I 

GIFT  OF 


AUG    1    W2 
GIFT 


Connecticut  School  Document 


No  3  —  1°12 


(WHOLE  NUMBER -369) 


Laws  relating  to  schools 


1912 


MEMBERS 

OF   THE 

STATE  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 
1912 


Simeon  E  Baldwin  Governor 
Dennis  A  Blakeslee  Lieut  Gov 
Edward  D  Robbins 
William  H  Palmer 
Schuyler  Merritt 
Charles  F  Smith  . 
Howell  Cheney     . 


• 


ltf» 


New  Haven 
New  Haven 
New  Haven 
Norwich 
Stamford 
New  Britain 
Manchester 


OFFICE 

Room  42  Capitol  Hartford 
As ahel  J.  Wright,  Chief  Clerk 


July  a  1912 


This  compilation  includes  all  sections  of  the  General  Statutes  of 
1902  and  of  later  public  acts  pertaining  to  schools  and  the  duties  of 
school  officers. 

Special  Acts,  under  which  the  schools  of  several  towns  and  districts 
are  organized  and  administered,  are  also  given,  pages  1 17-163. 

At  the  margin  of  each  section  will  be  found  the  number  of  the 
section  in  the  General  Statutes. 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Constitution 5 

State  board  of  education 6 

Normal   schools 9 

Attendance,  employment,  and  instruction  of  children    .        .        .  11 

Duties  of  towns 17 

Transfer  of  the  obligations  and  property  of  school  societies  to 

towns 24 

High  schools 26 

Evening   schools 29 

Trade   schools 30 

Schools  at  temporary  homes 31 

Town  school  officers 35 

Supervision  of  schools 45 

School  districts 48 

School   district  taxes 60 

District  committees 62 

Consolidation  of  school  districts 64 

Town   management   of   schools jt> 

Teachers yg 

School  libraries  and  philosophical  apparatus        ....  81 

Support  of  public   schools 82 

Town  deposit  fund 91 

Public  libraries 93 

Health,  sanitation,  and  safety 96 

Care  and  reformation  of  children 104 

Temporary  county  homes  ........  104 

Connecticut  school  for  boys 105 

Industrial  school   for  girls 106 

Imbecile   children 108 

Connecticut   reformatory 109 

Elections  and  electors m 

Employment  of  children  in  certain  occupations      .        .        .        .  112 

Crimes 114 

Members  of  state  board  of  education 117 

Appropriations             117 

Special  acts  towns, 1 18-163 

Ansonia n8 

Bridgeport I2i 

Danbury I24 


248094 


Page 

Darien 126 

Derby            127 

Greenwich 132 

Groton 132 

Hartford 132 

Huntington 137 

Manchester,  ninth  district 137 

Naugatuck           138 

New  Britain 139 

New  Canaan 140 

New  Haven 141 

New  London 149 

Thames   College 152 

Norwalk 154 

North  Stonington 155 

Norwich,  central  district 155 

Orange,  Union  district 155 

Saybrook 156 

South  Windsor 157 

Voluntown 157 

Waterbury            158 

Westville 162 

Weston 162 

Wilton,  Redding,  and  Weston, 162 

Woodbridge 163 


CONSTITUTIOiN  OF  CONNECTICUT 

[article  eight] 


Of  Education 


§  i  The  charter  of  Yale  College,  as  modified  by  agree- 
ment with  the  corporation  thereof,  in  pursuance  of  an  act  of 
the  General  Assembly,  passed  in  May,  1792,  is  hereby  con- 
firmed. 

§  2  The  fund,  called  the  School  Fund,  shall  remain  a 
perpetual  fund,  the  interest  of  which  shall  be  inviolably  appro- 
priated to  the  support  and  encouragement  of  the  public  or 
common  schools  throughout  the  state,  and  for  the  equal  benefit 
of  all  the  people  thereof.  The  value  and  amount  of  said  fund 
shall,  as  soon  as  practicable,  be  ascertained  in  such  manner  as 
the  General  Assembly  may  prescribe,  published  and  recorded 
in  the  Comptroller's  office;  and  no  law  shall  ever  be  made  au- 
thorizing said  fund  to  be  diverted  to  any  other  use  than  the 
encouragement  and  support  of  public  or  common  schools, 
among  the  several  school  societies,  as  justice  and  equity  shall 
require. 


LAWS  RELATING  TO  SCHOOLS 


Chapter  I 


State  Board  of  Education 


General  Statutes  Chapter  129  page  557 


GS  sec  till 

1849  1865  1888 

18S4  18S7 

Rev  1888 

$§2095  2097 

1889  eh  125 

1893  ch  177 

1895  ch  227 

1909  ch  217 

How  constitu- 
ted 


Vacancies 


Secretary 


Clerks 


OS  sec  Sill 
1855  1888  1887 
Rev  1888  §2098 


§  i  The  state  board  of  education  shall  consist  of  seven 
members,  not  more  than  two  of  whom  shall  come  from  any 
one  congressional  district,  of  whom  three  shall  constitute  a 
quorum.  The  governor  and  lieutenant-governor  shall  be  ex 
officio  members  of  said  board. 

The  general  assembly,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July, 
at  each  regular  session,  shall  appoint  two  members  of  said 
board,  one  for  the  term  of  four  years  from  the  first  day  of 
July  of  the  year  of  his  appointment,  and  one  for  the  term  of 
four  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  of  the  year  next  after 
his  appointment.  The  governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent 
of  the  senate,  shall,  during  each  regular  session  of  the  general 
assembly,  appoint  one  member  of  said  board  for  a  term  of 
two  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  of  the  year  of  his  appoint- 
ment.1 

Vacancies  arising  during  a  regular  session  of  the  general 
assembly  shall  be  filled  by  appointment  by  the  general  assembly. 
Vacancies  not  filled  by  the  general  assembly  shall  be  filled  by 
appointment  by  the  governor. 

Said  board  shall  appoint  a  secretary,  who  shall  perform 
such  services  as  the  board  may  prescribe,  and  who  shall  be 
paid  such  salary  as  the  board  may  determine. 

Said  board  shall  have  power  to  hire  necessary  clerks, 
who  shall  assist  the  secretary  and  shall  perform  such  duties 
as  the  board  or  the  secretary  shall  prescribe. 

§  2  The  board  shall  have  general  supervision  and  control 
of  the  educational  interests  of  the  state ; 

May  direct  what  books  shall  be  used  in  all  its  schools,  but 
shall  not  direct  any  book  to  be  changed  oftener  than  once  in 
five  years ; 2 


1  The  members  are  paid  their  necessary  expenses     Gen  Stat  §  48 11 
8  §§116130 


Shall  prescribe  the  form  of  registers1  to  be  kept  in  said  Duties 
schools  and  the  form  of  blanks  and  inquiries  for  the  returns2  to 
be  made  by  the  various  school  boards  and  committees ; 

Shall  keep  informed  as  to  the  condition  and  progress  of  the 
public  schools  in  the  state ; 

And  shall  seek  to  improve  the  methods  and  promote  the 
efficiency  of  teaching  therein,  by  holding,  at  convenient  places 
in  the  state,  meetings  of  teachers  and  school  officers,  for  the  Teachers'  meet 
purpose  of  instructing  in  the  best  modes  of  administering,  ng* 
governing,  and  teaching  public  schools,  and  by  such  other 
means  as  they  shall  deem  appropriate;  but  the  expenses  in- 
curred in  such  meetings  shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  three 
thousand  dollars  in  any  year. 

Said  board  shall,  on  or  before  the  Monday  after  the  first 
Wednesday  in  January  in  each  year,  submit  to  the  governor 
a  report  containing  a  printed  abstract  of  said  returns,  a  de-  Report 
tailed  statement  of  the  doings  of  the  board,  and  an  account 
of  the  condition  of  the  public  schools,  of  the  amount  and  quality 
of  instruction  therein,  and  such  other  information  as  will  ap- 
prise the  general  assembly  of  the  true  condition,  progress,  and 
needs  of  public  education.8 

1  Registers  are  supplied  to  public  and  private  schools     There  is  a  special 
form  for  evening  schools 

Private  schools  must  keep  prescribed  register     §  21 
For  duties  of  teachers  in  connection  with  registers  see  §  238 
9  Returns  to  be  made  to  state  board  of  education  see  §  118 
a     reports  of  school  visitors     §118 

including  names  of  teachers  and  committees     §  129 
forfeiture     §  119 
b    reports  by  district  board  of  education     §  66 
reports  of  evening  schools     §  83 
reports  of  private  schools     §  21 
reports  of  eyesight  tests     §  5 

number  and  names  of  children  attending  non-local  high  schools    §  74 
number  and  names  of  children  conveyed  to  non-local  high  schools 

§78 
salaries  of  district  and  other  superintendents     §§  136,    139 
average  attendance  in  certain  schools     §  249 
Blanks  are  supplied  for  all  above  returns  and  for  reports  of  district  commit- 
tees to  school  visitors     §  197 

3  Other  powers  and  duties  of  the  board  not  enumerated  in  this  chapter  are  to 
a     enforce  law  relating  to  attendance  at  evening  schools     §  82 
b     enforce  law  relating  to  employment  of  children     §  29 

investigate  and  grant  certificates  of  age  in  certain  cases     §§25,  26 
c     appoint  public  library  committee     §285 
d    order  sanitary  changes  in  schoolhouses     £  305 
e     examine  teachers  for  county  homes  and  appoint  acting  visitor  for 

said  schools     §  94 
/    relieve  towns  from  maintaining  evening  schools     §  85 
g     appoint  and  pay  agents  to  act  as  superintendents  in  certain  towns  §  140 
h     approve  high  schools  in  certain  cases     §  72     apply  to  comptroller 

for  high  school  grant     §  74 
i     examine  incorporated  high  schools  and  academies     §  75 
/     approve  high  schools  to  which  children  are  conveyed     §  76 
apply  to  comptroller  for  high  school  conveyance  grant     §  78 


cS 


1903  ch  96 

Duties  of 
citizenship 


G  S  sec  9913 

1884 
Rev  1888  §2222 
1895  ch  135 

May  grant  cer- 
tificates 


G'S  sec  9951 
1899  ch  104 
1901  ch  40 

Eyesight  of 
children  to  be 
tested 


G  8  sec  9113 
1883 
Rev  1888  §2098 

Appointment  of 
agent 

G  S  sec  U707 
1886  1887 
Rev  1888  §1755 
1893  ch  227  §6 
Enforcement  of 
child  labor  law 


§  3  The  duties  of  citizenship  shall  be  taught  in  the  pub- 
lic schools.  The  state  board  of  education  shall  prepare  and 
distribute  to  every  school  an  outline  of  questions  and  sug- 
gestions relating  to  said  subject,  and  said  outline  may  be  used 
in  said  schools. 

§  4  The  state  board  of  education  may,  upon  public  ex- 
amination in  such  branches  and  upon  such  terms  as  it  may 
prescribe,  grant  a  certificate  of  qualification  to  teach  in  any 
public  school  in  the  state,  and  may  revoke  the  same.  The  cer- 
tificate of  qualification  issued  under  this  section  shall  be  ac- 
cepted by  boards  of  school  visitors,  boards  of  education,  and 
town  school  committees  in  lieu  of  any  other  examination.1 

§  5  The  state  board  of  education  shall  prepare  or  cause 
to  be  prepared  suitable  test  cards  and  blanks  to  be  used  in 
testing  the  eyesight  of  the  pupils  in  public  schools,  and  shall 
furnish  the  same,  together  with  all  necessary  instructions  for 
their  use,  free  of  expense,  to  every  school  in  the  state.  The 
superintendent,  principal,  or  teacher,  in  every  school,  during 
the  fall  term  in  the  year  1904  and  triennially  thereafter,  shall 
test  the  eyesight  of  all  pupils  under  his  charge  according  to 
the  instructions  furnished,  and  shall  notify  in  writing  the 
parent  or  guardian  of  every  pupil  who  shall  be  found  to  have 
any  defect  of  vision  or  disease  of  the  eyes,  with  a  brief  state- 
ment of  such  defect  or  disease,  and  shall  make  written  re- 
port of  all  such  cases  to  the  state  board  of  education. 

§  6  The  board  may  appoint  an  agent  to  secure  the  ob- 
servance of  the  laws  relating  to  the  instruction  of  children,  and 
such  agent  shall  make  written  report  of  his  work  to  the  sec- 
retary semiannually.2 

§  7  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  state  board  of  education, 
and  the  school  visitors,  boards  of  education,  and  town  school 
committees  to  enforce  §§  24,  25,  26,  27,  and  28,  and  for  that 
purpose  the  state  board  of  education  may  appoint  agents,  under 
its  supervision  and  control,  for  terms  of  not  more  than  one 
year,  who  shall  be  paid  not  to  exceed  five  dollars  a  day  for 
time  actually  employed  and  necessary  expenses,  and  whose  ac- 
counts shall  be  approved  by  said  board  and  audited  by  the 
comptroller.     The  agents  so  appointed  may  be  directed  by  said 

k    approve  superintendents  in  certain  cases   §§  137  l3% 
I    apply  to  comptroller  for  state  average  attendance  grant     §  249 
m    disapprove  teachers  in  certain  cases     £  250 
n     make  estimates     Gen  Stat  §§  63  64 
0     make  reports     Gen  Stat  §§  200  204 
'  §  234  :  see  §§  71  123  205  224 

3  Must  grant  certificates  of  age  to  foreign  born  children  §  25  May  inspect 
registers  of  private  schools  §21  If  school  accommodations  are  not  supplied  by 
towns  may  appeal  to  selectmen  §  51  or  give  hearing  §  53 


board  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  the  law  requiring  the  attend- 
ance of  children  at  school1  and  to  perform  any  duties  necessary 
or  proper  for  the  due  execution  of  the  duties  and  powers  of  the 
board.2 

§  8     The  state  board  of  education  shall  keep  an  account  of  ossecam 
the  money  drawn  and  paid  out  for  school  libraries  and  philo-  1856  JsS  im 
sophical  apparatus  pursuant  to  chapter  xviii,  and  the  comp-  ^v  im  §22ao 
troller  shall  annually  audit  such  account.3  library  grant 

§  9     The  board  may  expend  such  sum  as  may  be  neces-  ossecsm 
sary  to  perform  the  duties  and  execute  the  powers  conferred  RevKSw 
upon  it,  and  shall  semiannually  file  with  the  comptroller  a  cer- 
tified account  of  all  state  money  received  and  expended  during  Expenditures 
the  preceding  half  year,4  which  account  shall  be  audited  by  the 
comptroller.     All   orders   for   drawing  state  money   shall  be 
signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by  a  duly  authorized 
committee  of  the  board. 

§  10     In  all  cases  when  a  school  in  any  district  has  been  g  3  seems 
or  shall  be  kept  during  a  portion  of  the  school  year,  but  not  RevusssfaLo 
according  to  law,  or  when  for  any  other  cause  there  has  been  or 
shall  be  a  forfeiture  of  moneys  accruing  from  the  school  fund  b^mltted  may 
or  annual  state  appropriation  that  would  otherwise  have  been 
paid  to  any  town  or  school  district,  the  secretary  of  the  state 
board  of  education  shall,  on  application  from  such  town  or 
school  district,  examine  into  the  facts  of  the  case,  and  decide, 
according  to  equity,  on  the  right  of  the  applicants  to  receive 
the  money  so  forfeited;  and  if  he  decides  in  favor  of  such 
right,  and  so  certifies  to  the  comptroller,  the  same  shall  be  paid 
as  if  no  forfeiture  had  occurred. 

§  ii     The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall  oseecmo 
annually,  in  January,  give  to  the  comptroller,  in  writing,  a  list  Rev  1888W47 
of  the  towns  and  districts  which  have  incurred  the  forfeiture  Forfeitures  to 
described  in  §  118,  with  the  percentage  of  forfeiture  in  each  be  reported 
case ;  and  the  comptroller,  in  making  payment  of  school  moneys 
aforesaid,  shall  deduct  the  amount  of  money  which  each  town 
or  district  shall  have  forfeited  under  the  provisions  of  said 
section. 

Normal  Schools 

§  12     The  state  board  of  education  shall  maintain  normal  GSsecnso 
schools  as  seminaries  for  training  teachers  in  the  art  of  in-  ^^l^^72 
structing  and  governing  in  the  public  schools  of  this  state,  at  ^^flf 

1  Chap  ii  1893  ch  215 

'  Must  grant  certificates  of  age  §  25       May  inspect  registers  of  private 

schools  §  21,  and  if  school  accommodations  are  not  supplied  by  towns  appeal  to 

selectmen  §  51  or  give  hearing  §  53 

3  page 

4  The  fiscal  year  ends  September  30,  Gen  Stat  §  182 


IO 


Maintenance 


G  8  sec  XS81 
1849  1883  1885 
Rev  1888  §2248 
1889  ch  186  §2 

Number  and  ad- 
mission of 
students 


G  S  sec  2282 
1849  1865  1883 

1885 
Rev  1888  §2249 
1889  ch  186  §3 

Selection  of 
students 


G  S  sec  2283 
1849  1865  1883 
Rev  1888  §2250 
1889  ch  186  §4 
1897  ch  35 

Expenditures 
accounts  re- 
ports 


6  8  sec  228k 
1849  1883 
Rev  1888  §2251 
1889  ch  186  §5 

Model  achools 

1909  ch  198 

Trained 
teachers  for 
small  towns 


the  places  where  such  schools  are  legally  established,  and  such 
sum  as  the  state  board  of  education  may  in  each  year  deem 
necessary  for  their  support,  not  exceeding  eighty  thousand 
dollars  for  the  four  normal  schools  now  established,  shall  be 
annually  paid  therefor  from  the  treasury  of  the  state,  on  the 
order  of  said  board ;  but  the  board  shall  not  expend  any  money 
for  a  normal  school  hereafter  established,  until  the  town, 
city,  or  city  school  district,  in  which  said  school  is  situated 
shall  have  agreed  in  writing  with  said  board  to  furnish,  and 
shall  have  furnished,  schools,  in  suitable  and  sufficient  school 
buildings  in  connection  with  the  training  department  in  said 
school,  the  terms  of  said  agreement  to  be  satisfactory  to  said 
board;  and  every  such  town,  city,  or  city  school  district  is 
hereby  empowered  to  make  and  execute  such  agreements. 

§  13  The  number  of  pupils  in  each  school  shall  be  de- 
termined by  the  state  board  of  education.  Said  board  may 
make  regulations  governing  the  admission  of  candidates.  To 
all  pupils  admitted  to  a  normal  school  all  its  privileges,  in- 
cluding tuition,  shall  be  gratuitous ;  no  persons,  however,  shall 
be  entitled  to  these  privileges  until  they  have  filed  with  said 
board  a  written  declaration  that  their  object  in  securing  admis- 
sion to  such  school  is  to  become  qualified  to  teach  in  public 
schools,  and  that  they  intend  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of 
this  state. 

§  14  The  school  officers  in  each  town  shall  annually, 
upon  request,  forward  to  said  board  the  names  of  such  per- 
sons as  they  can  recommend  as  suitable  persons  in  age, 
character,  talents,  and  attainments,  to  be  received  as  pupils  in 
said  schools. 

§  15  The  state  board  of  education  shall  expend  the  funds 
provided  for  the  support  of  normal  schools,  appoint  and  remove 
their  teachers,  and  make  rules  for  their  management ; x  shall  file 
semiannually  with  the  comptroller,  to  be  audited  by  him,  a 
statement  of  the  receipts  and  expenses  on  account  of  the 
normal  schools,  and  shall  annually  make  to  the  governor  a 
report  of  the  condition  of  those  schools  and  the  doings  of  said 
board  in  connection  therewith. 

§  16  Said  board  may  establish  and  maintain  model 
schools  under  permanent  teachers  approved  by  it,  in  which  the 
pupils  of  the  normal  schools  shall  have  an  opportunity  to 
practice  modes  of  instruction  and  discipline. 

§  17  The  state  board  of  education  may  at  all  times  main- 
tain, in  any  of  the  normal  schools,  one  student,  selected  on  the 
basis  of  scholarship  and  general  fitness,  from  each  town  in 

1  See  §  45 


the  state  having  a  valuation  by  the  board  of  equalization  of 
less  than  one  and  one-half  million  dollars,  upon  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  town  school  committee  or  board  of  school 
visitors  of  such  town ;  and  for  students  admitted  to  said  schools 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act  living  expenses,  not  to  exceed 
one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  for  each  pupil  in  any  one  year, 
shall  be  provided  by  said  state  board  of  education  free  of 
charge.  Every  person  entering  a  normal  school  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act  shall  enter  into  an  agreement  with  the 
state  board  of  education  to  remain  at  the  normal  school  for 
two  years,  unless  in  case  of  ill  health  or  dismissal  by  the  school 
authorities,  and  to  teach  in  one  of  the  towns  from  which  such 
students  are  nominated  or  appointed  for  a  period  of  three  years 
after  graduation  unless  excused  by  the  state  board  of 
education.1 

Chapter  II 
Attendance,  Employment,  and  Instruction  of  Children 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  130,  page  558 

8  18     All  parents  and  those  who  have  care  of  children2  osgeetiu 

,,,,.,  •  1         r    1  j    *  1  l     1650  1813  1821 

shall  bring  them  up  in  some  lawful  and  honest  employment,  1849 1872  1m 
and  instruct  them  or  cause  them  to  be  instructed  in  reading,  Revises §2102 
writing,  spelling,  English  grammar,  geography,  arithmetic,  and    \f959cchh  \^ 
United  States  history.3 

Every  parent  or  other  person  having  control  of  a  child  over  {J^Jg0^ 
seven  and  under  sixteen  years4  of  age  shall  cause  such  child  guardians 
to  attend  a  public  day  school  regularly  during  the  hours  and 
terms  the  public  school  in  the  district  wherein  such  child  re- 
sides is  in  session,  or  while  the  school  is  in  session  where  pro- 
vision for  the  instruction  of  such  child  is  made  according  to 
law,  unless  the  parent  or  person  having  control  of  such  child 
can  show  that  the  child  is  elsewhere  receiving  regularly 
thorough  instruction  during  said  hours  and  terms  in  the  studies 
taught  in  the  public  schools.5 

1  Students  are  eligible  from  the  following  towns  :  Andover,  Ash  ford,  Avon, 
Barkhamsted,  Beacon  Falls,  Bethany,  Bethlehem,  Bloomfield,  Bolton,  Bozrah, 
Bridgewater,  Brookfield,  Burlington,  Canaan,  Canterbury,  Chaplin,  Chatham, 
Chester,  Clinton,  Colchester,  Colebrook,  Columbia,  Cornwall,  Coventry,  Crom- 
well, Durham,  Eastford,  East  Granby,  East  Haddam,  East  Lyme,  Easton, 
Ellington,  Franklin,  Goshen,  Granby,  Haddam,  Hampton,  Hartland,  Harwin- 
ton,  Hebron,  Kent,  Killingworth,  Lebanon,  Ledyard,  Lisbon,  Lyme,  Mans- 
field, Marlborough,  Middlebury,  Middlefield,  Monroe,  Montville,  Morris,  New 
Fairfield,  New  Hartford,  Newington,  North  Branford,  North  Canaan,  North 
Stonington,  Old  Lyme,  Old  Saybrook,  Oxford,  Preston,  Prospect,  Rocky  Hill, 
Roxbury,  Salem,  Saybrook,  Scotland,  Sherman,  Somers,  Southbury,  Sterling, 
Tolland,  Trumbull,  Union,  Voluntown,  Warren,  Westbrook,  Weston,  Wethers- 
field,  Willington,  Wilton,  Wolcott,  Woodbridge,  Woodbury,  Woodstock. 

9  Words  "those  who  have  the  care  of  children"  equivalent  to  parents  or 
guardians     59  Conn  489 

Statute  to  receive  a  liberal  construction     59  Conn  492 
8  See  §§  40  43  44  45         4§§  127  241  244        5§2i 


12 


O  S  sec  2117 
1882  1885  1887 
Rev  1888  §2103 

Penalty 
Excuses 


Complaint 


Procedure 


1903  ch  29 
Child  required 
to  attend  school 
until  sixteen 
years  of  age, 
when 


1905  ch  30 


Children  over  fourteen  years  of  age  shall  not  be  subject  to 
the  requirements  of  this  section  while  lawfully  employed  at 
labor  at  home  or  elsewhere ;  but  this  provision  shall  not  permit 
such  children  to  be  irregular  in  attendance  at  school  while  they 
are  enrolled  as  scholars,  nor  exempt  any  child  who  is  enrolled 
as  a  member  of  a  school  from  any  rule  concerning  irregularity 
of  attendance  which  has  been  enacted  or  may  be  enacted  by  the 
town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of 
education,  having  control  of  the  school.1 

§  19  Each  week's  failure  on  the  part  of  a  person  to  com- 
ply with  any  provision  of  §  18  shall  be  a  distinct  offense, 
punishable  with  a  fine  not  exceeding  five  dollars. 

Said  penalty  shall  not  be  incurred  when  it  appears  that  the 
child  is  destitute  of  clothing  suitable  for  attending  school,  and 
the  parent  or  person  having  control  of  such  child  is  unable  to 
provide  such  clothing,  or  its  mental  or  physical  condition  is 
such  as  to  render  its  instruction  inexpedient  or  impracticable. 

All  offenses  concerning  the  same  child  shall  be  charged  in 
separate  counts  in  one  complaint.  When  a  complaint  contains 
more  than  one  count  the  court  may  give  sentence  on  one  or 
more  counts  and  suspend  sentence  on  the  remaining  counts. 

If  at  the  end  of  twelve  weeks  from  the  date  of  the  sentence 
it  shall  appear  that  the  child  concerned  has  attended  school 
regularly  during  that  time  judgment  on  such  remaining  counts 
shall  not  be  executed. 

§  20  Whenever  the  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee, or  board  of  education  of  any  town  or  district  shall 
by  vote  decide,  or  whenever  the  state  board  of  education  shall 
ascertain  that  a  child  over  fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years 
of  age  has  not  schooling  sufficient  to  warrant  his  leaving 
school  to  be  employed,  and  shall  so  notify  the  parent  or  guar- 
dian of  said  child  in  writing,  the  parent  or  guardian  of  said 
child  shall  cause  him  to  attend  school  regularly  during  the  days 
and  hours  that  the  public  school  in  the  district  in  which  said 
parent  or  guardian  resides  is  in  session,  and  until  the  parent 
or  guardian  of  said  child  has  obtained  from  said  board  of 
school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or  board  of  educa- 
tion, or  from  the  state  board  of  education,  if  the  notice 
shall  have  been  given  by  the  said  state  board  of  education, 
a  leaving  certificate  stating  that  the  education  of  said  child 
is  satisfactory  to  said  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or 
board  of  education,  or  to  said  state  board  of  education,  as 
the   case  mayf  be;   provided,   that   said   parent   or   guardian 

1  §  116        See  §  20 


13 

shall  not  be  required  to  cause  his  child  to  attend  school 
after  the  child  is  sixteen  years  of  age.  Each  week's  failure 
on  the  part  of  a  person  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of 
this  section  shall  be  a  distinct  offense,  punishable  with  a  fine 
not  exceeding  five  dollars,  and  the  provisions  of  section  19 
shall  be  applicable  to  all  proceedings  under  this  act. 

§  21     Attendance   of   children   at   a  school   other   than   a  gs seems 
public  school  shall  not  be  regarded  as  compliance  with  the  laws  Rev  i88s7§2io4 
of  the  state  requiring  parents  and  other  persons  having  control  Attendance  at 
of  children  to  cause  them  to  attend  school,  unless  the  teachers  private  schools 
or  persons  having  control  of  such  school  shall  keep  a  register 
of  attendance  in  the  form  and  manner  prescribed  by  the  state 
board  of  education  for  the  public  schools,1  which  register  shall 
at  all  times  during  school  hours  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  the 
secretary  and  agents  of  the  state  board  of  education,2  and  shall 
make  such  reports  and  returns  concerning  the  school  under 
their  charge  to  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  as 
are  required  from  the  school  visitors  concerning  the  public 
schools,3  except  that  no  report  concerning  expenses  shall  be 
required.     The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall 
furnish  to  the  teachers  or  persons  having  charge  of  any  school, 
on  their  request,  such  registers  and  blanks  for  returns  as  may  be 
necessary  for  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

§  22     Every  person  who  shall  employ  a  child  under  four-  oseecfm 
teen  years  of  age  during  the  hours  while  the  school  which  such  184?8|fi988571 
child  should  attend  is  in  session,  and  every  person  who  shall  ^Jjjg^JJ05 
authorize  or  permit  on  premises  under  his  control  any  such  Employment  of 
child  to  be  so  employed,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty  £ JiJtlSi under 
dollars  for  every  week  in  which  such  child  is  so  employed. 

§  23     Every  parent  or  other  person,  having  control  of  a  ossecstso 
child,  who  shall  make  any  false  statement  concerning  the  age  RevlSs  §Ho7 
of  such  child  with  intent  to  deceive  the  town  clerk  or  registrar    1901  ch  110 
of  births,  marriages,  and  deaths  of  any  town,  or  the  teacher  of  Penalty 
any  school,  or  shall  instruct  a  child  to  make  any  such  false  state- 
ment, shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty  dollars.4 

§  24     No  child  under  fourteen  years  of  age  shall  be  em-  1911  ch  119  §1 
ployed  in  any  mechanical,  mercantile,  or  manufacturing  estab-  cnTidren^cer- 
lishment.     Every  person,   whether  acting   for  himself  or  as  SentsStabhsh 
agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ  or  authorize  or  permit  to 
be  employed  any  child  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  Penalty 
section  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 

§  25     No  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  em- 
ployed in  any  mechanical,  mercantile,  or  manufacturing  es-  iMichii9§2 
tablishment  unless  the  employer  of  such  child  shall  have  first 

!§2        8§§67         3§2        4§25 


14 


Children  over  14 
and  under  16 
not  to  be  em- 
ployed unless 
certificate  first 
obtained  from 
state  board  of 
education 

Education 


Physical  condi- 
tion 


Copies 


Penalty 


Oath  may  be 
administered 


Physical  exam- 
ination 


1911  ch  113  §3 
Employer  to 
notify  state 
board  of  educa- 
tion of  begin- 
ning and  ter- 
mination of 
employment 


obtained  a  certificate,  signed  by  the  secretary  or  an  agent  of 
the  state  board  of  education,  or  by  a  school  supervisor,  school 
superintendent,  supervising  principal,  or  acting  school  visitor 
designated  by  said  board,  stating  the  date  of  the  birth  of  such 
child,  showing  that  such  child  is  over  fourteen  years  of  age, 
and  stating  that  such  child  is  able  to  read  with  facility,  to 
legibly  write  simple  sentences,  and  to  perform  the  operations 
of  the  fundamental  rules  of  arithmetic  with  relation  both  to 
whole  numbers  and  to  fractions,  and  does  not  appear  to  be 
physically  unfit  for  employment.  Such  certificate  shall  be  in 
the  form  prescribed  and  upon  a  blank  furnished  by  the  state 
board  of  education,  and  shall  be  issued  in  triplicate;  and  one 
copy  thereof  shall  be  delivered  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  such 
child,  one  copy  shall  be  delivered  to  the  employer,  and  one  copy 
shall  be  deposited  in  the  office  of  the  state  board  of  education. 
Copies  of  such  certificate  shall  be  obtainable  from  the  state 
board  of  education,  upon  application,  at  any  time.  The  copy 
of  such  certificate  delivered  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  the 
child  may  be  accepted  by  the  employer  as  a  temporary  certifi- 
cate, good  for  one  week,  after  which  time  it  shall  be  returned 
to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  such  child.  Every  person,  whether 
acting  for  himself  or  as  agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ 
or  shall  authorize  or  permit  to  be  employed  any  child  in  viola- 
tion of  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  be  fined  not  more 
than  one  hundred  dollars.  The  secretary  or  the  agent  of  the 
state  board  of  education  or  the  school  supervisor,  school  super- 
intendent, supervising  principal,  or  acting  school  visitor  to 
whom  application  shall  be  made  for  a  certificate  as  provided  in 
this  section,  shall  have  power  to  require  all  statements  of  fact 
offered  in  support  of  such  application  to  be  made  under  oath, 
and  such  oath  may  be  administered  by  said  secretary,  or  such 
agent,  school  supervisor,  school  superintendent,  supervising 
principal,  or  acting  school  visitor;  and  said  secretary  or  any 
such  agent,  school  supervisor,  school  superintendent,  supervis- 
ing principal,  or  acting  school  visitor  may  cause  any  child  to  be 
examined  by  a  reputable  physician,  for  the  purpose  of  aiding 
him  in  determining  whether  such  child  is  physically  fit  for 
employment,  and  may  charge  the  expense  of  such  physical  ex- 
amination against  the  state  as  a  part  of  his  expenses. 

§  26  Every  employer  receiving  a  certificate  issued  under 
the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  promptly  notify  the  state  board 
of  education,  in  writing,  in  the  form  prescribed  and  upon  a 
blank  furnished  by  said  board,  of  the  time  of  commencement 
of  the  employment  of  any  child  thereunder  and,  whenever 
such  employment  terminates  before  such  child  attains  the  age 


15 

of  sixteen  years,  of  the  time  of  the  termination  of  such  em- 
ployment.   Every  person  violating  any  provision  of  this  section  Penalty 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten  dollars. 

§  27       The  provisions  of  §§  25  and  26  of  this  act  shall  not  1911  ch  119  §4 
apply  to  employers  of  children  over  fourteen  years  of  age  in  c^lfi^Sf^" 
cases  in  which  the  employment  commenced  prior  to  the  date  on  FioJ  t»  septem- 
which  this  act  shall  take  effect  and  in  which  the  employer  has 
also  complied  with  the  requirements  of  the  statutes  in  force  at 
the  time  of  the  commencement  of  such  employment. 

§  28     Every  employer  or  other  person  having  control  of  1911  Ch  119  §5 
any  establishment  or  premises  where  children  under  sixteen  certificates  to 

r  1111111  1  11  De  keP*  0n  file 

years  of  age  are  employed  who  shall  neglect  to  have  and  keep 
on  file  the  certificate  described  in  §  26  of  this  act  or  to  show  the 
same,  with  a  list  of  the  names  of  such  children  so  employed, 
to  the  secretary  or  an  agent  of  the  state  board  of  education, 
when  demanded  during  the  usual  business  hours,  shall  be  fined  Pena]ty 
not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 

§  29     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  state  board  of  education,  as  tecum 
and  the  school  visitors,  boards  of  education,  and  town  school  pj^gf^ 
committees  to  enforce  §§  24,  25,  26,  and  27,  and  for  that  pur-  lawchs&ss 
pose  the  state  board  of  education  may  appoint  agents,  under  its  Enforcement  of 
supervision  and  control,  for  terms  of  not  more  than  one  year,  BecTion»recedl0B 
who  shall  be  paid  not  to  exceed  five  dollars  a  day  for  time 
actually  employed  and  necessary  expenses,  and  whose  accounts 
shall  be  approved  by  said  board  and  audited  by  the  comptroller. 
The  agents  so  appointed  may  be  directed  by  said  board  to  en- 
force the  provisions  of  the  law  requiring  the  attendance1  of 
children  at  school  and  to  perform  any   duties  necessary   or 
proper  for  the  due  execution  of  the  duties  and  powers  of  the 
board.     The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  applicable  to 
sections  24,  25,  and  26. 

§  30     The  school  visitors  or  the  town  school  committee  ossecsm 
in  every  town  shall,  once  or  more  in  every  year,  examine  into  Rev  issspios 
the  situation  of  the  children  employed  in  all  manufacturing  es- 
tablishments, and  ascertain  whether  all  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  are  duly  observed,  and  report  all  violations  thereof  to  Report  of  vioia- 

, ,  . .  ,,        .  r  tions  of  law 

the  proper  prosecuting  authority. 

§  31     Each  city  and  town  may  make  regulations  concern-  osseetiss 
ing  habitual  truants  from  school  and  children  between  the  ages  Rev issipiio 
of  seven  and  sixteen  years  2  wandering-  about  its  streets  or  pub-  „  , 

...  .  .  "  r  By-laws  con- 

lic  places,  having  no  lawful  occupation,  nor  attending  school,  cernmg  truants 
and  growing  up  in  ignorance;  and  may  make  such  by-laws, 
respecting  such  children,  as  shall  conduce  to  their  welfare  and 
to  public  order,  imposing  penalties,  not  exceeding  twenty  dol- 
lars for  any  one  breach  thereof. 

'§§  18-23  3§§322     329 


16 


GSsec212S 

1865 
Rev  1888  §2111 

Truant  officers 


G  S  sec  212k 
1869  1877 
Rev  1888  §2112 
1899  ch  19 


Arrest  of 
truants 


GS  sec  2125 
1869  1872  1877 
Rev  1888  §2113 
1903  ch  92  §2 
1901  ch  56 


Truants  com- 
mitted to  school 
for  boys 


G  S  sec  2126 

1877 
Rev  1888  §2114 

Fees  for  arrest- 
ing truants 


G  8  sec  2127 

1869 
Rev  1888  §2115 


Warrant  and 
hearing 


§  32  Every  town,  and  the  mayor  and  aldermen  of  every 
city,  having  such  by-laws,  shall  annually  appoint  three  or  more 
persons,  who  alone  shall  be  authorized  to  prosecute  for  viola- 
tions thereof.  All  warrants  issued  upon  such  prosecutions 
shall  be  returnable  before  any  justice  of  the  peace,  or  judge  of 
the  city  or  police  court  of  the  town  or  city. 

§  33  The  police  in  any  city,  and  bailiffs,  constables, 
sheriffs,  and  deputy  sheriffs  in  their  respective  precincts,  shall 
arrest  all  boys  between  seven  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  who 
habitually  wander  or  loiter  about  the  streets  or  public  places,  or 
anywhere  beyond  the  proper  control  of  their  parents  or  guar- 
dians, during  the  usual  school  hours  of  the  school  term;  and 
may  stop  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  during  such 
hours,  and  ascertain  whether  he  is  a  truant  from  school ;  and 
if  he  be,  shall  send  him  to  such  school. 

§  34  Every  boy  arrested  three  times  or  more  under  the 
provisions  of  §  33  shall  be  taken  before  the  judge  of  the  crimi- 
nal or  police  court,  or  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the  city,  borough, 
or  town  where  such  arrest  is  made ;  and  if  it  shall  appear  that 
such  boy  has  no  lawful  occupation,  or  is  not  attending  school, 
or  is  growing  up  in  habits  of  idleness  or  immorality,  or  is  an 
habitual  truant,  he  may  be  committed  to  any  institution  of  in- 
struction or  correction,  or  house  of  reformation  in  said  city, 
borough,  or  town,  for  not  more  than  three  years,  or,  if  such  boy 
be  not  less  than  ten  years  of  age,  with  the  approval  of  the 
selectmen,  to  the  Connecticut  school  for  boys. 

§  35  Officers  other  than  policemen  of  cities  shall  receive 
for  making  the  arrests  required  by  §§  33  and  34  such  fees,  not 
exceeding  the  fees  allowed  by  law  for  making  other  arrests,  as 
may  be  allowed  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in  which  such 
arrests  are  made ;  but  unless  a  warrant  was  issued  by  a  judge  of 
the  criminal  or  police  court,  or  by  a  justice  of  the  peace,  the 
officer  shall,  before  receiving  his  fees,  present  to  the  selectmen 
of  the  town  a  written  statement  showing  the  name  of  each  boy 
arrested,  the  day  on  which  the  arrest  was  made,  and  if  the  boy 
was  returned  to  school  the  name  or  number  of  the  school  to 
which  he  was  so  returned. 

§  36  In  all  cases  arising  under  the  provisions  of  §§  33,  34, 
or  35,  a  proper  warrant  shall  be  issued  by  the  judge  of  the 
criminal  court  of  the  city,  or  by  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the 
borough  or  town,  where  such  arrest  is  made ;  and  the  father,  if 
living,  or  if  not,  the  mother  or  guardian  of  such  boy,  shall  be 
notified,  if  such  parent  or  guardian  can  be  found,  of  the  day 
and  time  of  hearing.  The  fees  of  the  judge  or  justice  shall 
be  two  dollars  for  such  hearing ;  and  all  expenses  shall  be  paid 


17 


by  the  city,  borough,  or  town  in  and  for  which  he  exercised 

such  jurisdiction.  <  0  s  sec:em, 

§  37     After  the  hearing  in  any  such  case  such  judge  or        ri869i  - -'*•- 
justice  of  the  peace  may,  at  his  discretion,  indefinitely  suspend  jndg^nfmay" 

judgment.  be  appended 

§  38     Upon  the  request  of  the  parent  or  guardian  of  any  os  sec  2129 
girl  between  seven  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  a  warrant  may  be  Rev^pm 
issued  for  her  arrest  in  the  manner  and  on  the  conditions  pro-     i®>9  <*  19 
vided  in  the  preceding  sections  with  respect  to  boys  ;  and  there-  ^r       a  . , 

i-  1-      1      j  u  -j    j     Vagrant  girls 

upon  the  same  proceedings  may  be  had  as  are  above  provided,  committed  to 
except  that  said  girl  may  be  committed  to  the  Connecticut  in-  scLoo" 
dustrial  school  for  girls.1 

§  39     The  selectmen  of  any  town  may  appoint  committees  ossecmo 
of  school  districts  and  janitors  of  school  buildings,  and  other   j^lm^o 
persons  on  nomination  by  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  or 
board  of  education  of  an  incorporated  school  district,  special  school  commit- 

_    .  ,  --  1     11    1  ^        ,  .      tees  and  janitors 

constables.     Said  constables  shall  have  power  in  the  town  in  as  special  con- 
which  they  reside,  and  in  adjoining  towns  when  offenders  8a 
have  escaped  thither,  to  arrest  for  truancy  and  other  causes 
named  in  §  33,  and  for  disturbance  of  schools  and  school  meet- 
ings, and  damage  to  school  property,  and  to  serve  criminal 
process  in  all  such  cases. 

Chapter  III 
Duties  of  Towns 

General  Statutes  Chapter  131  page  561 

§  40     Public  schools  shall  be  maintained  for  at  least  thirty-  QSsecim 
six  weeks  in  each  year  in  every  town  and  school  district.  im  isto  1884 

No  town  shall  receive  any  money  from  the  state  treasury  ^sKrfe118 
for  any  district  unless  the  school  therein  has  been  kept  during    J|$j  %  JJi 
the  time  herein  required ;  but  no  school  need  be  maintained  in  18" ch  M  §1 
any  district  in  which  the  average  attendance2  at  the  school  in  ^S^of School 
said  district  during  the  preceding  year,  ending  the  fourteenth 
day  of  July,3  was  less  than  eight.4 

In  said  schools  shall  be  taught,  bv  teachers  found  duly  ^  ai 

,.„     ,  _  ,.  ,,.  .  P      '  —J     .,   ,  J    Studies 

qualified,5  reading,  spelling,  writing,  English  grammar,  geog- 
raphy, arithmetic,  and  United  States  history,  and  such  other 
studies,  including  elementary  science  and  training  in  manual 
arts,  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  or 
town  school  committee. 

The  public  schools  of  every  town  and  district  shall  be  open 
to  children  over  five  years  of  age  without  discrimination  on  ac- 
count  of  race  or  color,6  but  school  visitors,  town  school  com-  admission 
mittees,  and  boards  of  education,  may,  by  vote  at  a  meeting 

1  §  329  *  Method  of  obtaining  average  attendance  is  prescribed  in  reg- 
ister        3  §  255         4  §§  50  262         6  §§  64  71  123  205  224 

6  A  child  is  entitled  to  school  privileges  in  a  district  if  he  is  residing  there 
59  Conn  491         See  §§  241  244 


i8 


duly  called,  admit  to  any  school  children  over  four  years  of 


o  S  sec  2131 

1886 
Rev  1888  §2120 
1899  ch  54  §2 
Kindergartens 

GSsec22U8 
Who  may 
employ  teacher 

1903  ch  96 
Duties  of 
citizenship 


GStecSlSU 

1884 
Rev  1888  §2123 


Instruction  in 
music 


Q  S  sec  2162 

1886 

Rev  1888 

§§2100  2141 

1893  ch  157 

1901  ch  81 


Effects  of 
alcohol  and 
narcotics  to  he 
taught 


O  S  sec  2168 
Rev  18S8  §2100 
1893  ch  157 
§1901  ch  81  §6 
Comptroller 
may  withhold 
school  money 

G  8  sec  2135 

1867  1886 

Rev  188S  §2124 

1889  ch  17 

Text-hooks 
and  supplies 


1907  ch.  40 
Towns  may  vote 
to  furnish  free 
text-books  and 
supplies,  when 


§  4i_  Any  town  or  school  district  may  establish  and  main- 
tain kindergartens  which  shall  be  open  to  children  over  three 
years  of  age. 

§  42  Any  town,  unless  otherwise  provided,  may  direct  the 
school  visitors  to  employ  the  teachers  for  all  public  schools  of 
the  town  for  such  terms  of  the  schools  as  it  may  specify.1 

§  43  The  duties  of  citizenship  shall  be  taught  in  the  public 
schools.  The  state  board  of  education  shall  prepare  and  dis- 
tribute to  every  school  an  outline  of  questions  and  suggestions 
relating  to  said  subject,  and  said  outline  may  be  used  in  said 
schools. 

§  44  Any  town,  at  its  annual  meeting,  may  direct  its 
school  visitors  or  town  school  committee  to  employ  one  or  more 
teachers  to  give  instruction  in  the  rudiments  and  principles  of 
vocal  and  instrumental  music  in  its  several  schools,-  and  the 
salary  of  such  teachers  shall  be  paid  by  such  town. 

§  45  Hygiene,  including  the  effects  of  alcohol  and  nar- 
cotics on  health  and  character,  shall  be  taught  as  a  regular 
branch  of  study  to  pupils  above  the  third  grade  in  public 
schools ;  and,  in  grades  above  the  fifth,  text-books  treating  of 
the  effects  of  alcohol  and  narcotics  on  the  human  system  shall 
be  used.  This  section  shall  apply  to  classes  in  ungraded  schools 
corresponding  to  the  grades  designated  herein,  but  shall  not 
include  high  schools.  Normal  and  teachers'  training  schools 
shall  give  instruction  on  the  subjects  prescribed  in  this  section 
and  concerning  the  best  method  of  teaching  the  same.2 

§  46  Whenever  the  comptroller  shall  be  satisfied  that  any 
town  or  district  has  failed  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of 
§  45,  he  may  withhold  from  such  town  or  district  the  whole  or 
any  part  of  the  school  dividend.3 

§  47  Any  town  at  its  annual  meeting  may  direct  the 
school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or  board  of  education 
to  purchase,  at  the  expense  of  said  town,  the  text-books  and 
other  school  supplies  used  in  the  public  schools  of  said  town, 
and  said  text-books  and  supplies  shall  be  loaned  to  the  pupils 
of  said  public  schools  free  of  charge,  subject  to  such  rules  and 
regulations  as  the  school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or 
board  of  education  may  prescribe.4 

§  48  Any  town  at  its  annual  meeting  may  direct  the 
school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or  board  of  educa- 
tion to  purchase,  at  the  expense  of  said  town,  the  text-books 


1  s 


55  H7 


§  233 


130 


19 

and  other  school  supplies  used  in  the  public  schools  of  said 
town,  and  said  text-books  and  supplies  shall  be  loaned  to 
the  pupils  of  said  public  schools  free  of  charge,  subject  to 
such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  school  visitors,  town 
school  committee,  or  board  of  education  may  prescribe. 
Whenever  twenty  legal  voters  shall  so  petition,  the  vote  to  de- 
termine whether  the  said  school  officers  shall  purchase  text- 
books and  supplies  as  hereinbefore  provided  shall  be  by  ballot, 
and  every  ballot  cast  shall  be  inclosed  in  the  official  envelope 
provided  for  ballots  for  town  officers.1  Those  electors  who 
are  in  favor  of  directing  said  school  officers  to  so  purchase 
text-books  and  supplies  shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words 
"  Free  text-books  Yes"  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  those 
who  are  opposed  shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Free 
text-books  No  "  written  or  printed  thereon.  The  ballots  cast 
shall  be  examined,  sorted,  and  recorded,  and  the  result  de- 
clared in  the  manner  provided  by  law,  and  if  the  majority  of 
the  ballots  so  given  in  bear  the  words  "  Free  text-books  Yes/' 
said  school  officers  shall  purchase  such  text-books  and  supplies 
as  hereinbefore  provided.2 

§  49     Whenever  an  acting  school  visitor  shall  find  that  any  G  s  uc  sm 
pupils  in  the  public  schools  are  not  supplied  with  the  prescribed     1897  ch  ** 
text-books,  and  in  the  opinion  of  said  acting  school  visitor  the 
parents  of  the  pupils  are  unable  to  buy  the  required  books3  the  be  provided  by 
said  acting  visitor  shall  purchase  the  said  books,  and  shall   own 
certify  the  cost  of  the  same  to  the  selectmen,  or  the  town  school 
committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  who  shall  draw  an  order  on  the 
town  treasurer  for  the  payment  of  the  bill. 

§  50     Every  town   in   which   a   school   has  been  discon- ^  en  10  §1 
tinued4,  or  in  which  two  or  more  school  districts  have  been 

1  §  1634  of  the  general  statutes  relating  to  envelopes  was  repealed  by  §  27 
of  chapter  250  of  the  public  acts  of  1909. 

*The  general  assembly  of  1905  passed  an  act  concerning  free  text-books 
and  school  supplies  as  follows  : — 

Every  town  which  has  not  heretofore  directed  its  school  visitors,  town 
school  committee,  or  board  of  education  to  purchase,  at  the  expense  of  the 
town,  the  text-books  and  other  school  supplies  used  in  the  public  schools  of 
said  town  shall,  at  its  annual  town  meeting  in  1905,  vote  by  ballot  to  determine 
whether  the  said  school  officers  shall  purchase  text-books  and  supplies  under  the 
provisions  of  section  2135  of  the  general  statutes.  At  the  said  annual  town 
meeting  in  1905,  the  selectmen  shall  provide  a  ballot  box  plainly  marked  "  free 
text-books,"  and  in  towns  divided  into  wards  or  voting  districts,  for  annual 
town  meetings,  a  ballot  box  marked  as  aforesaid  shall  be  provided  at  each  of 
such  wards  or  voting  districts.  Those  electors  who  are  in  favor  of  directing 
the  said  school  officers  to  purchase  text-books  and  supplies  under  the  provisions 
of  said  section  shall  deposit  in  said  ballot  box  a  ballot  with  the  words  ' '  free 
text-books  yes "  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  those  who  are  opposed  shall 
deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "free  text-books  no"  written  or  printed  thereon. 
The  ballots  cast  shall  be  examined,  sorted,  and  counted,  and  the  result  declared, 
in  the  manner  provided  by  law,  and  if  a  majority  of  the  ballots  so  given  in,  have 

3  §§  116  196  *  §§  40  52  53  262 

2 


1911  ch  173 


20 


School  accom- 
modations by 
transportation 
or  otherwise 


Hearing 


1903  ch  210  §2 
Appeal 


Towns  to 
furnish  by  trans- 
portation or 
otherwise 
school  accom- 
modations to 
children 

1909  ch  116  §1 


consolidated,  shall  furnish,  whenever  necessary,  by  transporta- 
tion or  otherwise,  school  accommodations  so  that  every  child 
over  seven  and  under  sixteen  years  of  age  can  attend  school  as 
required  in  section  i8f.  If  any  town  refuses  or  neglects  to  fur- 
nish such  accommodations,  the  parent  or  guardian  of  any  child 
who  is  deprived  of  schooling,  or  any  agent  or  officer  whose  duty 
it  is  to  compel  the  observance  of  the  laws  concerning  attendance 
at  school,  may,  in  writing,  request  a  hearing  by  the  town  school 
committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  education,  as 
the  case  may  be,  and  said  officers  shall  give  such  person  a  hear- 
ing within  ten  days  after  receipt  of  his  written  request  therefor, 
and  shall  make  a  rinding  within  ten  days  after  said  hearing. 

§  51  Any  parent,  guardian,  or  officer  aggrieved  by  said 
finding  may  take  an  appeal  therefrom  to  the  board  of  selectmen, 
which  shall  give  a  public  hearing  in  the  town  in  which  the 
cause  of  complaint  arises.  If  it  appears  that  any  child  is 
illegally  or  unreasonably  deprived  of  schooling,  said  board  shall 
require  the  proper  school  officer  to  make  arrangements  to  enable 
the  parent  or  guardian  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  sec- 
tion 18. 

§  52  Every  town  shall  furnish,  by  transportation  or  other- 
wise, school  accommodations  so  that  every  child  over  seven 
and  under  sixteen  years  of  age  can  attend  school  as  required 
in  section  18.  If  any  town  refuses  or  neglects  to  furnish  such 
accommodations,  the  parent  or  guardian  of  any  child  who  is 
deprived  of  schooling,  or  any  agent  or  officer  whose  duty  it 
is  to  compel  the  observance  of  the  laws  concerning  attendance 

the  words  "free  textbooks  yes,"  said  school  officers  shall  purchase  such  text- 
books and  supplies  under  the  provisions  of  said  section. 

Under  the  provisions  of  this  act  72  towns  voted  yes  and  45  no.  The  towns 
now  supplying  free  text  books  are: — 

Andover  -  Avon  -  Barkhamsted  -  Beacon  Falls  -  Berlin  -  Bethany -Bethel  - 
Bloomfield  -  Bolton  -  Branford  -  Bridgeport  -  Bridgewater  -  Brookfield  - 
Canaan  -  Chatham  -  Cheshire  -  Chester  -  Clinton  -  Colebrook  -  Columbia  - 
Cornwall  -  Cromwell  -  Darien  -  Eastford  -  East  Granby  -  East  Haddam  -  East 
Hartford  -  East  Haven  -  East  Lyme  -  East  Windsor  -  Ellington  -  Enfield  -  Es- 
sex -  Fairfield  -  Farmington  -  Franklin  -  Glastonbury  -  Goshen  -  Granby  - 
Greenwich  -  Griswold  -  Groton  -  Guilford  -  Haddam  -  Hamden  -  Hartford  - 
Hartland  -  Harwinton  -  Huntington  -  Kent  -  Killingly  -  Killingworth  -  Lis- 
bon -  Litchfield  -  Lyme  -  Manchester  -  Marlborough  -  Meriden  -  Middlefield 
-  Montville  -  Morris  -  Naugatuck  -  New  Britain  -  New  Canaan  -  New  Hart- 
ford -  New  Haven  -  Newington  -  New  London  -  New  Milford  -  Newtown  - 
Norfolk  -  North  Branford  -  North  Canaan  -  North  Haven  -  Norwalk  -  Nor- 
wich (Town  street  dist)  -  Old  Lyme  -  Old  Saybrook  -  Orange-  Oxford  -  Plain- 
field  -  Plainville  -  Plymouth  -  Pomfret  -  Prospect  -  Putnam  -  Redding  - 
Rocky  Hill  -  Roxbury  -  Salisbury  -  Saybrook  -  Scotland  -  Seymour  -  Sharon 
Simsbury  - Somers  -  Southbury  -  South  Windsor  -  Sprague  -  Stafford  -Stam- 
ford -  Sterling  -  Stonington  -  Stratford  -  Suffield  -  Thomaston  -  Thompson  - 
Tolland  -  Union  -  Vernon  -  Voluntown  -  Wallingford  -  Washington  -Water- 
bury  -  Waterford  -  Watertown  -  Westbrook  -  West  Hartford  -  Weston  - 
Westport  -  Willington  -  Wilton  -  Windsor  -  Wolcott  -  Woodbridge. 


21 

at  school,  may  in  writing  request  a  hearing  by  the  town  school 
committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  education,  as 
the  case  may  be,  and  said  officers  shall  give  such  person  a 
hearing  within  ten  days  after  receipt  of  written  request  there- 
for and  shall  make  a  finding  within  ten  days  after  said 
hearing.1 

§  53    Any  parent,  guardian,  or  officer  aggrieved  by  such  1909chll6^ 
finding  may  take  an  appeal  therefrom  to  the  state  board  of  Appeal 
education,  which  shall  give  a  public  hearing  in  the  town  in 
which  the  cause  of  complaint  arises.     If  it  appears  that  any 
child  is  illegally  or  unreasonably  deprived  of  schooling,  said 
board  shall  request  the  proper  school  officer  to  make  arrange- 
ments to  enable  the  parent  or  guardian  to  comply  with  the 
provisions  of  section  18.     If  such  school  officer  does  not  take 
action  upon  request  within  one  month  from  receipt  thereof, 
and  no  suitable  provision  is  made  for  children  deprived  of  Forfeiture 
schooling,  there  shall  be  a  forfeiture  of  the  money  appropriated 
by  the  state  for  the  support  of  schools   amounting  to  two 
dollars  and  twenty-five  cents  for  each  child  for  every  week 
such  child  is  deprived  of  schooling.2 

§  54     Except  as  provided  in  §  205,  the  selectmen  shall  have  QSseetm 
the  management  of  any  property  pertaining  to  schools  and  be-  Rev?888§27i8« 
longing  to  the  town ;  shall  lodge  with  the  treasurer  all  bonds,  JJJJJJJ^J, 
leases,  notes,  and  other  securities,  which  have  not  been,  or  shall 
not  be,  intrusted  to  others  by  the  grantor,  the  general  assembly, 
or  the  town ;  shall  pay  to  the  treasurer  all  money  which  they 
may  collect  and  receive  for  the  use  of  schools.     They  shall 
cause  the  boundary  lines  of  school  districts  to  be  entered  on  the 
records  of  the  town,  designate  the  time,  place,  and  object  of 
holding  the  first  meeting  in  a  new  district,  and  shall  perform 
all  other  lawful  acts  required  of  them  by  the  town,  or  necessary 
to  carry  into  full  effect  the  powers  of  towns  with  regard  to 
schools.3 

§  55     The  governor  shall  annually,  in  the  spring,  designate  ossecuusa 
by  official  proclamation  an  arbor  and  bird  day,  to  be  observed  Rev  1888  §1756 
in  the  schools,  and  in  such  other  way  as  shall  be  indicated  in  A^^d14 
such  proclamation.  bird  day 

§  56     The  governor  shall  annually,  in  the  spring,  designate  ossecziuo 
by  official  proclamation  the  fourteenth  day  of  June  as  flag  day  Jj^^Jte1* 
and  suitable  exercises  having-  reference  to  the  adoption  of  the  Fiag-day 
national  flag  shall  be  had  in  the  public  schools  on  that  day  or 
in  case  that  day  shall  not  be  a  school  day  on  the  school  day 
preceding  or  on  such  other  days  as  the  school  visitors,  board 
of  education  or  town  school  committee  shall  prescribe. 

1  §  50       2  §§  51  262       3  §  149 


22 


G  S  sec  2 139 
1893  ch  203  §1 

Flags  for 
schbolhouses 


G  S  sec  tlhl 
1897  ch  99 

Penalty  for 
selectmen 
neglecting  to 
provide  flag 


G  S  sec  2187 

1856 
Rev  1888  §2125 


School  fund 
treasurer 


GS  sec  1795 

1831  1832  1865 

1885 

Rev  1888  §33 

1901  ch  10 


1907  Chap  138 

Sec  1 
Warnings  of 
town  city 
borough  and 
other  meetings 


§  57  The  selectmen  shall  provide  every  schoolhouse  in 
which  a  school  is  maintained  within  their  respective  towns  with 
a  United  States  flag  of  silk  or  bunting,  not  less  than  four  feet  in 
length,  and  a  suitable  flagstaff,  or  other  arrangement  whereby 
such  flag  may  be  displayed  on  the  schoolhouse  grounds  every 
school  day  when  the  weather  will  permit,  and  on  the  inside  of 
the  schoolhouse  on  other  school  days,  and  renew  such  flag 
and  apparatus  when  necessary. 

§  58  If  any  board  of  selectmen  shall  wilfully  refuse  or 
neglect  to  provide  the  flag  or  apparatus  required  by  §  57,  or  to 
renew  such  flag  or  apparatus,  when  necessary,  for  a  period  of 
thirty  days  after  the  reception  by  them  of  written  notice  signed 
by  a  school  visitor,  a  member  of  the  town  school  committee  or 
board  of  education,  or  a  resident  of  the  school  district  in  which 
the  said  school  is  located,  that  said  schoolhouse  is  not  provided 
with  such  flag  or  apparatus,  or  that  such  flag  or  apparatus 
should  be  renewed,  each  of  such  board  of  selectmen  who  has 
so  received  notice  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten  dollars. 

§  59  Every  town  holding  any  permanent  funds  received 
from  any  school  society  or  district  shall  annually  elect,  by 
ballot,  a  school  fund  treasurer,  who  shall  have  charge  of  such 
funds,  keep  a  separate  account  of  the  same,  and  give  bonds, 
with  surety  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  selectmen,  for  the  faithful 
discharge  of  the  duties  of  his  office.1 

§  60  The  warning  of  every  town  meeting,  annual  or 
special,  and  of  every  meeting  of  a  city,  borough,  school  society, 
school  district,  or  other  public  community,  or  of  an  ecclesias- 
tical society,  or  of  proprietors  of  common  fields,  shall  specify 
the  objects  for  which  such  meeting  is  to  be  held.  Notice  of 
a  town  meeting  shall  be  given  by  setting  upon  the  signposts  in 
the  town  and  at  such  other  place  or  places  as  may  be  designated 
as  hereinafter  provided,  a  printed  or  written  warning  signed 
by  the  selectmen,  or  a  majority  of  them,  and  by  publishing 
a  like  warning  in  a  newspaper  published  in  said  town  or 
having  a  circulation  therein,  such  posting  and  such  publication 
to  be  at  least  five  days  previous  to  holding  the  meeting,  in- 
cluding the  day  that  notice  is  given,  but  not  including  the 
day  of  holding  said  meeting ;  but  any  town  may,  at  an  annual 
meeting,  designate  any  other  place  or  places,  in  addition  to 
the  signposts,  at  which  such  warnings  shall  be  set  up,  and  the 
selectmen  shall,  on  or  before  the  day  of  such  meeting,  cause 
a  copy  of  every  such  warning  to  be  left  with  the  town  clerk,  who 


1  8§ 


§^  101  210  253 


23 

shall  record  the  same.1  Notice  of  a  meeting  of  a  city,  borough, 
or  school  society  shall  be  given  by  setting  upon  the  signposts 
within  the  limits  of  such  city,  borough,  or  society,  or  at  such 
place  or  places  as  may  be  designated  by  special  charter  pro- 
vision, a  written  or  printed  warning  signed  by  the  mayor 
or  clerk  in  the  case  of  a  city,  the  warden  or  clerk  in  the  case 
of  a  borough,  and  the  committee,  or  a  majority  thereof,  in 
the  case  of  a  school  society,  and  by  publishing  a  like  warning 
in  a  newspaper  published  within  the  limits  of  such  city, 
borough,  or  school  society,  or  having  a  circulation  therein, 
at  least  five  days  previous  to  holding  the  meeting,  including 
the  day  that  notice  is  given  but  not  including  the  day  of 
holding  said  meeting ;  provided,  that  the  committee  of  a  school 
society  having  an  enumeration  of  less  than  one  hundred  may, 
on  giving  notice  by  posting,  in  its  discretion,  omit  the  publi- 
cation of  the  warning  in  a  newspaper  as  above  prescribed. 

The  person  who  posts,  causes  to  be  published,  or  in  any  »« ch  195 
other  manner  gives  notice  of  the  warning  for  any  meeting  of  a  ing tobemade 
town,  city,  borough,  school  society,  school  district,  or  other  sch^^istrict 
public  community,  or  of  an  ecclesiastical  society,  or  of  proprie-  f^g80ther  meet" 
tors  of  common  fields,  shall  make  return,  in  writing,  to  the 
person  whose  duty  it  is  to  keep  a  record  of  such  meeting, 
showing  the  notice  given  »f  such  warning,  and  such  return 
shall  be  kept  on  file,  and  recorded  at  length  with  the  warning 
or  doings  of  such  meeting. 

1  Both  warning  and  notice  are  requisite  for  legal  meeting.  4  Day  62;  5 
Conn  391;  37  Conn  392;  44  Conn  157;  52  Conn  483;  5S  Conn  488;  60  Conn  165. 

Warning  is  to  be  affirmatively  proved.  8  Conn  247.  Town  clerk's  record 
that  meeting  was  legally  warned  is  prima  facie  evidence  thereof.     25  Conn  555. 

The  hour  of  meeting  presumed  to  be  a  proper  hour.     13  Conn  227. 

The  notice  should  fairly  state  the  purpose  of  meeting.  13  Conn  227;  15 
Conn  327;  36  Conn  83;  53  Conn  577;  58  Conn  488. 

The  town  may  act  within  the  limits  of  the  warning.     55  Conn  245. 

The  statute  prescribed  method  of  notice,  while  by  its  vote  the  society  pre- 
scribed more  general  notice. 

Held  that  the  society  vote  was  merely  directory.     15  Conn  327. 

A  validating  act  of  the  general  assembly  cures  all  defects  incident  to  the 
act  validated.     52  Conn  45. 

Town  has  no  inherent  legal  powers.     32  Conn  47. 

The  warning  needs  no  address,  but  addressed  "to  the  inhabitants  "  is  valid. 
32  Conn  47. 

Clerk's  certificate  imports  verity  only  as  to  matters  of  lawful  consideration. 
44  Conn  158;  51  Conn  22. 

Five  days  before  the  meeting,  means  five  days  before  the  day  of  meeting. 
51  Conn  22. 

A  meeting  illegally  warned  voted  a  guarantee;  a  subsequent  legal  meeting 
voted  "to  let  conditions  of  former  vote  remain  as  they  now  stand." 

Held  not  to  be  a  ratification.     51  Conn  22. 

The  town  is  not  stopped  by  erroneous  record  of  town  clerk,  as  against  one 
acting  under  it.     51  Conn  22. 

Meeting  voted  to  adjourn  "to  Wednesday  evening";  held  to  mean  the 
next  Wednesday.     52  Conn  45. 

Town  may  by  acquiescence  ratify  unauthorized  act  of  selectmen.  59  Conn 
447- 


24 


G  S  sec  2151 

1856 
Rev  1888  §2127 
Debts  of  school 
societies;  liabil- 
ity of  towns 

G  S  sec  2152 
1856  1860 
Rev  1888  §2128 

Records  of 
school  societies 


GS  sec  2153 

1856 
Rev  1888  §2129 


Property  of 
school  societies 


G  Ssec215U 
1856  1857  1878 
Rev  1888  §2130 
1889  ch  47  §3 


Chapter  IV 

Transfer  of  the  Property  and  Obligations  of  School  Societies  to 

Towns 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  133,  page  565 

§  61  All  debts,  obligations,  or  pecuniary  trusts,  of  any 
school  society,  heretofore  existing,  which  pertain  to  schools, 
shall  remain  in  force  against  the  town  or  towns  in  which  such 
society  was  situated. 

§  62  The  records  of  school  societies  shall  be  deposited  and 
forever  kept  with  the  records  of  the  towns  in  which  such 
societies  were  situated ;  and  where  any  school  society  lay  within 
the  limits  of  two  or  more  towns,  with  the  records  of  the  town  in 
which  the  greater  part  of  its  territory  lay;  and  said  records, 
whether  they  appear  to  have  been  made  at  a  meeting  held  in 
pursuance  of  a  warning  or  otherwise,  or  whether  informal  or 
otherwise,  provided  the  same  can  be  clearly  understood,  are 
validated  and  confirmed.1 

§  63  All  property  heretofore  held  for  school  purposes  by 
school  societies  shall  vest  in  the  towns  in  which  such  societies 
were  situated,  to  be  held  by  such  towns  for  the  same  purposes. 
Where  there  were  two  or  more  school  societies  in  a  town,  any 
of  which  had  a  permanent  fund  for  the  support  of  schools,  such 
fund  shall  be  held  in  trust  by  said  town,  for  the  support  of 
schools  for  the  inhabitants  of  the  territory  formerly  embraced 
within  such  society ;  and  where  any  school  society  lay  within  the 
limits  of  two  or  more  towns,  and  had  any  permanent  fund,  it 
shall  be  divided  between  such  towns,  and  each  shall  hold  its 
portion  in  trust  for  the  support  of  schools  for  the  inhabitants 
of  that  portion  of  such  society  lying  within  its  limits ;  and  the 
indebtedness  of  any  such  society  shall  be  apportioned  in  the 
same  manner  between  said  towns.  Such  distribution  or  appor- 
tionment shall  be  made  by  the  selectmen  of  said  towns  and  if 
they  cannot  agree,  then  upon  application  of  the  selectmen  of 
either  town,  and  notice  to  the  other,  by  a  committee  of  three 
disinterested  persons  appointed  by  the  superior  court  in  the 
county  in  which  either  town  is  situated,  who  shall  report  to  said 
court,  which  report,  when  accepted,  shall  be  final ;  and  such 
agreement  or  report  shall  be  recorded  upon  the  records  of  each 
town.2 

§  64  School  societies  heretofore  organized  under  the  act 
of  1855,  entitled  "An  act  in  addition  to  and  in  alteration  of  an 
act  concerning  education,"  which  are  not  coextensive  with  the 
towns  in  which  they  are  situated,  shall  be  and  remain  school 

1  Effect  of  statute  illustrated.     55  Conn  144. 

8  Property  held  in  trust  by  bequest  not  affected  by  the  statute.     39  Conn  63 


25 

districts  of  said  towns,  with  all  the  powers  and  duties  of  school  Boards  of  edu- 

,.-...  -r     ,    •      ,1  •      .-,<      -,  cation;  powers 

districts,  as  specified  in  this  title,  and  duties 

Except  that  each  shall  annually  choose  on  the  third  Monday 
of  September,  instead  of  a  district  committee,  a  board  of  educa- 
tion consisting  of  six  or  nine  persons,  who  shall  be  chosen  by 
ballot,  one-third  to  be  chosen  each  year,  to  serve  for  three  years 
and  until  others  are  elected  in  their  places.  That  number  of 
persons  sufficient  to  fill  the  board  who  have  the  highest  number 
of  votes  shall  be  elected. 

Said  board  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all 
the  duties  of  district  committees,2  and  shall  also  have  the  gen- 
eral superintendence  of  the  public  schools  in  the  district  and  the 
management  of  its  property ; 

Shall  lodge  all  bonds,  leases,  notes,  and  other  securities,  with 
the  treasurer  of  said  district,  unless  the  same  have  been  in- 
trusted to  others  by  the  grantors,  or  the  general  assembly ; 

Pay  into  the  treasury  of  the  district  all  moneys  which  they 
may  receive  for  the  support  of  schools ; 

Determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the  scholars  to 
be  admitted  into  each  school ; 

Supply  the  requisite  number  of  qualified  teachers;3 

Ascertain  annually,  during  the  first  two  weeks  of  Septem- 
ber, the  expense  of  maintaining  the  schools  under  their  superin- 
tendence during  the  year  ending  the  fourteenth  day  of  the  pre- 
vious July,4  and  report  the  same,  with  the  amount  of  moneys 
received  towards  the  payment  thereof,  to  the  district,  at  a  meet- 
ing to  be  held  on  the  third  Monday  of  September  in  each  year ; 
shall,  at  the  same  time,  make  a  full  report  of  their  doings,  and 
the  condition  of  such  schools,  and  all  important  matters  con- 
cerning the  same ; 

And  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  required  of  them  by  the 
district,  or  necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  powers  and  duties 
herein  defined. 

All  existing  school  societies,  in  which  school  districts  have 
been  or  may  be  abolished,  may  avail  themselves  of  the  privi-  9  8  see  ties 
leges  specified  in  this  section.5  Revisssjaisi 

Special  laws  relating  to  particular  societies  or  districts  shall 
not  be  affected  by  this  section.6 

1  Chapter  xi  page  48 

2  Chapter  xiii  page  62         3  §§  40  124  4  §  255 

5  Districts  which  availed  themselves  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  were 
city  district  of  New  Haven  (see  page  141),  Westville  district  of  New  Haven, 
Middletown  city  district,  Norwich  central  district,  Norwich  town  street  district, 
Norwich  Falls  district,  Waterbury  city  district  (see  page  158).  For  Orange 
union  district  (see  page  155)  New  Haven  and  Waterbury  are  now  managed 
under  special  charters.  The  town  of  Norwich  has  consolidated  its  districts 
under  Chapter  136  of  the  general  statutes. 

6  See  chapter  xxvii  page  118 


26 


Property  not 
affected  by  this 
title 

G  S  sec  $156 

1868 
Rev  1888  |3188 

Powers  of  board 
of  educ 


GS  gee  2167 

1858 
Rev  1888  §2133 


Apportionment 
of  public  money 


G  S  $ec  S1S8 

1885 
Rev  1888  §2134 


Procedure  in 
electing  boards 
of  education 


§  65  The  property  of  the  school  societies  specified  in 
§  64  shall  not  be  affected  by  the  provisions  of  this  title. 

§  66  The  board  of  education,  appointed  by  any  school 
district  organized  under  the  provisions  of  §  64,  shall,  within 
said  district,  possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the 
duties  of  school  visitors  in  the  several  towns  j1 

Shall  make  their  annual  report  to  the  secretary  of  the  state 
board  of  education,  and  send  their  returns  and  certificates  di- 
rectly to  the  comptroller ; 

May  appoint  an  acting  school  visitor  in  said  district,  who 
shall  possess,  within  said  district,  all  the  powers  and  be  subject 
to  all  the  duties  of  similar  officers  appointed  by  school  visitors.2 
The  authority  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  in 
which  said  district  is  situated  shall  extend  only  to  the  remain- 
ing portion  of  said  town ;  and  their  returns  and  certificates 
shall   include   only   the   children   of   such   remaining  portion. 

§  67  The  comptroller,  on  application  of  the  board  of  edu- 
cation of  such  district,  shall  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer  in 
favor  of  such  district  for  the  proportionate  amount  to  which 
such  district  may  be  entitled  of  all  moneys  appropriated  by  law 
for  the  benefit,  support,  and  encouragement  of  public  schools, 
as  is  provided  in  respect  to  towns  ;3  and  the  town  in  which  said 
district  is  situated  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  only  its  propor- 
tionate amount  of  such  public  money  for  the  children  in  the 
remaining  portion  of  said  town. 

§  68  In  every  school  district  in  which  a  board  of  educa- 
tion is  required  by  law  to  be  elected  by  ballot,  the  ballot  boxes 
shall  be  open  for  the  reception  of  votes,  in  districts  having  less 
than  four  hundred  voters,  three  hours  and  not  longer;  in  dis- 
tricts having  over  four  hundred  and  less  than  one  thousand 
voters,  five  hours  and  not  longer ;  and  no  box  for  the  reception 
of  ballots  shall  remain  open  later  than  half  past  eight  in  the 
afternoon  of  the  dav  of  such  election. 


Chapter  V 
High  Schools 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  13S,  page  582 

GSsecsm  §  69     Any  town  may  establish  and  maintain  a  high  school 

Rev  188? §2215     within  its  limits,  and  for  such  purposes  purchase,  receive,  hold, 
see  §§2130  2145    an(j  conver   anv  property,  build  and  repair  schoolhouses,  lay 
ifshedbyBtownB   taxes,  and  make  contracts  and  adopt  regulations  for  the  man- 
agement of  such  school.4 

1  Chapter  ix  page  35         2  §  120 

8  §  246         4  For  organization  of  Norwalk  high  school  sec  page  154 


27 

§  70     Any  town  which  is  not  a  consolidated  district  may  GSsecmi 
choose  by  ballot  at  its  annual  town  meeting  a  committee1  of  ReviKBsasw 
three,  four,  or  five  residents  of  the  town,  who  shall  have  all  such    ^f^1]^ 
powers  and  be  subject  to  such  duties  in  relation  to  such  schools  „       P2 

,        ,  .  ,  ,.  .  .  Committee  how 

as  are  by  law  imposed  upon  district  committees  in  relation  to  chosen 
district  schools.2  If  the  number  to  be  chosen  is  three  or  four, 
no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two;  if  five,  for  not  more 
than  three.  The  number  of  persons  sufficient  to  fill  the  com- 
mittee who  have  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall  be  elected. 
In  case  of  a  tie  that  person  whose  name  stands  first  or  highest 
on  the  greatest  number  of  ballots  shall  be  elected. 

§  71     When  any  town  shall  maintain  any  such  high  school,  q  s  secsm 
the  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee,  as  the      KXifSL* 
case  may  be,  shall  prescribe  rules  for  the  admission  of  scholars,     ibs9  ch  i8i 
and  for  their  studies,  books,  and  classification ;  152 

Examine  all  candidates  for  teachers  in  such  school  and  give  Duties  of  town 
to  those  of  satisfactory  moral  character,  literary  attainments,  mitteeand" 
and  ability  to  teach,  a  certificate  stating  what  branches  they  are  8ch°o1  visitors 
found  capable  of  teaching ; 

Visit  such  school  at  least  twice  during  each  term ; 

May  revoke  the  certificate  of  any  teacher,  at  any  time,  for  the 
causes  provided  in  §  233. 

In  towns  having  no  town  school  committee  the  school 
visitors  may  appoint  a  high  school  committee  whenever  the 
town  fails  to  elect  one ;  and  such  committee,  so  appointed,  shall 
have  the  same  powers  and  duties  as  if  appointed  by  the  town.3 

§  72     Any  town  in  which  a  high  school  is  not  maintained  gs  sec  2229 
shall  pay  the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  any  child  1897ch349$1 
who  resides  with  his  parents  or  guardian  in  said  town,  and 
who,  with  the  written  consent  of  the  school  visitors,  or  town  X^y'town* 
school  committee,  attends  a  high  school  in  another  town,  pro- 
vided that  the  high  school  shall  be  approved  by  the  state  board 
of  education.     Such  tuition  fees  shall  be  paid  annually  by  the 
town  treasurer  upon  the  order  of  the  chairman  of  the  board  of 
school  visitors  or  town  school  committee. 

§  73     Every  town  shall  annually  in  July  receive  from  the  as  sec  mo 
treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  two-thirds  of  the  ag-  ^Jg^Jf^2 
gregate  of  the  sums  which  have  been  actually  paid  by  the  town     1901  ch  36 
for  tuition  fees  under  the  provisions  of  §  72 ;  provided  that  not 
more  than  thirty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the  state  for  each  ine^?Ey ™5U . 
scholar  attending  from  any  town. 

§  74     The  number  and  names  of  the  children  so  attend-  Q  s  gec  ml 
ing  high  schools  in  towns  other  than  those  in  which  they  reside,  1897  ch  249  §3 

1  §  101       9  Chapter  xiii  page  62     May  employ  and  dismiss  teachers      §  124 
*  §§  69  101 


28 

Number  and  and  the  high  schools  which  they  have  attended,  shall,  on  or 
drraeto°bere!"  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year,  be  certified  under  oath 
5^r!e<L^         by  an  acting-  school  visitor  or  the  secretary  of  the  town  school 

1911 CU  14d  *  .  r      t  •  1-11  -i 

committee  ot  the  town  in  which  the  pupils  reside  to  the  state 

board  of  education.1     The  comptroller  shall,  on  application  of 

said  board,  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  the  town 

for  the  amount  provided  in  §  73. 

1903  cb  187  §  75     The  state  board  of  education  may  examine  any  in- 

aSd°endowed      corporated  or  endowed  high  school  or  academy  in  this  state, 

mfybeapproved  anci>  **  it:  aPPears  tnat  said  school  or  academy  has  a  satisfactory 

of eduwtSon4     high  scn0°^  course  of  study  and  sufficient  equipment  for  high 

school   instruction,   said  board   shall   approve  said  school   or 

academy  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  any  town  in 

which  a  high  school  is  not  maintained  shall  pay  the  whole 

1907  cb  90    •      or  a  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  scholars  attending  such  school 

or  academy,  and  such  town  shall  be  reimbursed  therefor  by 

the  state  under  the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  chapter. 

1903  cb  i82$i  §  ^     ^J  town  "in  which  a  high  school  is  not  maintained 

shall  pay  the  reasonable  and  necessary  cost  of  railway  or  other 

costoftranspor-  transportation  of  any  child  who  resides  with  his  parents  or 

tation  must  be  .  J  t  .  r 

paid  by  town      guardian  in  said  town  and  who,  with  the  written  consent  of  the 
school  visitors  or  town  school  committee,  attends  a  high  school 
in  another  town ;  provided,  that  such  high  school  be  approved 
by  the  state  board  of  education.     Such  necessary  and  reason- 
able  cost   of   railway   or   other   transportation   shall   be   paid 
annually  by  the  town  treasurer  upon  the  order  of  the  chairman 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee. 
§  77     Every  town  shall,  annually,  in  July,  receive  from  the 
1903  ch  182  p      treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  one-half  of  the  ag- 
Town  reim-        gregate  of  the  sums  which  have  actually  been  paid  by  the  town 
bursed  in  part     f  or  transportation  under  the  provisions  of  §  76  ;  provided,  that 
not  more  than  twenty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the  state  for 
each  scholar  conveyed. 

§  78     The'  number  and  names   of  the   children  so  con- 
1903  ch  182  §3      veyed  tQ  high  schoois  in  towns  other  than  those  in  which  they 

Report  to  state    resi(*e,  tne  names  of  the  high  schools  which  they  have  at- 
board  of  educa-  tended,  and  the  amount  paid  by  the  town  for  the  conveyance  of 
each  child  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year, 
be  certified  to  the  state  board  of  education  by  an  acting  school 
visitor,  under  oath,  of  the  town  in  which  the  children  reside. 
Order  On  application  of  said  board  the  comptroller  shall  draw  an 

order  on  the  treasurer  of  the  state  in  favor  of  the  town  for  the 
amount  provided  in  §  jy. 

■  '  Blanks  are  furnished  by  state  board  of  education  ;  see  note  §  2 


29 

§  79     Any  town  in  which  a  high   school  is  maintained  ^Xnm^y pro- 
may,  at  any  annual  or  special  meeting,  authorize  and  instruct  vide  for  trans- 
the  high  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  town  school  pupils 
school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  to  provide  for  the  trans- 
portation, to  and  from  such  school,  of  any  pupil  attending 
such  school  and  residing  within  the  limits  of  such  town,  or  pay 
the   whole   or  a   part   of  the   reasonable   and   necessary   cost 
thereof. 

Chapter  VI 
Evening  Schools 

General  statutes  chapter  132  page  563 

§  80     Every  town  and  school  district  having  ten  thousand1  gs seems 
or  more  inhabitants  shall  establish  and  maintain  evening  schools  Revissspna 
for  the  instruction  of  persons  over  fourteen  years  of  age,  in  i8959ch°2iofi 
such  branches  as  the  proper  school  authorities  of  the  town  or      ^oo^chT 
district  shall  prescribe  ;2  and  on  petition  of  at  least  twenty  per-  Evening  school 
sons  over  fourteen  years  of  age  for  instruction  in  any  study  inlarsetowns 
usually  taught  in  a  high  school,  which  persons,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or  board 
of   education   are   competent   to   pursue   high   school    studies, 
said  town  or  district  shall  provide  for  such  instruction ;  but  this 
section  shall  not  apply  to  a  district  located  in  a  town  which 
maintains  such  schools. 

§  81     Boards  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committees,  G8*ecim 
or  boards  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  provide  rooms,  Revi83?§2i38 
examine,  employ,  and  pay,  the  teachers,  and  shall  have  all  the  J^l^l'27 1895 
powers  and  duties  in  relation  to  evening  schools  that  are  by  Management  of 
law  conferred  on  them  in  connection  with  day  schools.  evening  schools 

§  82     No  person  over  fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years  GSsecmi 
of  age,  who  cannot  read  and  write,  shall  be  employed  in  any  18959ch2i?7$3 
town  where  public  evening  schools  are  established  unless  he 
can  produce  every  school  month  of  twenty  days  a  certificate  Employment,  of 

e  ,1  ,  r  .  lit-  1         11  caiId  not  attend- 

from  the  teacher  of  an  evening  school  showing  that  he  has  at-  ing  evening 
tended  such  school  eighteen  consecutive  evenings  in  the  current  8C 
school  month,  and  is  a  regular  attendant.  Every  person  who 
shall  employ  a  child  contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars,  and  the  state  board  of 
education  shall  enforce  the  provisions  of  this  section  as  provided 
in  §  27. 

1  The  following  towns  are  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  (census 
of  1910) : 

Ansonia  -  Bridgeport  -  Bristol  -  Danbury  -  Greenwich  -  Hartford  -  Man- 
chester -  Meriden  -  Middletown  -  Naugatuck  -  New  Britain  -  New  Haven  -  New 
London  -  Norwalk  -  Norwich-  Orange  -  Stamford  -  Torrington  -  Wallingford  - 
Waterbury  -  Windham 

2  §40 


30 


G  S  sec  flllS 

1885 

Rev  1888 

§§2139,  2140 

1893  ch  227 

1895  ch  210  §4 


Public  money 
for  evening 
schools 


G  S  sec  tm 

1885 
Rev  1888  §2119 

1893  ch  227 
1895  ch  210  §6 
Establishment 
of  evening 
schools  in 
smaller  towns 

G  S  sec  2159 
1895  ch  210  §5 


When  towns 
may  be  relieved 
from  establish- 
ing 


§  83  The  board  of  school  visitors,  or  town  school  com- 
mittee, as  the  case  may  be,  of  any  town  or  the  board  of  education 
in  any  district,  wherein  such  evening  schools  are  established  and 
maintained,  shall  annually,  on  the  first  Monday  in  July,  certify 
to  the  comptroller  the  average  number  of  scholars  attending 
such  schools  within  the  current  school  year,  and  the  comptroller 
shall  thereupon  draw  his  order  on  the  treasurer  of  the  state 
in  favor  of  such  board  of  education,  board  of  school  visitors,  or 
town  school  committee,  for  the  use  of  such  schools,  in  the  sum  of 
two  dollars  and  a  quarter  for  each  scholar  included  in  the 
number  so  certified,  and  the  treasurer  shall  pay  the  same  upon 
presentation.  No  money  shall  be  paid  under  the  provisions  of 
this  section  unless  such  evening  schools  have  been  maintained 
for  at  least  seventy-five  sessions  in  each  school  year,  nor  until 
the  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  education,  or  town  school 
committee  has  reported  to  the  state  board  of  education  concern- 
ing the  condition  and  progress  of  said  schools.1 

§  84  Any  town  of  less  than  ten  thousand  inhabitants  may 
at  its  annual  town  meeting,  or  at  a  meeting  warned  for  that 
purpose,  vote  to  establish  evening  schools  under  the  provisions 
of  §§  80,  81,  and  83. 

§  85  If  any  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  education, 
or  town  school  committee,  shall  deem  it  inexpedient  or  impracti- 
cable to  establish  a  school  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter 
and  shall,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  October  in  any  year, 
apply  in  writing  to  the  state  board  of  education  to  be  relieved 
from  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  if  said  board  shall,  upon 
investigation,  find  the  application  to  be  reasonable,  and  shall  so 
state  in  writing,  the  town  or  district  so  applying  by  its  board  of 
visitors,  board  of  education,  or  town  school  committee,  shall 
not  be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  §  80  until  the  beginning  of 
the  school  year  following  the  date  of  the  application. 


1909  ch  85  §1 
Trade  school 
established 


Admission 


Chapter  VII 
Free   Public   Schools  for   Instruction  in  the  Principles  and  Practice 

of  Trades. 

§  86  The  state  board  of  education  is  hereby  authorized 
and  directed  to  establish  in  each  of  the  two  towns  in  the  state 
which  may  seem  to  said  board  tfest  adapted  for  the  purpose, 
a  free  public  day  and  evening  school,  for  instruction  in  the 
arts  and  practices  of  trades,  and  said  board  may  make  regula- 
tions covering  the  admittance  of  scholars,  but  no  person  shall 
be  admitted  to  schools  established  under  the  provisions  of  this 

1  Blanks  are  furnished  :  see  note  §  2 


3i 

act  under  fourteen  years  of  age ;  provided,  however,  that,  dur- 
ing vacations,  said  board  may  admit  children  under  fourteen 
years  of  age. 

§  87     The  state  board  of  education  shall  expend  the  funds    1909  en  se  §2 
provided  for  the  support  of  trade  schools,  appoint  and  remove 
their  teachers,  make  rules   for  their  management,   and  shall  Reponement , 
file  semi-annually  with  the  comptroller,  to  be  audited  by  him, 
a  statement  of  expenses  on  account  of  such  schools,  and  shall 
annually  make  to  the  governor  a  report  of  the  condition  of 
such  schools  and  the  doings  of  said  board  in  connection  there- 
with.    Said  board  may  enter  into  arrangements  with  manu- 
facturing and  mechanical  establishments  in  which  pupils  of  Half-time 
such  trade  schools  may  have  opportunity  to  obtain  half-time  Practice 
practice,  and  may  also  enter  into  and  make  arrangements  with 
schools  already  established  for  instruction  in  trades  approved 
by  said  board  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

§  88     When  such  schools  are  established  under  the  pro-    1909Ch85§3 
visions  of  this  act,  the  state  board  of  education  may  construct  gj^Jg8 
buildings,  or  hire,  temporarily,  rooms  in  which  such  schools 
shall  be  housed,  and  said  board  shall  be  authorized  to  expend 
not  more  than  fifty  thousand  dollars,  annually,  for  the  purpose 
of  erecting  buildings  and  maintaining  such  schools. 

§  89     Any  town   in   which   a  trade   school   is   established     ifl09ch85§4 

,  .    .  r  ••!_  Towiib  may 

under  the  provisions  of  this  act  may  contribute  any  sum  prop-  contribute 
erly  voted  therefor  to  the  enlargement  of  such  school,  and 
for  the  improvement  of  its  efficiency. 


Chapter  VIII 
Schools  at  Temporary  Homes 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  16S,  page  717 

§Tt-  •  t    1  G  S  sec  2800 

90     lne  necessary  extra  expense  incurred  by  any  town  isse 

or  school  district  in  providing  school  accommodations  and  in-  ixtri^penS 
struction  for  the  inmates  of  any  temporary  homes  located  ^^rhdiam 
therein  shall  be  paid  by  the  county.  county 

§  91     The  board  of  managers  of  temporary  homes  in  any  GSsecssoi 
county  shall  be  the  judge  of  what  are  necessary  extra  expenses,  Rcvi888§86M 
under  §  90  for  school  accommodations  and  instruction  for  in- 
mates of  temporary  homes  located  therein,  and  no  such  ex-  S™£eJsl°flx 
pense  shall  be  allowed  or  collected  of  such  county  unless  it  Penses 
shall  have  been  incurred  with  the  approval  of  such  board,  nor 
until  the  account  of  the  same  shall  have  been  audited  and  ap- 
proved by  such  board. 


32 


1903  ch  800 

Children  in 
county  homes, 
how  enumerated 


GS  sec  2259 
1895  ch  222  §2 


Establishment 
of  schools 


O  S  sec  2260 
1895  ch  222  §3 


Employment  of 
teachers 


1905  ch  50  §1 


State  board  of 
education  may 
provide  books 


§  92  Children  committed  to  county  homes  shall  be  enu- 
merated in  the  towns  or  districts  in  which  said  county  homes 
are  located,  but  children  placed  by  the  officers  of  said  homes  in 
families  shall  be  enumerated  only  in  the  towns  or  districts  in 
which  said  families  reside.  The  enumerator  of  the  town  or 
district  in  which  the  county  home  is  located  shall  make  a  sep- 
arate list  of  the  children  in  the  county  home  and  certify  said 
list  to  the  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee  as  the  case 
may  be. 

§  93  The  county  commissioners  may  establish  schools  at 
the  county  homes  if  in  their  opinion  it  is  for  the  interest  of  the 
children.  In  case  the  county  commissioners  establish  and 
maintain  such  a  school  in  any  county  the  treasurer  of  the  town 
in  which  the  school  is  located  shall  pay  to  the  county  commis- 
sioners from  the  amount  paid  to  the  town  by  the  comptroller 
that  proportionate  part  which  was  derived  from  the  enumera- 
tion of  the  children  in  the  county  home.  Said  commissioners 
shall  apply  the  sum  so  determined  to  the  payment  of  teachers, 
and  to  no  other  purpose.  Said  schools  shall  be  open  during  the 
same  days,  hours,  and  terms  as  the  schools  in  the  district  or 
town  in  which  the  school  is  located,  and  the  branches  taught 
shall  be  those  prescribed  by  the  proper  school  officers  for  the 
schools  of  the  town. 

§  94  The  county  commissioners  may  employ  and  pay  as 
teachers  of  the  schools  at  the  county  homes  persons  found 
qualified  as  provided  in  this  section,  and  shall  provide  books 
for  the  children  and  apparatus  for  teaching.  The  state  board 
of  education  shall  examine  the  persons  employed  by  the  county 
commissioners,  and  if  the  candidates  are  found  qualified  in  re- 
spect of  character,  education,  and  teaching  ability,  may  give 
them  certificates  authorizing  them  to  teach  in  said  schools,  and 
said  board  may  revoke  such  certificates,  and  the  county  com- 
missioners shall  not  employ  any  person  who  does  not  hold  such 
certificate.  The  said  board  shall  appoint  an  acting  visitor  or 
visitors,1  who  shall  inspect  and  examine  said  schools  at  least 
twice  in  each  term,  and  the  county  commissioners  shall  not 
pay  any  teacher  nor  maintain  said  school  unless  said  acting 
visitor  shall  certify  in  writing  that  said  school  has  been  for 
each  month  kept  in  conformity  to  law. 

§  95  The  state  board  of  education,  or  a  committee  ap- 
pointed by  said  board,  may  provide  books  and  apparatus  to 
be  used  at  or  in  any  of  the  public  schools  in  charge  of  said 
board  at  county  temporary  homes,  at  an  expense  not  exceed- 
ing in  any  year  the  amount  hereinafter  authorized. 

1  §120 


33 

§  96  The  treasurer  of  the  state,  upon  the  order  of  the  i905cn50§2 
secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education,  shall  annually  pay 
said  state  board  of  education  ten  dollars  for  each  public  school  defrayed 
within  such  temporary  homes  in  charge  of  said  board,  for 
which  such  books  or  apparatus  are  provided,  and  if  the  number 
of  scholars  in  any  such  school  exceeds  one  hundred,  the  treas- 
urer shall  pay  to  said  board  ten  dollars  for  each  one  hundred 
or  fractional  part  of  one  hundred  scholars  in  actual  attend- 
ance at  said  school. 

§  97  In  case  children  are  placed  by  county  commissioners  1903  ch  211  §1 
in  homes  in  towns  other  than  the  town  in  which  the  county 
home  is  located,  the  school  visitors,  town  school  committee,  or  of^^eTe^ 
board  of  education  of  the  town  in  which  said  children  are  andTowT1*7 
placed  shall  ascertain  the  cost  of  maintaining  the  school  or 
schools  in  which  said  children  attend  for  the  year  ending  the 
fourteenth  of  the  preceding  July,  and,  having  deducted  from 
this  amount  the  sums  received  by  the  town  for  said  children 
during  said  year  from  the  state  appropriation,  shall  apportion 
the  remainder  of  the  cost  of  said  school  or  schools  between  the 
town  and  the  county  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  persons 
between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years  as  ascertained  by 
the  enumeration  made  in  the  October  preceding  and  shall  pre- 
sent a  copy  of  said  apportionment  to  the  county  commissioners, 
and  the  county  commissioners  shall  cause  the  proportionate  ex- 
pense of  said  children  located  in  families  to  be  paid  to  the  town 
in  which  said  children  are  placed. 

§  98     Whenever  the  town   wholly   maintains   the   school  1903  ch  211  §2 
at  the  county  home  in  any  county,  the  board  of  school  visitors,  when  county 
town  school  committee,  or  board  of  education  of  said  town  Sj>ei£«yw 
shall  ascertain  the  expense  of  said  school  at  the  county  home 
as  provided  in  §  97  of  this  act,  and  shall  certify  the  expense 
to  the  county  commissioners,  who  shall  pay  the  whole  amount 
so  certified. 

§  99     Whenever,  hereafter,  any  child  from  a  county  tern-  i907chios  §1 
porary  home  shall  be  placed  by  the  board  of  management  of  ment^tweelT 
such  county  home  in  a  private  family,  in  accordance  with  the  Jjj^jj  ™^n* 
provisions  of  the  general  statutes,  the  responsible  person  re-  gf^cfiw?06^" 
ceiving  such  child  shall  execute  in  duplicate  a  written  agree- 
ment with  the  board  of  management  of  the  county  home  con- 
cerned, substantially  in  the  following  form:     In  consideration 
of  receiving  a  child,  (name)  ,  age  years,  into  my 

family  home  from  the  county  temporary  home,  I 

,  of  the  city,  town  of  ,  do  hereby  agree  with  the 


34 

board  of  management  of  said  county  temporary  home, 

that  so  long  as  said  child  shall  be  within  the  care  of  my  family, 
(i)  Said  child  shall  be  given  sufficient  and  suitable  food, 
clothing  and  bed,  and  medical  attendance  when  necessary,  and 
shall  not  be  required  to  perform  an  amount  of  labor  unsuitable 
for  his  age  or  strength. 

(2)  Said  child  shall  be  given  full  opportunity  to  attend 
school  during  the  terms  and  hours  prescribed  by  the  laws  of  the 
state  and  the  rules  of  the  state  board  of  education. 

(3)  Said  child  shall  be  given  full  opportunity  to  attend 
religious  services  and  receive  instruction  in  the  faith  of  his 
parents,  when  that  is  known. 

(4)  Notice  shall  be  given  to  said  county  temporary 
home  of  any  change  of  residence  of  my  family  or  of  said  child 
within  three  days  after  such  change. 

(5)  The  name  of  said  child  shall  not  be  changed  except 
by  the  approval  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  county  home 
and  by  application  to  the  superior  court,  as  provided  by  §  551 
of  the  general  statutes,  and  notice  shall  be  given  to  said 
county  temporary  home  whenever  such  change  of  name  is 
made. 

A  B 

(Town  or  city) 
(District  or  street) 
(Date) 

One  copy  of  such  agreement  shall  be  retained  by  the  person 

receiving  such  child,  and  the  other  copy  placed  and  kept  on 

file  at  the  county  temporary  home. 

1907  ch  108  §2  §  I0°     P^ted  forms  for  the  agreement  provided  for  in 

Forms  to  be       section  99  shall  be  furnished  by  the  comptroller,  at  the  expense 

comjtroiie?       of  the  state,  to  the  boards  of  management  of  the  temporary 

homes  in  the  several  counties. 


35 

Chapter  IX 
Town  School  Officers1 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  134,  page  567  Q  s  sec  1S08 

§  101     Agents  of  town  deposit  funds,2  .     .    .    high  school    RevHssgit 
committees,3   school   visitors,4   town   school   committees,5   and  is^89^1^ 
library  directors6  shall  be  voted  for  by  ballot;  but  all  other    ign.'^m 
town  officers  provided  for  by  law  shall  be  appointed  by  the     i903cni62 
board  of  selectmen  of  the  several  towns'  respectively.  Appointment 

1  Town  school  officers  must  be  elected  at  annual  town  meeting     See  §§109 
203;  also  town  library  directors     §  2S4 

2  §  274         3  §  70         In  towns  having  no  town  school  committee  the  high 
school  committee  may  in  certain  cases  be  appointed  by  school  visitors     §71 

4  §§110-115         6  §§  202  203  223         6  §§  283  284 

1  Powers  and  duties  of  selectmen  in  connection  with 

1  Enforcement  of  laws  relating  to  attendance 

a  approve  commitment  of  truants  to  Connecticut  School  for  Boys    §  34 

b  allow  fees  of  truant  officers     §  35 

c  appoint  special  constables  on  nomination  of  school  visitors     §  39 

2  Boundary  lines  of  districts     §  149 

3  District  meetings 

a  determine  in  certain  cases  place  of  meeting  when  there  is  no  school- 
house     §  161 
b  give  notice  of  meeting  if  no  district  officers     §  162 
c   call  meeting  of  new  district     §170 

4  Consolidated  districts 

a  shall  appraise  property  in  case  of  joint  districts  §§  209  228 
b  shall  give  notice  of  consolidation  to  adjoining  towns  §  213 
c  may  call  special  meetings  to  close  up  affairs  of  abolished  districts 

%  214 
d  shall  lay  tax  and  pay  debts  after  consolidation     §  215 
e  shall  collect  all  dues  and  demands  in  favor  of  abolished  districts 

§  216 
f  determine  amounts  to  be  paid  by  districts  to  town  on  abandonment 

of  union  system  and  lay  tax  if  necessary     §  217 
g  shall  provide  ballot  boxes  for  election  in  certain  cases     §  200 

5  Estimates 

shall  in  joint  board  meeting  make  preliminary  estimates    §  254 

6  Appropriations 

a  shall  in  joint  board  meeting  fix  amounts  for  respective  districts 
§256 

b  may  as  joint  board  with  school  visitors  appropriate  money  for  libra- 
ries    §  240 

c  shall  as  joint  board  report  cost  for  preceding  year  to  town  meeting 
§  256 

d  shall  in  joint  board  meeting  pass  upon  cost  of  school  in  excess  of 
appropriation     §  258 

e  shall  cause  sums  due  joint  districts  to  be  paid     §  265 

/  shall  give  order  for  money  in  case  of  district  neglecting  to  open 
school     §  178 

7  Taxation 

act  with  assessors  as  board  of  relief     §  191 

8  Manage  property  of  town  in  certain  cases     §  54 

9  Provide  flags     §§5758 

10  Hear  appeals  when  school  discontinued    §  50 

11  Take  bond  of  school  treasurer     §  59;    and  treasurer  of  town  deposit 

fund    §  273 

12  Fill  vacancies  in  certain  cases    §§104    108 


36 

Any  town  at  a  town  meeting  duly  warned  for  the  purpose, 
may  pass  votes  determining,  within  the  limits  by  law  provided, 
the  number  of  its  officers  and  prescribing  the  mode  in  which 
they  shall  be  voted  for  at  subsequent  meetings,  but  no  altera- 
tion of  such  number  shall  take  effect  until  after  the  adjournment 
of  the  meeting  by  which  it  was  adopted. 
&Sseiiw9  §  I02     ^n  all  elections  of  town  officers  a  plurality  of  the 

Rev  1888  §46       votes  cast  shall  be  sufficient  to  elect,  unless  it  is  otherwise  ex- 

Plurality  of  rotes  ,  •  1     1   i        -i         i 

to  elect  pressly  provided  by  law.1 

GSHm<z9  §  I03     The  town  clerks  of  the  several  towns  shall,  within 

Rev  1888  §54  ten  days  after  the  election  of  such  officers,  return  to  the  secre- 
tary of  state  the  names  of  the  persons  elected  to  the  offices  of 

Returns  bv town  •     *     *     scn°o1  visitors,  or  school  committee  with  date  of  ex- 

derk  of  election  piration  of  term.  .  .  .  Every  town  clerk  neglecting  to 
make  such  return  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five 
dollars. 

qs  sec  me  §  104     The  terms  of  office  of  all  elective  town  officers,  when 

sspTiw       not  otherwise  prescribed,  shall  be  for  one  year  from  the  date 

Rev  1888  §43      Qf  their  election,  and  the  terms  of  those  appointed  by  the  board 

official  terms  of  of  selectmen  shall  expire  on  the  day  of  the  annual  town  meeting: 

town  officers  , .  ,     ;  .  '     „ 

next  succeeding  their  appointment.2 
gs seems  §  105     .     .     .     Any  person  elected  to  any  other  town  office 

1672, 1724, 1851  t^dn  t^?t  0f  assessor  or  town  clerk,  and  accepting  the  same,  or 
Rev  1888  §57  not  declaring-  his  refusal  to  accept,  who  shall  neglect  to  per- 
Penaities  for  re-  *orm  tne  duties  0f  the  office,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten 
or peffonnce?1  dollars '  and  any  person  elected  to  any  town  office  to  which  he 
tain  duties  is  eligible,  who  shall  refuse  to  accept  the  same  and  take  the 

oath  prescribed  by  law,  shall,  unless  he  has  reasonable  excuse 
for  such  refusal,  be  fined  five  dollars.     .     .     .     Every  mod- 
erator of  a  town  meeting  who  shall  neglect  to  make  any  return 
required  by  law  shall  be  fined  twenty  dollars. 
1907  ch  e  §  106     Any  person  claiming  to  have  been  elected     .     .     . 

e&oni^o^    t0  any  town,  city,  or  borough  office,  but  not  so  declared,  may, 
contested  within  sixty  days  after  the  time  of  holding  the  election,  bring 

his  petition  to  any  judge  of  the  superior  court,  alleging  the 
facts  on  which  such  claim  is  founded,  which  shall  be  served 
upon  the  party  against  whom  the  claim  is  made  at  least  six 
days  before  the  return  day,  and  returnable  not  more  than 
sixty-six  days  after  the  day  of  such  election,  and  such  judge 
shall  thereupon  hear  and  determine  said  petition,  and  his 
decision  thereon  shall  be  conclusive,  and  if  in  favor  of  the  pe- 
titioner, his  certificate  to  that  effect,  under  the  seal  of  the  court, 
shall  entitle  the  petitioner  to  hold  and  exercise  the  duties  and 

1  See  §§  70  115  203  223  284    9  §§  101  109  no  203  223 


37 

powers  of  such  office ;  but  this  section  shall  not  affect  the  right 
of  appeal  to  the  supreme  court  of  errors  for  the  revision  of 
questions  of  law  arising  thereon,  and  it  shall  not  prevent  such 
judge  from  reserving  such  questions  of  law,  by  consent  of  all 
parties,  for  the  advice  of  said  supreme  court  of  errors.  And 
said  judge  may,  if  necessary,  issue  his  writ  of  mandamus,  re- 
quiring the  adverse  party  and  those  under  him  to  deliver  to 
the  petitioner  the  appurtenances  of  such  office,  and  shall  cause 
his  finding  and  decree  to  be  entered  on  the  records  of  said 
superior  court  in  the  proper  county. 

§  107     No  person  shall  be  ineligible  to  serve  as  a  member  qsmchus 
of  a  board  of  education,  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  Revi^L01 
committee,  or  district  committee,  or  be  disqualified  from  hold-  women  may  be 

,        (**  1  r  school  officers 

mg  such  office,  by  reason  of  sex. 

§  108     If  any  town  office  in  any  town  shall  be  vacant  by  the  o  ss«c  mu 
neglect  of  the  town  to  elect  or  appoint,  or  the  refusal  of  any    ^vls^ts 
person  appointed  to  act,  or  by  the  death  or  removal1  of  any 
person  appointed,  or  from  any  other  cause,  such  town,  if  such  fiiiedncle8  how 
office  is  an  elective  office,  may  in  legal  town  meeting  fill  the 
vacancy;  but  until  the  town  shall  fill  it,  such  vacancy  may  be 
filled  by  the  selectmen,  and  the  selectmen  shall  fill  all  vacancies 
that  may  arise  in  offices  to  which  they  have  power  of  appoint- 
ment.2 

§  109     There  shall  be  elected  by  every  town,  at  its  annual  oseecmou 
town  meeting,  such  number  of  school  visitors  as  such  town  is  ^g^J 
required  by  law  to  elect,  and  they  shall  be  elected  in  the  manner  school  visitors 
and  for  the  term  or  terms  by  law  prescribed.3 

§110     There  shall  be  in  every  town,  unless  otherwise  pro-  osteetist 
vided,  a  board  of  school  visitors,4  composed  of  three,  six,  or  im  1875  lsrr 
nine  members,  as  such  town  may  determine,  divided  into  three  ^sKlil91 
equal  classes ;  the  first  class  shall  hold  office  until  the  next 
annual  town  meeting,  the  second  class  until  the  second  annual 
town  meeting,  and  the  third  class  until  the  third  annual  town 
meeting  following,  and  until  others  are  elected  in  their  places, 
provided,  that  when  said  board  is  composed  of  only  three  mem- 
bers, they  shall  not  be  divided  into  classes,  and  shall  be  elected 
for  three  years.     Should  a  vacancy  occur,  the  remaining  mem- 
bers  of  the  board  may  fill  it  till  the  next  annual  town  meeting,  school  visitor* 
when  vacancies  shall  be  filled  in  the  manner  prescribed  in 
§  115,  and  the  ballots  shall  distinctly  specify  the  vacancy  to  be 
filled. 

1  Removal  means  removal  from  the  town     19  Conn  334 
5  This  section  does  not  apply  to  town  high  school  committees    §§  70  101  no 
3  See  §  101         4  When  a  school  district  is  organized  under  chapter  iv  the 
school  visitors  are  elected  for  the  remaining  portion  of  the  town 


38 


1909  ch  68 

biennial 
election  of 
school  officers 


Vacancies 


1907  cb  39  §  1 
When  number 
of  town  school 
committee  is 
changed,  how 
elected 


1907  ch  39  1 2 
When  number 
is  reduced  by 
resignation, 
how  elected 


§  in  Whenever,  in  towns  holding  biennial  elections  as 
provided  in  chapter  22J  of  the  public  acts  of  1907,1  town  school 
committees  or  boards  of  school  visitors  are  divided  into  classes 
under  the  provisions  of  sections  no  and  203,  at  the  next  town 
meeting  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  at  each  biennial 
town  meeting  thereafter,  there  shall  be  elected  a  number 
sufficient  to  fill  two  classes.  On  the  ballots  shall  be  printed 
or  written,  above  the  names  constituting  each  class,  the  words 
"town  school  committee"  or  "board  of  school  visitors,"  as 
the  case  may  be,  and  directly  underneath  said  words  shall  be 
written  or  printed  the  words  "terms  begin  in  (the  figures 
designating  the  year)."  Whenever  the  number  of  the  town 
school  committee  shall  be  three,  who  are  to  hold  office  for 
one  year  as  provided  in  section  202,  on  the  ballots  above  such 
three  names  shall  be  printed  or  written  the  words  "town 
school  committee  "  and,  directly  underneath,  the  words  "  terms 
begin  in  (the  figures  designating  the  year),"  and  above  the 
second  three  names  shall  be  written  or  printed  the  words 
"  terms  begin  in  (the  figures  designating  the  year.)"  Whenever 
any  vacancy  occurs,  a  majority  of  the  remaining  members  may 
fill  the  vacancy  until  the  next  town  meeting.  Whenever  a 
vacancy  is  to  be  filled  by  election,  on  the  ballots  used  at  such 
election  shall  be  printed  or  written  the  words  "  town  school 
committee  "  or  "  board  of  school  visitors,"  as  the  case  may 
be,  and,  directly  underneath,  the  words  "  vacancy  (one  or  two 
years,  as  the  case  may  be)."2 

§  112  Whenever  any  town  shall  have  voted,  in  the 
manner  provided  by  law,  to  change  the  number  of  members  of 
its  town  school  committee  or  board  of  school  visitors  from  six 
to  three,  no  members  of  such  committee  or  such  board  shall  be 
elected  at  the  first  annual  town  meeting  after  the  adjournment 
of  the  meeting  at  which  the  number  was  so  fixed  at  three.  At 
the  second  annual  town  meeting  one  member  of  such  committee 
or  such  board  shall  be  elected  to  serve  one  year,  and  at  the  third 
annual  town  meeting  three  members  thereof  shall  be  elected. 
Whenever  any  town  shall  have  voted  to  change  the  number  of 
said  school  officers  from  nine  to  three,  or  from  twelve  to  three, 
no  members  of  such  committee  or  such  board  shall  be  elected  at 
the  first  and  second  annual  town  meetings  after  the  number 
has  been  so  determined,  and  at  the  third  annual  town  meeting 
three  members  thereof  shall  be  elected. 

§  113  Whenever  a  town  shall  have  so  voted  to  reduce 
the  number  of  members  of  its  town  school  committee  or  board 

1  See  note  1  page  66 
5  See  §  342 


39 

of  school  visitors  to  three,  and  by  resignation  the  number  shall, 
before  the  next  annual  town  meeting  after  the  adjournment 
of  the  meeting  at  which  the  number  was  fixed  at  three,  be 
reduced  to  three,  the  terms  of  office  of  the  remaining  members 
shall  terminate  at  said  annual  town  meeting,  and  the  town 
shall  thereupon  elect,  at  said  meeting,  three  members  of  such 
committee  or  such  board. 

§  114     The  provisions  of  section  203  which  relate  to  the  i907ch89§3 
election  and  term  of  office  of  a  town  school  committee  of  three  ETomce 
members  shall  apply  in  like  manner  to  the  election  and  term 
of  office  of  the  officers  provided  for  by  §§  111-113. 

§  115     School  visitors  shall  be  chosen  by  ballot.     If  the  oauctm 
number  to  be  chosen  be  two,  four,  six,  or  eight,  no  person  shall  EeviW§2i22 
vote  for  more  than  half  of  such  number.     If-  the  number  to  be 
chosen  be  three,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two ;  if  five,  jShoofviStow 
not  more  than  three ;  if  seven,  not  more  than  four ;  if  nine,  not 
more  than  five.     That  number  of  persons  sufficient  to  fill  the 
board,  who  have  the  highest  number  of  votes,  shall  be  elected. 
In  case  of  a  tie  that  person  whose  name  stands  first  or  highest 
on  the  greatest  number  of  ballots  shall  be  elected. 

§  116  The  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  com-  o  a  sec  am 
mittee  shall  annually  choose  from  their  number  a  chairman  and  }§viS7§2i36 
they  shall  also  annually  choose  a  secretary,  either  from  their 

J ,  ,  ...  r      .  .  ....  1911  ch  143 

number  or  from  the  citizens  of  the  town  in  which  they  are 
elected. 

They  shall  prescribe  rules1  for  the  management,  studies,1  ^|g8of  board 
classification,  and  discipline  of  the  public  schools,  or  committee 

And,  subject  to  the  control  of  the  state  board  of  education, 
the  text-books  to  be  used  ;3 

Shall  make  proper  rules  for  the  arrangement,  use,  and  safe- 
keeping, within  their  respective  jurisdictions,  of  the  school 
libraries  provided  in  part  by  the  state,  and  approve  the  books 
selected  therefor;4 

They  shall  approve  plans  for  schoolhouses,5 

And  superintend  any  high6  or  graded  school,  in  the  manner 
specified  in  this  title. 

§  117     The  chairman  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or  of  aasecsm 
the  town  school  committee  or,  in  case  of  his  absence  or  in-  Revl48a§2i42 
ability  to  act,  the  secretary,  shall  call  a  meeting  of  the  board 
at  least  once  every  six  months*  and  whenever  he  deems  it 

1  Rules  as  to  attendance  see  §  18 

In  the  absence  of  rules  prescribed  by  the  school  board  or  other  proper 
authority  the  teacher  may  make  all  necessary  and  proper  rules  for  the  regula- 
tion of  the  school     53  Conn  481 

2  §  40         3  §§  2  130 

4  Chap  xvii  page  81         5  §  180        6  Chap  v  page  26  §  71 


40 

necessary  or  is  requested  in  writing  so  to  do  by  three  of  its 
Meetings  of  members.  If  no  meeting  is  called  within  fourteen  days  after 
mSxee°TCOm'     sucn  a  re(luest  nas  been  made,  one  may  be  called  by  any  three 

members,  by  giving  the  usual  written  notice  to  the  others. 

1  Powers  and  duties  not  given  above  are  stated  in  connection  with  the  fo  1- 
lowing 

1  Vacancies  in  district  offices     §174 

2  Enforcement  of  laws  relating  to 

a  employment  of  children     §§  7  29  30 
b  attendance 

grant  leaving  certificates     §  20 

nominate  to  selectmen  persons  to  be  appointed  special  constables 
§39 

3  Normal  school 

shall  assist  in  selection  of  students    §  14 

4  Returns  to  school  visitors  by 

a  district  committee  of  beginning  and  close  of  term,  enumeration, 
enumeration  in  parts  of  joint  districts,  receipts,  expenditures, 
statistics,  etc  §  197  241  District  clerk  of  names  of  district 
officers     §  173 

5  School  buildings 

a  inspection    §120    Buildings  must  be  in  satisfactory  condition    §179 
b  may  fix  sites  on  application  of  district  of  adjoining  town     §181 

6  Enumeration  and  distribution  of  state  grants 

a  shall  make  enumeration  if  committee  fails     §  241  242 

b  shall  examine  returns  of  enumeration     §  243 

c  shall  lodge  returns  with  town  treasurer     §  243 

d  shall  make  returns  to  comptroller     §  243 

e  shall  certify  to  comptroller  that  schools  have  been  kept  according 

to  law     §  246 
/  shall  withhold  certificate  if  schools  have  not  been  kept  according  to 

law    §  250  «, 

7  Estimates 

a  shall  as  a  joint  board  with  selectmen  make  preliminary  estimates 
and  notify  committees     §  254 

b  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  present  estimates  to  town  meet- 
ing    §  256 

8  Appropriations 

a  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  fix  amounts  and  notify  each  dis- 
trict    §  256 

b  may  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  appropriate  moneys  for  school 
libraries     §  240 

9  Expenses 

a  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  report  cost  of  schools  for  pre- 
ceding year  to  town  meeting     §  256 

b  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  pass  upon  expenses  in  addition 
to  amounts  appropriated     §  258 

c  apportion  expenses  of  joint  districts  and  report  to  selectmen  of  each 
town     §§  128  265 

10  Payment  of  teachers 

shall  give  certificate  to  selectmen    that  schools  have  been   kept 
according  to  law     §  258 

1 1  Consolidated  districts 

on  abandonment  of  town  system  town  school  committee  remains 
board  of  visitors     §  219 

12  May  in  connection  with  committee  admit  nonresident  scholars  to  district 
schools    §  182 

13 


4i 

§  n8  The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  or  of  o a  team 
the  town  school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  keep  a  Revisssffitf 
record  of  all  its  proceedings  and  of  those  of  the  acting  school  Dnties  of  gecre. 
visitors,  in  a  book  which  he  shall  provide  for  that  purpose  at  tai'y 
the  expense  of  the  town ;  shall  submit  to  the  town  at  its  annual 
meeting  a  written  report  of  the  doings  of  the  board  or  com- 
mittee with  the  report  of  the  acting  school  visitors ;  and  on  or 
before  the  fifteenth  of  October  send  two  copies  of  said  reports 
to  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education ;  and  shall  fur- 
nish such  additional  returns  and  statistics  respecting  the  schools 
of  the  town  as  said  board  may  call  for.  And  if  the  returns  and 
statistics  called  for  by  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation shall  not  be  sent  to  him  on  or  before  said  fifteenth  of 
October,  then  every  town  and  every  school  district  required  by 
law  to  make  separate  returns,  whose  returns  and  statistics  shall 
be  negligently  delayed  till  after  that  day,  shall  forfeit  of  the 
sum  per  child  which  is  paid  from  the  state  treasury  one  per 
cent,  for  the  first  week  of  such  delay,  two  per  cent,  for  a  delay 
of  two  weeks,  three  per  cent,  for  a  delay  of  three  weeks,  five 
per  cent,  for  a  delay  of  four  weeks,  and  ten  per  cent,  for  a  delay 
exceeding  four  weeks.1 

§  119     The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall  g  a  tec  2170 
annually,  in  January,  give  to  the  comptroller,  in  writing,  a  list  Rev  1^2147 
of  the  towns  and  districts  which  have  incurred  the  forfeiture 
described  in  §  118,  with  the  percentage  of  forfeiture  in  each  {Jr4eit0urrtedt0 
case ;  and  the  comptroller,  in  making  payment  of  school  moneys 
aforesaid,  shall  deduct  the  amount  of  money  which  each  town 
or  district  shall  have  forfeited  under  the  provisions  of  said 
section. 

§  120     The  board  of  school  visitors,  the  town  school  com-  gs  tec  ties 
.mittee,  or  the  board  of  education,  shall  annually  assign  the  duty  rIvS^iS 
of  visiting  the  schools  of  the  town  to  one  or  more  of  their     *^3  c£'41.. 

1  1  1111  1111  •  «        *        .   •  Datiea  of  acting 

number,  who  shall  be  called  the  acting  school  visitor,  or  school  visitors 
visitors,2  and  who  shall  visit  such  schools  at  least  twice  during 
each  term,  once  within  four  weeks  after  the  opening,  and  again 
during  the  four  weeks  preceding  the  close ;  at  which  visit  the 
schoolhouse  and  outbuildings,  school  register,3  and  library4  shall 
be  examined,  and  the  studies,  discipline,  mode  of  teaching,  and 
general  condition  of  the  school  investigated.  Half  a  day  shall 
be  spent  in  each  school  so  visited,  unless  otherwise  directed. 
They  shall,  one  week  at  least  before  the  annual  town  meeting, 
submit  to  the  board  or  to  the  committee,  as  the  case  may  be, 
a  full  written  report  of  their  proceedings,  and  of  the  condition 
1  §  11  *  See  ch  x  page  45  '§238  4  ch  xvii  page  81 
14  May  make  complaint  to  board  of  health  when  sanitary  condition  f 
schoolhouse  is  ussatisfactory     §  305 


42 

of  the  several  schools  during  the  year  preceding,  with  plans 
and  suggestions  for  their  improvement. 
GSsecsm  §  i2i     Boards  of  education,  town  school  committees,  and 

Revl8S2144     boards  of  school  visitors  may  appoint  a  person,  not  one  of  their 
Actin?  school      own  number,  to  be  acting  school  visitor  or  superintendent1  of 
iitendenrt8uper"  schools,  who  shall  have  all  the  powers,  perform  all  the  duties, 
and  receive  the  pay  prescribed  by  law  for  acting  school  visitors. 
Any  town  at  its  annual  town  meeting,  or  at  a  special  meeting 
duly  called  for  that  purpose,  may  fix  the  compensation  of  the 
acting  school  visitor  or  superintendent.1 
os  sec  1,855  §  122     The  secretary  and  other  acting-  school  visitors  shall 

Rev  1888  §3734  receive  two  dollars  a  day  each  while  actually  employed,  and  a 
o^act^schooi  ^e  proportion  for  parts  of  days,  and  such  further  compensa- 
visitors  tion  as  their  respective  towns  may  fix  at  an  annual  meeting. 

oseecsm  §  123     School  visitors,  town  school  committees,  or  boards 

^Re^isss872     °*  education  shall,  as  a  board,  or  by  a  committee  by  them  ap- 
^1*222?      pointed,  examine  all  persons  desiring  to  teach  in  the  public 
18i9895^h53ol4      schools  \  and  give  to  those  with  whose  moral  character  and 
1901  ch  8i  §5      ability  they  are  satisfied,  if  found  qualified  to  teach  reading, 
writing,  arithmetic,  and  grammar,  the  rudiments  of  geography 
teachers;  certifl-  and  history,  and  the  rudiments  of  drawing  if  required,2  a  cer- 
tificate authorizing  the  holder  to  teach  in  any  public  school  in 
the  town  or  district  so  long  as  desired,  without  further  exami- 
nation unless  specially  ordered;  such  certificate  may  limit  the 
authority  to  teach  to  a  specified  time  or  in  a  specified  school. 
No  certificate  to  teach  in  grades  above  the  third  in  graded 
schools  nor  in  classes  corresponding  to  such  grades  in  un- 
graded schools  shall  be  granted  to  any  person  who  has  not 
passed  a  satisfactory  examination  in  hygiene,  including  the 
effects  of  alcohol  and  narcotics  on  health  and  character.3     If 
a  person  is  examined  and  found  qualified  to  teach  branches 
other  than  those  required  in  all  cases,  such  branches  shall  be 
named  in  his  certificate.     Said  certificate  shall  be  signed  by  a 
majority  of  the  board  or  committee  or  by  all  the  members  of  the 
committee  appointed  to  examine.     They  may  revoke  the  cer- 
tificates of  such  teachers  as  shall  at  any  time  be  found  incom- 
petent to  teach  or  to  manage  a  school,  or  fail  to  conform  to  their 
requirements.4 
GSseetm  ^  §  124     Town  school  committees,  boards  of  education,  and 

Rev  18886'  high  school  and  district  committees  unless  otherwise  directed 
2i§J?2?5528i°97  by  the  district  or  ordered  by  the  town,  shall  employ  and  dis- 
ls^chfwi.    m*ss  the  teachers  for  the  schools  of  their  respective  towns  or 

1  8£  135  139        2  See  §§  18  40        3  §  45 

4  General  certificate  of  teacher  is  sufficient  in  any  district  of  the  town  where 
issued     36  Conn  282 


43 

districts  j1  but  no  district  committee  shall  employ  a  teacher  for 
a  longer  period  of  time  than  that  for  which  he  may  have  been  May  ■ employ 
elected  without  first  obtaining,  at  a  meeting  of  said  district 
legally  called  for  that  purpose,  a  majority  vote  in  favor  of  such 
proposed  action.  Any  town,  unless  otherwise  provided,  may 
direct  the  school  visitors  to  employ  the  teachers  for  all  public 
schools  of  the  town  for  such  terms  of  the  schools  as  it  may 
specify. 

§  125    No  person  elected  to  the  office  of  school  visitor  osmcmm 
or  town  school  committee  shall  be  emploved  as  teacher  in  the  „ ,_ 

.  ,..,..  «  r     1  it   School  visitor 

town  where  he  is  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town  school  not  to  be  teacher 
committee.     If  any  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town  school 
committee  shall  be  employed,  contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this 
section,  the  office  of  school  visitor  or  town  school  committee  to 
which  he  was  elected  shall  become  vacant. 

§  126  The  selection  of  all  books  and  apparatus  under  QSeectm 
§  239  shall  be  made  or  approved  by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  state  grant 
or  the  town  school  committee,  which  shall  also  prescribe  the 
rules  for  their  management,  use,  and  safe-keeping.  The  books 
and  apparatus  purchased  under  the  provisions  of  §  240  shall 
remain  the  property  of  the  town  and  under  the  care  and  control 
of  the  library  committee. 

§  127     The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  commit-     QStecsm 
tee  or  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  make  re-  r^iS^uo" 
turns,  signed  by  the  chairman  and  secretary,  of  the  number  of     1899  ch  19 
persons  over  four  and  under  sixteen  years  of  age  in  their  re-  1907  ch  31  §3 
spective  towns,2  to  the  comptroller,  and  shall  in  said  returns 
specify  how  many  of  those  thus  returned  were  attending  some 
school,  public  or  private,  in  October  when  said  enumeration 
was  made,  and  how  many  were  not  so  attending;  how  many  Report to comp- 
of  those  who  were  not  attending  school  were  under  five  years  tro"er 
of  age,  how  many  were  over  five  and  under  seven,  how  many 
were  over  seven  and  under  fourteen,  and  how  many  were  over 
fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  the  chairman  and 
secretary  shall  draw  orders  on  him  for  the  public  money  due 

1  Teacher  may  be  discharged  by  the  district,  and  in  absence  of  action  by  the 
district  may  be  discharged  by  the  committee     33  Conn  304 

If  improperly  discharged  by  the  committee  the  district  may  compel  rein" 
statement     33  Conn  305  306 

Previous  to  enactment  of  §  198  a  teacher  might  be  employed  by  the  commit- 
tee for  a  period  extending  beyond  committee's  term  of  office.     36  Conn  282 

Is  not  a  public  officer  in  ordinary  sense  of  word  ;  his  wages  are  subject  to 
attachment     53  Conn  509 

Status  of  teacher  as  to  district    lb 

9  §§  241-243     Blanks  for  this  purpose  are  distributed  by  the  comptroller 


44 


O  S  sec  S168 
1856  1870  1879 
Rev  1888  §3145 

Certificate  to 
selectmen 


OS  sec  mi 


Rev  1888  §2148 

Report  of  name 
of  district  com- 
mittees and 
teachers 


O  S  sec  2160 
1872  1881  1887 
Rev  1888  $2136 

Change  of  text- 
books 


O  S  sec  S161 
1878  1882 
Rev  1888  §2137 
1899  ch  54  §1 

Vaccination  of 
school  children 


the  town  as  prescribed  in  chapter  xviii.1  No  town  shall  receive 
any  money  for  schools  from  the  state  treasury  unless  the  re- 
turns herein  required  are  made.2 

§  128  After  the  close  of  each  term  of  school  in  any  dis- 
trict the  school  visitors  shall  give  to  the  selectmen  a  certificate 
stating  whether  each  school  has  been  kept  in  all  respects  ac- 
cording to  law  or  not ;  and  shall,  in  connection  with  the  select- 
men, perform  the  duties  required  by  the  provisions  of  chapter 
xviii,  and  make  the  apportionment  required  in  the  case  of  dis- 
tricts formed  from  parts  of  two  or  more  towns,  as  prescribed  in 
§  265.* 

§  129  The  board  of  school  visitors  of  each  town  shall 
annually,  in  the  month  of  October,  return  to  the  secretary  of  the 
state  board  of  education,  the  names  and  post-office  addresses  of 
the  district  committees ;  and  within  four  weeks  from  the  be- 
ginning of  each  school  term  the  board  of  school  visitors  or  the 
town  school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  return  the 
name  and  post-office  address  of  each  teacher  employed  in  the 
public  schools  within  their  respective  towns. 

§  130  No  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committee, 
or  board  of  education  of  any  district  shall  change  any  text- 
books used  in  the  public  schools  except  by  a  two-thirds  vote 
of  all  the  members  of  the  board  or  committee,  notice  of  such 
intended  change  having  been  previously  given  at  a  meeting  of 
said  board  or  committee  held  at  least  one  week  previous  to  the 
vote  upon  such  change  ;3  but  the  board  of  education,  the  board 
of  school  visitors,  or  the  town  school  committee,  may,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  text-books  prescribed  according  to  the  provisions 
of  §  116,  prescribe  the  use  of  other  books  as  text-books  in  read- 
ing; provided,  such  additional  series  are  purchased  by  the 
district  or  town  and  the  use  thereof  furnished  free  to  the 
scholars.4 

§  131  The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  commit- 
tee, or  board  of  education,  may  require  every  child  to  be  vac- 
cinated before  being  permitted  to  attend  a  public  school  under 
its  jurisdiction.  If  the  parents  or  guardians  of  any  children 
are  unable  to  pay  for  such  vaccination,  the  expense  thereof 
shall,  on  the  recommendation  of  said  board  or  committee,  be 
paid  by  the  town.  Said  board  or  committee  may  exclude  from 
any  school  under  its  supervision  all  children  under  five  years  of 
age  whenever  in  its  judgment  the  interest  of  such  school  will  be 
thereby  promoted.5 

1  §  246       5  §§  264  267       3  §  47 

4  Supplementary  reading  books  not  reference  books  cannot  be  bought  with 
school  library  grant     see  §  239 

5  Statute  held  to  be  constitutional  and  a  reasonable  exercise  of  the  police 
power     65  Conn  183 


45 

§  132     All   school   officers   shall   preserve   all   books   and  GStecim 
documents   of  permanent  value  pertaining  to  schools   which  Rer  18^82149 
come  into  their  hands  by  virtue  of  their  offices,  and  transmit  Preserration  of 

.  J  books  and 

them  to  their  successors.  •  records 

§  133     All  reports  or  returns  required  to  be  made  by  a  ossecsm 
school  officer  on  oath  or  affirmation  may  be  affirmed  or  sworn  ReTl8S2i5i 
to  before  any  school  visitor,  member  of  a  town  school  com-  Reports  and  re- 
mittee, or  member  of  a  board  of  education.  8worn  to >T 


Chapter  X 
Supervision  of  Schools*  1903  en  195  51 

o  rr.1  ,  •  1  ,        r  1909  cb  225  §1 

§  134     The  town  school  committee  or  board  of  education 
or  board  of  school  visitors  of  any  town  may  choose  by  ballot  School  officers 
a  superintendent  of  schools2  and  may  fix  the  salary3  and  pre-  JSLtendentBby 
scribe  the  duties  of  said  superintendent,  which  shall  always  maJ°rIty  vote 
include  the  duties  of  acting  visitor  as  now  prescribed  by  law. 

1  Statements  made  by  a  district  superintendent  of  schools  in  his  official  report 
to  the  board  of  school  visitors,  concerning  the  efficiency  and  qualifications  of  the 
teachers  employed'in  the  district,  are  privileged  communications.     81  Conn  293 

It  is  not  essential,  in  order  to  invoke  the  protection  of  a  privileged  com- 
munication, that  the  defendant  should  have  had  what  might  seem  to  the  jury  to 
be  "  good  reasons"  or  "reasonable  grounds"  for  believing  the  statements  made 
by  him  were  true;  it  is  enough  if  he  honestly  believed  them  to  be  true  and  made 
them  in  good  faith  in  a  conscientious  desire  to  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office. 
Nor  is  it  necessary  to  such  privilege  that  the  defendant  should  prove  that 
statements  made  by  him  which  were  inevitably  detrimental  to  the  plaintiff  as  a 
school  teacher,  were  published  with  no  intention  or  purpose  on  his  part  to 
14  injure"  her     lb 

The  word  *'  injury,"  as  generally  used,  includes  any  act  or  omission  which 
harms  or  damages  another,  whether  justified  by  law  or  not     lb 

There  is  no  presumption  that  statements,  made  in  an  official  report  which  is 
in  the  nature  of  a  privileged  communication,  are  either  false  or  malicious     lb 

Declarations  indicative  of  an  existing  feeling  or  state  of  mind  respecting  an 
act  about  to  be  done  by  the  declarant,  if  made  naturally  and  under  circumstances 
devoid  of  suspicion,  are  admissible,  not  as  part  of  the  res  gestae,  but  as  relevant 
evidence  of  the  existence  of  the  fact  as  to  which  they  speak     lb 

The  fact  that  one  expressed  regret  or  sorrow  for  an  official  report  which  he 
was  about  to  make,  is  not  only  evidence  of  that  feeling  at  that  time,  but  also 
tends  to  show  that  the  same  feeling  attended  the  filing  of  his  report  a  few  days 
later     lb 

The  question  of  whether  evidence  is  or  is  not  too  remote  in  point  of  time, 
to  be  entitled  to  admission,  is  one  which  addresses  itself  to  the  sound  discretion 
of  the  trial  judge     lb 

That  evidence  is  legally  admissible  does  not  in  all  cases  necessarily  require 
its  admission     lb 

One  of  the  alleged  libelous  statements  in  the  present  case  was  that  the 
plaintiff  had  not  "  even  the  externals  of  refinement."  Held  that  an  instruction 
which  was  calculated  to  focus  the  attention  of  the  jury  upon  the  plaintiff's  appear- 
ance on  the  witness-stand  as  affording  them  the  best  evidence  to  determining 
whether,  several  months  before,  she  possessed  "  the  externals  of  refinement," 
was  erroneous  and  misleading     lb 

*§I2I  3§I22 


46 


1903  ch  195  §2 
1909  ch  225  §2 


district 


Committee 


A  majority  vote  of  all  the  members  of  the  committee  or  board 
shall  be  necessary  to  an  election.1 

§  135  Two  or  more  towns  together  employing  more  than 
thirty  and  not  more  than  fifty  teachers  may  unite,  by  vote 
of  the  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board 
of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  for  the  purpose  of  employing 
a  superintendent  of  schools,  and  towns  so  united  shall  form 
a  supervision  district.  The  town  school  committee,  board  of 
school  visitors,  or  board  of  education  of  towns  so  united  are 
hereby  authorized  to  make  all  arrangements,  agreements,  and 
organization  of  regulations  necessary  to  the  organization  and  maintenance  of 
a  supervision,  district.  Such  school  officers  of  each  of  the 
towns  constituting  a  separate  district  shall  appoint  one  of  their 
number  as  a  member  of  a  supervision  committee,  and  the  com- 
mittee so  appointed  shall  be  a  joint  committee  on  behalf  of  the 
several  towns  constituting  the  supervision  district.  Each 
town  shall  be  entitled  to  one  vote  in  such  joint  committee,  and 
such  joint  committee  may  employ  a  superintendent,  fix  and 
apportion  the  salary  of  such  superintendent,  and  manage  the 
affairs  of  such  district.  Every  district  organized  under  the 
provisions  of  this  section  shall  continue  three  years,  and  at 
the  end  of  three  years  any  town  may  dissolve  a  district  by 
withdrawal.  Notice  of  the  intent  to  withdraw  shall  be  given 
in  writing  to  the  other  towns  of  the  district  at  least  three 
months  before  the  termination  of  the  three  year  period.2 

§  136  The  secretary  of  each  town  school  committee,  board 
of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  education  taking  advantage  of 
section  135  shall,  annually,  on  or  before  the  fourteenth  day  of 
July,  certify  to  the  state  board  of  education  the  amount 
actually  paid  as  salary  to  the  superintendent  for  the  current 
school  year,  and,  whenever  a  superintendent  has  been  employed 
according  to  the  provisions  of  section  135,  the  comptroller 
shall,  upon  application  of  the  state  board  of  education,  draw 
an  order  on  the  treasurer  on  behalf  of  said  town  for  one-half 
the  sum  certified ;  provided,  that  not  more  than  eight  hundred 
dollars  be  paid  by  the  state  to  any  supervision  district  for 
one  year,  and  provided  that  no  supervision  district  shall  receive 
more  from  the  state  than  the  district  itself  has  paid  to  the 
superintendent. 

1  Towns  and  school  districts  having  supervisors  under  this  section  are  :  — 
Ansonia  -  Bloomfield  -  Branford  -  Bridgeport  -  Bristol  -  Chaplin  -  Danbury  - 
Darien  -  Derby  -East  Hartford  -  Glastonbury  -  Greenwich  -  Haddam  -  Hart- 
ford -  Huntington  -  Litchfield  -  Manchester  (gth  dist)  -  Meriden  -  Middletown 
(city  dist)  -  Naugfatuck  -  New  Britain  -  New  Canaan  -  New  Haven  -  New 
London  -  Norwalk  (South  Union)  (East)  -  Norwich  (Central)  (Greeneville)  (West 
Chelsea)  -  Orange  -  Plainfield  -  Putnam  -  Seymour  -  Stamford  -  Stonington  - 
Thomaston  -  Torrington  -  Wallingford  -  Wa'terbury  -  West  Hartford 

2  Districts  acting  under  this  section  are  :  —  Brooklyn  -  Killingly ;  Cheshire  - 
Southington;  Fairfield  -  Westport;  Manchester  -  South  Windsor;  Norfolk  - 
Winchester;  Windsor  -  Windsor  Locks 


Dissolution 


1903  ch  195  §3 


47 

§  137     No  person  shall  be  eligible  for  appointment  under  i903chi95§a 
section  135  who  has  not  had  at  least  five  years'  successful  superintendent 
experience  as  a  teacher  or  superintendent,  or  who  does  not 
hold  a  certificate  of  approval  by  the  state  board  of  education. 

§  138     The  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visi-  1909  en  225  §2 
tors,  or  board  of  education  of  any  town  employing  more  than  £°to% teacher* 
twenty  and  not  more  than  thirty  teachers  may  choose  by  ballot  superintendent 
a  superintendent  of  schools,  and  may  fix  his  salary  and  pre- 
scribe the  duties  of  such  superintendent,  which  shall  include 
the  duties  of  acting  school  visitor  as  now  prescribed  by  law. 
A  majority  vote  of  the  members  of  the  committee  or  board  Majority  vote  to 
shall  be  necessary  to  an  election.     No  person  shall  be  eligible  tend'ent1** n" 
for  appointment  under  this  section  who  does  not  hold  a  certifi-  Eligibility  of 
cate  of  approval  by  the  state  board  of  education.1  supenn 

§  139     Any  committee  or  board  appointing  a  superintend-  I909ch225§3 
ent  under  the  provisions  of  section  138  shall  annually,  on  or 
before  the  fourteenth  day  of  July,  certify  to  the  state  board 
of  education  the  amount  actually  paid  as  salary  to  the  super-  salary  otfeuper- 

t  f         1  t       «  t  .«  •  ,1  1     11    intendent  paid 

intendent  for  the  current  school  year,  and  the  comptroller  shall,  in  part  by  state 
upon  application  of  the  state  board  of  education,  draw  an  order 
on  the  treasurer  on  behalf  of  such  town  for  one-half  the  sum 
certified;  provided,  that  not  more  than  eight  hundred  dollars 
shall  be  paid  by  the  state  to  any  town  for  one  year;  and, 
provided,  that  no  town  shall  receive  more  from  the  state  than 
one-half  the  total  amount  actually  paid  as  salary  to  the  super- 
intendent. 

§  140     The  town   school   committee   or  board   of   school  }!J$  £{}  259 ' 6 
visitors  or  board  of  education  of  any  town  employing  not  more  i909ch225$4 

,  ,  .  .  i  1  1       r       1  •  Employment  of 

than  twenty  teachers  may  petition  the  state  board  of  education,  supervising 
or  such  town  may  by  vote  request  the  state  board  of  education,  having  not  more 
and  the  state  board  of  education  when  so  petitioned  or  re-  than  20  toacher* 
quested  is  hereby  authorized  to  appoint  and  fix  the  salary  of 
an  agent  who  shall  discharge  the  duties   of  superintendent, 
which  shall  include  the  duties  of  acting  visitor  as  now  pre- 
scribed  by   law.2      Supervising   agents   appointed   under   the 
provisions  of  this  section  may  be  assigned  by  the  state  board 
of  education  to  two  or  more  towns.3 

1  Towns  acting  under  this  section  are  : —  Hamden  -  Mil  ford  -  New  Mil- 
ford  -  Plymouth  -  Stratford 

2  §  120 

'  Towns  having  supervising  agents  under  this  section  are :  —  Ashford  - 
Avon  -  Barkhamsted  -  Beacon  Falls  -  Berlin  -  Bethany  -  Bethel  -  Bethlehem  - 
Bolton  -  Bridgewater  -  Brookfield  -  Burlington  -  Canterbury  -  Canton  -  Chat- 
ham -  Chester  -  Colchester  -  Colebrook  -  Columbia  -  Cornwall  -  Coventry  - 
Cromwell  -  Eastford  -  East  Granby  -  East  Lyme  -  Ellington  -  Farmington  - 
Franklin  -  Goshen  -  Granby  -  Haddam  -  Hampton  -  Hartland  -  Harwinton  - 
Hebron  -  Kent  -  Killingworth  -  Lebanon  -  Ledyard  -  Lyme  -  Madison  - 
Mansfield  -  Marlboro  -  Middlebury  -  Middlefield  -  Montville  -  New  Fair- 
field -  New  Hartford  -  Newington  -  North  Branford  -  North  Canaan  -  North 


than  xb  teachers 
1911  ch  26 


48 

1909  ch  225  §5  §  141     The    comptroller   shall,   upon   application    of   the 

salaries  how  state  k°ard  °^  education,  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer  for 

paid  the  amounts  of  the  salaries  of  the  agents  appointed  under  the 

provisions  of  section  140. 

1909  ch  225  §6  §  J42     Every  town  which  employs  not  more  than  thirty 

notWmoreaS  teachers  and  in  which  there  is  no  superintendent  of  schools 

Stermineby  or  suPervismg  agent  shall,  at  its  first  annual  or  biennial  town 

ballot  the  em-  meeting  after  January   1,   1910,  vote  by  ballot  to  determine 

ployroent  of  a  °    .  /  .  .  .    '  .    .  , 

superintendent   whether  it  will  instruct  its  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee, or  board  of  education  to  employ  a  superintendent  of 
schools   or   request  the   appointment   of  a   supervising  agent 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 
vote  on  super-  §  *43     Any  town  employing  more  than  twenty  teachers 

Sng^no??118  and  in  which  there  is  no  superintendent  of  schools  or  super- 
vising agent,  approved  or  appointed  by  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  §§  138  and  140, 
may,  at  any  annual  or  biennial  town  meeting,  upon  giving  due 
notice  thereof  in  the  warning  for  said  meeting,  vote  by  ballot 
to  determine  whether  said  town  will  instruct  its  school  visitors, 
town  school  committee,  or  board  of  education  to  choose  a  super- 
intendent of  schools  or  request  the  appointment  of  a  super- 
vising agent  under  the  provisions  of  §§   134,  138,   139,   140, 

141,  142. 

Chapter  XI1 
School  Districts2 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  135,  page  570 

§  144     In  the  absence  of  a  special  appointment  the  com- 
DfJtrfc^cS2     niittee  of  a  school  district  shall  be  the  agent  ex  officio  of  said 

mitteeto  be  ex  district, 
ofhcio  agent 

ff^wf  §  145     3Each  town  shall  have  power  to  form,  unite,  alter, 

loot)  io7y  , 

1897  chilli58  Haven  -  North  Stonington  -  Old  Lyme  -  Oxford  -  Pomfret  -  Portland  -  Pros- 
Formation  and  pect  -  Redding  -  Ridgefield  -  Rocky  Hill  -  Roxbury  -  Salem  -  Salisbury  - 
alteration  of  Saybrook  -  Sharon  -  Simsbury  -  Somers  -  Sprague  -  Sterling  -  Suffield  -  Tol- 
school  districts  land  _  Trumbull  -  Voluntown  -  Warren  -  Washington  -  Water  ford  -  Water- 
town  -  Weston  -  Wethersfield  -  Willington  -  Wilton  -  Wolcott  -  Woodbury  - 
Woodstock 

1  Towns  to  which  this  chapter  is  applicable  :  —  Bristol  -  Colchester  - 
-  Farmington  -  Griswold  -  Groton  -  Hartford  -  Manchester  -  Middletown 
(see  page  25)  -  Naugatuck  (see  page  138)  -  Newtown  -  Orange  (see  page  155)  — 
Vernon  -  Wallingford 

2  Name  of  school  district  fixed  by  the  inhabitants     13  Conn  234 

3  In  reviewing  the  action  taken  by  a  town  in  respect  to  uniting  or  dissolving 
its  school  districts,  the  superior  court  is  invested  by  statute  with  the  same  powers 
that  the  town  itself  had  (Gen  Stat,  §§  2175,  2 181),  and  therefore  the  question 
whether  such  action  shall  be  modified  or  reversed  is  essentially  one  of  fact 
addressed  to  the  sound  discretion  of  that  court      78  Conn  71 

In  the  present  case  the  trial  court,  although  apparently  of  the  opinion  that 
the  educational  interests  of  the  two  school  districts  involved  would  be  best  sub- 
served by  consolidation,  provided  a  primary  school  was  permanently  maintained 
in  one  of  them,  nevertheless  declined  to  reverse  or  modify  the  action  of  the  town, 
which  was  in  favor  of  separate  districts  Held  that  the  record  failed  to  disclose 
any  abuse  of  the  court's  discretion,  or  any  error  in  matters  of  law     lb 


OS  sec  217k 
1860 


<?% 


49 


f  y*IV€JR$lTY  I 


V 


<jy|jjp&. 


and    dissolve    school    districts    and    parts    of   school    districts 
within  its  limits ;  and  two  or  more  towns  may  form  school  dis-  GSsecsm 
tricts  of  adjoining  portions  of  their  respective  towns.  Revises §2154 

§  146     Whenever  a  school  district  is  formed  from  parts    1897  <&  m  §2 
of  two  or  more  towns,  either  of  said  towns  may  divide  such  dis-  trict?formed  of 
trict  by  uniting  the  portions  lying  in  said  town  with  any  ad-  parta  of  towns 
joining  district  therein.1 

§  147     Every  school  district  shall  be  a  body  corporate.2       9Simim 
And  shall  have  power  to  sue  and  be  sued,3  to  purchase,  re-  Rev  1888  §2155 
ceive,  hold,  and  convey  real  and  personal  property  for  school  d£trict8°f8ch°o1 
purposes ; 

To  build,  purchase,  hire,  and  repair  schoolhouses,  and  sup- 
ply them  with  fuel,  furniture,  and  other  appendages  and  accom- 
modations ;4 

To  establish  school  of  different  grades  f 
To  purchase  globes,  maps,  blackboards,  and  other  school 
apparatus ; 

To  establish  and  maintain  a  school  library;6 
To  employ  teachers,  except  for  such  time  as  the  town  may 
direct  the  school  visitors  to  employ  the  teachers;7 

And  shall  pay  the  wages  of  such  teachers  as  are  employed  by 
the  district  committee  in  conformity  to  law;8 

1  School  districts,  for  educational  purposes,  are  component  parts  of  towns  or 
societies     15  Conn  335 

Power  of  town,  how  affected  by  appeal  to  and  decree  by  the  superior  court 
54  Conn  52  ;  55  Conn  245  246 

Limits  of  school  district  formed  by  annexation  may  be  shown  otherwise 
than  by  record  evidence     54  Conn  76  77         2  Procedure  §148 

8  Every  inhabitant  of  a  school  district  is  a  party  to  a  suit  brought  against  it 
and  his  property  may  be  taken  on  an  execution  issued  against  it  10  Conn  395 
See  26  Conn  527 

8  Districts  may  sue  by  the  name  by  which  they  are  generally  known  13 
Conn  227 

What  is  sufficient  warning  of  meeting  of  school  district     13  Conn  234 

The  records  of  a  school  district  are  evidence  of  its  votes  in  a  suit  to  which 
it  is  a  party     13  Conn  235 

A  debt  owed  by  a  school  district  may  be  taken  by  foreign  attachment  53 
Conn  509     Status  of  teachers  as  to  district  defined     lb 

4  The  character  and  cost  of  school  buildings,  within  broad  limits,  is  left  to 
the  school  district  Courts  will  not  interfere  with  this  discretion  except  in  clear 
cases  of  abuse  25  Conn  227  ;  63  Conn  131  Extent  of  discretionary  power  of 
school  district  illustrated     25  Conn  227  228 

Schoolhouse  may  not  be  used  for  religious  purposes  against  objection  of 
taxpayer,  and  injunction  will  lie  against  such  use     27  Conn  503-505 

District  committee  must  obey  the  vote  of  the  district  as  to  rooms  and 
teachers  ;  the  committee's  authority  is  contingent  on  the  district  failing  to  act 
33  Conn  304 

A  schoolhouse  is  not  an  outhouse  within  the  meaning  of  the  statute  relat- 
ing to  burglarious  entrance  of  outhouse     10  Conn  144  145 

'  A  school  district  has  all  necessary  power  to  establish  and  maintain  a 
school  within  its  limits     33  Conn  304 

Ch  xvii  page  81         '  §§  42  44  236        8  §§  198  235  236  237 


50 


GS  sec  9178 

1849 
Rev  1888  §2156 
Record  of  name 
and  bounds 
GS  sec  2179 

1849 
Rev  1888  §2157 

Settlement  of 
boundary  lines 


GS  sec  2180 

1860 
Rev  1888  §2158 
1895  ch  130 

Notice  of  pro- 
posal to  alter 
school  district 


To  lay  taxes  and  borrow  money  for  all  the  foregoing  pur- 
poses j1 

And  to  make  all  lawful  agreements  and  regulations  for  es- 
tablishing and  conducting  schools,  not  inconsistent  with  the 
regulations  of  the  town  having  jurisdiction  of  the  schools  in 
such  district.2 

§  148  The  name,  number,  and  limits  of  every  school  dis- 
trict shall  be  entered  on  its  records,  and  on  the  records  of  the 
town  or  towns  to  which  it  belongs.3 

§  149  When  the  boundary  lines  of  any  district  are  not 
clearly  settled  and  defined  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in  which 
it  is  situated  shall  settle  and  define  the  same;  they  shall  also 
settle  and  define  the  boundary  lines  of  any  new  district ;  when 
said  selectmen  cannot  agree  in  settling  and  defining  said  lines, 
the  town  to  which  said  district  belongs  may  appoint  three  in- 
different persons  for  that  purpose,  who  shall  have  the  same 
authority  therein  as  is  herein  conferred  upon  said  selectmen; 
and  when  parts  of  such  districts  lie  in  two  or  more  towns,  the 
selectmen  of  the  towns  in  which  any  part  is  situated,  or,  in 
case  of  disagreement,  three  indifferent  persons  appointed  by  a 
judge  of  the  superior  court  on  application  by  either  town  and 
notice  to  the  other,  shall  settle  and  define  the  boundary  lines 
of  such  part. 

§  150  When  it  is  proposed  to  form,  alter,  unite,  or  dissolve 
any  school  district  or  districts,  notice  that  such  change  is  pro- 
posed shall  be  posted  on  the  schoolhouse  in  each  school  district 
to  be  affected,  or,  if  there  be  no  schoolhouse  in  any  of  such 
school  districts,  at  the  usual  place  for  posting  warnings  for 
meetings  of  such  districts,  and  printed  in  a  newspaper  or  news- 
papers published  in  the  town  to  which  such  districts  or  any  one 
of  them  may  belong,  if  any  there  be ;  and  a  copy  of  such  notice 
shall  be  left  with  the  clerk  of  each  of  said  districts  at  least 
fifteen  days  before  the  town  is  called  to  act  upon  the  propo- 
sition.4 


1  A  vote  laying  a  tax  is  sufficiently  definite  if  it  is  reasonably  clear  that  the 
tax  was  imposed  for  a  legitimate  purpose  12  Conn  437-439  See  chapter  xii 
page  60 

School  districts  are  limited  in  power  to  raise  and  expend  money  for  the  sole 
purposes  set  forth  in  the  statute     60  Conn  234  235 

2  The  votes  and  proceedings  of  school  districts,  if  within  their  jurisdiction, 
will  be  liberally  construed     15  Conn  332  454 

3  §54  If  proper  officer  fails  to  make  record  he  can  be  compelled  to  do  it 
by  writ  of  mandamus,  but  the  omission  of  it  does  not  affect  the  legal  existence 
of  the  district     52  Conn  44 

4  Object  of  statute  is  to  give  more  extended  notice  than  by  the  ordinary 
warning  52  Conn  46  Form  of  notice  not  essential ;  not  necessary  to  state  the 
business  in  detail  52  Conn  46  ;  55  Conn  246  The  provisions  de  notice  do  not 
apply  to  proposed  vote  of  a  town  to  assume  control  of  schools     73  Conn  170 


5i 

§  151     When  application  shall  be  made  to  a  town  to  form,  oseecswi 
alter,  or  dissolve  a  school  district,  or  to  unite  two  or  more  Revl^%159 
school  districts,  any  district  aggrieved  by  the  action  or  neglect  Appeai8  by  die- 
of  action  of  the  town  may  appeal  from  such  action  or  neglect  tncts  aggrieved 
of  action  to  the  superior  court  in  the  county  in  which  such 
town  is  situated,  within  one  year  next  after  such  action  or 
neglect,  by  an  application  containing  a  brief  statement,  that 
such  an  appeal  is  taken,  by  whom,  and  from  what,  signed  by 
the  agent  of  the  appellant ;  to  which  shall  be  annexed  a  citation 
signed  by  proper  authority,  notifying  the  appellees  to  appear 
at  the  court  to  which  such  appeal  is  taken.     Service  thereof 
shall  be  made  by  some  proper  officer  by  leaving  a  true  and  at- 
tested copy  of  such  appeal  and  citation  with  the  town  clerk,  and 
with  the  clerk  or  one  of  the  district  committee  of  any  other 
district  interested,  at  least  twelve  days  before  the  session  of 
the  court.1 

§  152     Said  court  shall  have  the  same  powers  to  act  upon  &s  sec  gist 
said  application  that  said  town  had,  and  may  appoint  a  com-  Revises §2160 
mittee  to  report  the  facts  and  its  opinion  thereon  and  the  final  Proceedings  on 
decree  of  the  court  shall  be  recorded  in  the  records  of  said  appea 
town ;  and  said  court  may  allow  and  tax  costs  at  its  discretion, 
including  fees  for  surveys,  copies,  and  recording  decree.     Un- 
less the  town  shall  thereafter  abolish  all  the  school  districts  and 
parts  of  districts  within  its  limits  no  alteration  of  the  lines  fixed 
by  such  decree  shall  be  made,  except  by  the  superior  court  of 
such  county ;  which  shall  have  original  jurisdiction  of  an  appli- 
cation for  the  purpose  made  by  any  district  interested.2 

§  153     When  any  districts  shall  be  consolidated  the  new  osstctiss 
district  shall  own  all  the  property  of  the  several  districts ;  and  _    .l^L^, 

1  ...,,..,.,..,,.  ,       .  ,    Rev  1888  s^lol 

when  a  district  shall  be  divided  its  property,  or  the  income  and    1893  en  123 
proceeds  thereof,  shall  be  distributed  among  the  several  parts  Dig  ogitionof 
in  proportion  to  the  number  of  persons  between  four  and  six-  property  on 

...  ■  alteration  of 

teen  years  of  age  in  each.  district 

§  154     Whenever   any   school   district  has  been   or   shall  ossecsisu 
hereafter  be  divided  into  two  or  more  districts,  and  the  said  „    J®& 

..   .    .    .  .......  -    ,  ,    Rev  1888  §2162 

districts  cannot  agree  upon  the  distribution  of  the  property  and  i893chi23§i 
assets  of  said  districts  between  the  districts,  or  cannot  agree  Divided  district 

'  °  property  and 

1  Legal  existence  and  limits  of  district  may  be  shown  by  prescription     54        ts 
Conn  79     The  court  is  not  limited  in  its  action  to  allowance  or  disallowance  of 
application  ;  it  may  allow  application  in  part     55  Conn  246 

9  Decree  of  court  annulling  action  of  the  town  is  not  such  a  fixing  of  lines 
as  would  preclude  further  action  by  the  town     54  Conn  52 
The  statute  should  be  liberally  construed     54  Conn  53 
Court  is  not  limited  to  affirming  or  reversing  action  of  the  town  ;  the  appli- 
cation may  be  allowed  in  part     ?  5  Conn  247 

Authority  of  court  to  act  is  limited  only  by  the  preliminary  notice  and  the 
warning  of  the  town  meeting     lb 

4 


52 


GS sec  2185 

1856 
Rev  1888  §2162 
1893  ch  123  §2 

Powers  of 
superior  court 


QSsectm 

1842  1856 
Rev  1888  §2163 

Associations 
formed  under 
act  of  1841 


O  3  $ec  tm 

1856 
Rev  1888  §2164 
Control  of  dis- 
tricts formed 
from  parts  of 
towns 

1905  ch  137  §1 
1907  ch  80 

Tax  to  be  laid 
to  pay  debts  of 
joint  school  dis- 
trict. 


upon  the  proportion  that  each  district  shall  pay  of  the  debts  of 
the  district  owing  at  the  time  of  the  division,  either  of  said  dis- 
tricts may  bring  its  complaint  to  the  superior  court  in  the 
county  in  which  either  of  said  districts  is  located,  praying  for 
such  relief  as  it  claims  it  is  entitled  to. 

§  155  Such  complaint  shall  state  the  facts  upon  which 
the  plaintiff  claims  relief,  and  shall  be  served  upon  the  re- 
spondent district  as  in  civil  actions,  and  said  court  may  dis- 
tribute the  property  and  assets  between  the  districts  or  set  the 
entire  property  and  assets  to  one  district  as  it  shall  find  for  the 
best  interests  of  the  district ;  and  in  case  the  property  and  assets 
are  set  to  one  of  said  districts,  shall  find  and  decree  the  sum  of 
money  that  such  district  so  receiving  said  property  shall  pay 
to  the  other  district.  Said  court  shall  find  and  decree  the  pro- 
portion that  each  district  shall  pay  of  the  debts  and  liabilities 
outstanding  at  the  time  of  the  division. 

§  156  All  associations  under  the  act  of  1841,  allowing 
any  two  or  more  adjoining  school  districts  to  associate  to- 
gether and  form  a  union  district,  entered  into  before  the  repeal 
of  said  act,  shall  continue  to  be  managed  according  to  the 
provisions  of  said  act,  unless  the  town  shall  abolish  or  con- 
solidate all  the  school  districts  within  its  limits.1 

§  157  The  schools  in  every  school  district  formed  from 
parts  of  two  or  more  towns  shall  be  under  the  charge  and 
direction  of  the  town  in  which  the  schoolhouse  is  situated,  un- 
less the  towns  shall  otherwise  agree.2 

§  158  Whenever  any  school  district  which  has  or  shall 
hereafter  become  indebted  by  judgment  for  indebtedness  in- 
curred by  such  district  shall  be  located  in  two  or  more  towns, 
the  committee  of  such  school  district,  or,  if  there  be  no  district 
committee  for  said  district  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in  which 
the  schoolhouse  in  such  district  is  located,  shall  cause  a  tax  suf- 
ficient to  pay  such  indebtedness  as  shall  be  presented  or  ex- 
hibited to  said  committee  or  selectmen,  as  the  case  may  be,  by 
the  judgment  creditor  or  creditors,  including  the  cost  of  levying 
and  collecting  such  tax,  to  be  laid,  upon  and  according  to  the 
levies  or  assessment  lists  of  said  towns  last  before  completed,  on 
the  district  in  the  manner  provided  by  law  for  school  district 
taxes,  except  that,  when  there  is  no  district  committee  for  said 
district,  the  selectmen  of  said  town  wherein  the  schoolhouse  is 
located  shall  perform  the  duties  required  by  law  of  the  district 
committee  therein,  and  the  tax  collector  of  said  town  shall  per- 


ch xiv  page  64        9  §§  128  265 


53 

form  the  duties  of  tax  collector  of  said  district.  •  Said  tax 
shall  be  collected  and  paid  to  said  judgment  creditor  or  credi- 
tors, and  to  the  persons  entitled  to  fees  and  compensation  for 
levying  and  collecting  said  tax.1 

§  159     Whenever  either  of  the  towns  in  which  such  school  1905  ch  137  §2 
district  is  located  shall  vote  to  consolidate  its  school  districts  A„ 

■  *  After  coneolidn- 

and  bring  the  same  under  town  management,  and  shall  subse-  tion,iftown 
quently  vote  to  return  to  the  district  system,  then  such  school  to  district  sys- 
district  shall  be,  in  law,  the  same  school  district  as  existed  Sib^the 
prior  to  said  vote  of  consolidation  of  districts  and  liable  for  the  "JTndiiabSfo'r 
indebtedness  of  said  district  as  then  existing.  debts- 

§  160     Every  school  district  shall  hold  an  annual  meeting  os seems 
in  the  month  of  June,  for  the  choice  of  officers,  and  for  the      lmim 
transaction  of  any  other  business  relating  to  schools,  and  shall  ^uafand*5 
hold  a  special  meeting  when  the  same  shall  be  duly  called.2        special  meet- 

§  161     District  meetings  shall  be  held  at  the  district  school-  q  s  secsm 

house;  but  if  there  be  no  suitable  schoolhouse  the  committee,  „    JSP*  ... 
.-..  .         .,*,  1.,-,  ,  Rev  1€88  S2166 

if  there  be  one,  otherwise  the  clerk,  and  if  there  be  no  com-  DlgtrIct  meBt. 

mittee  or  clerk  the  selectmen  of  the  town  to  which  said  district  ings,  where  held 
belongs,  shall  determine  the  place  of  meeting,  which  shall  in 
all  cases  be  within  the  district. 

§  162     3Notice  of  the  time,  place,   and  object  of  every  GSsecmo 
meeting  of  the  district  shall  be  given  at  least  five  days  previous  1823  1?gg51866 
to  holding  it,  including  the  day  the  notice  is  given,  but  not  Revises §2167 
including  the  day  of  holding  said  meeting.     The  committee,  SfctSe^tSgs 
or,  if  there  be  no  such  committee,  the  clerk,  or,  if  there  be  no  lochias  §2 
committee  or  clerk,   the  selectmen   of  the  town,   shall   give 
notice  of  a  district  meeting  by  publishing  the  same  in  a  news- 
paper published  in  the  district  or  having-  a  circulation  therein, 
and  by  posting  a  notice  on  the  schoolhouse,  if  any  there  be, 
or  on  the  signposts,  if  any  there  be,  in  the  district,  unless 
some  other  mode  shall  have  been  previously  designated  by 
the  district,  in  which  case  notice  in  such  mode  may  be  sub- 
stituted for  such  posting ;  provided,  that  the  committee  of  any 
district  having  an  enumeration  of  less  than  one  hundred  may, 

,|2I3 

2  §§  167  196  Meeting  should  be  opened  within  a  reasonable  time  after  the 
hour  specified  ;  what  is  such  reasonable  time  13  Conn  234  Meeting  presumed 
to  have  been  legally  held,  pursuant  to  the  warning     Id 

Record  of  meeting  is  admissible  to  show  vote  of  district  13  Conn  235  ; 
but  see  44  Conn  160 

3  A  warning  which  fairly  sets  forth  the  purposes  of  the  meeting,  held  suffi- 
cient    13  Conn  234  ;  15  Conn  332  ;  52  Conn  46  ;  55  Conn  246 

Posting  warning  on  one  signpost  in  the  district  held  sufficient     15  Conn  332 
What  notice  would  be  insufficient     44  Conn  159;  53  Conn  578;  60  Conn  168 
Where  original  vote  was  illegal  a  vote  not  to  rescind  at  a  later  meeting 
does  not  validate  original  vote     53  Conn  579  ;  but  see  52  Conn  49  ' 


54 

on  giving  notice  by  posting  as  hereinbefore  provided,  or  on 
giving  notice  in  some  other  mode  previously  designated  by 
the  district,  in  its  discretion,  omit  the  notice  by  publication 
in  a  newspaper.  The  person  or  persons  giving  such  notice 
shall,  on  the  day  of  giving  it,  leave  a  duplicate  of  such  notice 
with  the  clerk  of  the  district,  or,  if  there  be  no  clerk, ^  with 
the  selectmen,  to  be  delivered  to  the  clerk  when  appointed, 
who  shall  preserve  the  same  on  file. 
osMcim  R  161     The  legal  voters  of  a  school  district  shall  consist 

I860  1879  1880  ... 

i88i  onlv  of  the  legal  voters  of  the  town  or  towns  in  which  said 

see  $1631  district  is  situated  who  have  resided  in  said  school  district  for 

Jch^rdScf  the  period  of  four  months  next  preceding. 

_  _     01O0  §  164     No  inmate  of  the  almshouse  of  any  town,  other 

1884  than  the  officers  and  employees  of  the  town  residing  therein, 

shall  vote  at  any  school  meeting  of  the  district  wherein  such 

may  vote  ii  almshouse  is  situated,  unless  a  resident  of  such  district  at  the 

school  meetings     ..  c  .  .     ,  .  .. 

time  of  his  becoming  such  inmate. 
os sect  193  §  165     In  every  school  district  whose  limits  are  the  same 

1877  ^i1880  as  *  e  nr™ts  °f  tne  town  in  which  it  is  situated  the  town  registry 
Rer  1888  §2170  list  shall  be  the  registry  list  for  school  purposes,1  and  in  every 
other  school  district  enumerating  four  hundred  or  more  chil- 
ing;  regiatryiiet  dren,  as  returned  to  the  comptroller,  the  registrars  of  voters 
of  the  town  in  which  the  schoolhouse  of  said  district  is  situated 
shall  have  the  same  powers  in  reference  to  voting  lists,  appoint- 
ing moderators  and  box  tenders  of  school  district  meetings,  as 
they  now  have  in  the  election  of  town,  city,  or  ward  officers : 
and  said  registrars  of  voters  shall,  upon  the  written  request  of 
twenty  or  more  legal  voters  of  said  school  district  deposited 
with  either  of  said  registrars  of  voters  at  least  twenty  days  be- 
fore the  annual  meeting  of  said  district,  prepare  and  complete 
a  correct  list  of  all  the  legal  voters  of  said  school  district,  and 
lodge  the  same  with  the  clerk  of  said  district  at  least  five  days 
before  said  annual  meeting;  and  in  every  other  school  district 
the  clerk  of  said  district  shall,  upon  the  written  request  of 
twenty  or  more  legal  voters  of  such  district,  lodged  with  said 
clerk  at  least  twenty  days  before  the  annual  meeting  of  said 
district,  prepare  the  check  list  of  the  legal  voters  of  said  dis- 
trict, to  be  used  at  any  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers  in 
said  district,  or  for  the  taking  of  any  vote  bv  ballot  which  may 
be  requested  by  one-third  of  the  legal  voters  present  at  any 
meeting  of  the  school  district;  said  clerk  shall  add  to  said  list 
the  name  of  any  legal  voter  omitted,  and  erase  therefrom  the 
name  of  any  person  improperly  entered  thereon,  and  for  this 


55 

purpose  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  within  said  district  which 
the  registrars  of  voters  have  in  their  respective  towns. 

§  1 66     Whenever  one-third  of  the  legal  voters  present  at  oageetm 
any  meeting  of  a  school  district  having  such  registration  shall  Revises §2171 
request  that  any  vote  or  votes  upon  any  question  pending  be-  vote  by  ballot, 
fore  such  meeting  shall  be  taken  by  ballot  and  check  list  of  the  taken1  e 
legal  voters  of  said  district  the  chairman  of  such  meeting  shall 
cause  said  vote  or  votes  to  be  so  taken,  and  if  said  vote  or  votes 
cannot  be  then  and  there  conveniently  and  properly  taken,  he 
shall,  upon  the  like  request  of  said  one-third  of  the  legal  voters 
present,  adjourn  said  meeting  to  the  usual  polling  place  or 
places  in  said  district,  if  there  be  any,  and,  if  there  be  none, 
then  to  the  most  suitable  and  convenient  place  or  places  in  said 
district,  at  such  time  within  one  week  thereafter  as  he  may 
designate,  when  and  where  said  vote  or  voles  shall  be  taken  be- 
tween the  hours  of  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning  and  five  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  and  the  result  shall  be  ascertained  and  de- 
clared by  said  chairman,  and  recorded  by  the  clerk  upon  the 
records  of  said  district. 

§  167     Upon  the  written  request  of  twenty  or  more  legal  GSsectw5 
voters  of  any  school  district  having  such  registration  to  the  Rev  lsss^sm 


.-*- 


committee  to  call  a  special  meeting  to  vote  by  ballot  and  check  special  meet- 
list  upon  any  resolutions  appended  to  such  request,  said  com-  lng* 
mittee  shall  call  such  meeting  within  three  weeks  thereafter, 
at  some  suitable  time  and  place  in  such  district,  to  be  particu- 
larly stated  in  the  call,  when  and  where  said  vote  or  votes  shall 
be  taken,  and  the  result  ascertained,  declared,  and  recorded  in 
the  manner  provided  in  §  166.  Upon  like  request,  the  com- 
mittee of  any  school  district  having  such  registration  shall 
cause  all  elections  of  officers  of  such  district  to  be  had  by  ballot 
and  check  list. 

§  168     The   compensation   of  each  of  said   registrars  of  GSsecm6 
voters,  or  of  said  district  clerks  for  preparing  said  lists,  shall  RevJ£?i8r8 
be  the  same  per  diem  as  that  paid  by  the  town  in  which  said  compensation 
district  is  situated  to  said  registrars  of  voters,  for  preparing  fpr  preparing, 
the  voting  lists  used  at  state,  town,  city,  or  ward  elections,  and 
shall  be  paid  by  the  treasurer  of  the  school  district  for  which 
such  list  is  prepared. 

§  169     Every  meeting  may  choose  its  own  moderator,1  and  g  s  sec  2197 
may  adjourn2  from  time  to  time  to  meet  at  the  same  or  some  R      18&6 
other  place  in  the  district.     Every  person  who  shall  vote  il-  inYgaiTotinThi 
legally  in  any  school  district  meeting  shall  be  fined  not  more  di8trict  meeting 
than  thirty  dollars.3 

1  Majority  of  ballots  cast  is  requisite  for  election  of  any  of  the  officers     24 
Conn  34  $  163 

2  An  adjourned  meeting  may  hold  an  election  of  officers    lb        3§  163 


56 


•S19S 
1866 

b  125 
i  301 

l  131 
Oommi  ; 
other  officers  of 
district 


G  3  sec  ti.lt 
Rev  lass  §2176 


Committee  in 

having 
two  huudred 
children 


G  8  sec  9200 

y  to 
elect 


§  170  Each  school  district,  unless  otherwise  provided  by 
law,  shall  choose  by  ballot,  at  the  annual  meeting,1  a  committee2 
of  not  more  than  three  persons,  a  clerk,  who  shall  be  sworn,3 
a  treasurer,  and  a  collector,4  who  shall  hold  their  respective 
offices  for  the  period  of  one  year  from  the  fifteenth  day  of  July 
next  succeeding,  and  until  others  are  chosen  and  qualified  ;5  and 
any  resident  of  the  district  so  chosen  who  shall  refuse  or  neglect 
to  perform  the  duties  of  the  office,  shall  pay  five  dollars  to  said 
district;  but  any  new  district  may  at  its  first  or  at  any  subse- 
quent meeting,  called  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town,  choose  its 
officers  who  shall  hold  office  till  the  annual  meeting  of  such 
district.  The  members  of  the  district  committee  shall  be  resi- 
dents of  the  district ;  but  the  other  offices  may  be  filled  by  any 
inhabitants  of  the  town  to  which  said  district  belongs. 

§  171  Any  school  district  having  by  its  last  enumeration 
not  less  than  two  hundred  children  between  four  and  sixteen 
years  of  age,  may,  at  any  annual  meeting,  due  notice  being  in- 
serted in  the  call  therefor,  order  that  its  committee  shall  consist 
of  three  persons  chosen  by  ballot,  divided  into  three  classes 
holding  office  for  one,  two,  and  three  years,  and  that  annually 
thereafter  one  member  shall  be  chosen  by  ballot,  to  hold  office 
for  three  years.  Should  a  vacancy  occur  the  remaining  mem- 
bers of  the  committee  may  fill  it  until  the  next  annual  district 
meeting,  when  all  vacancies  shall  be  filled.  Whenever  a  district 
has  appointed  its  committee  as  herein  provided  such  district 
may,  at  any  special  meeting  called  for  the  purpose,  vote  that  it 
will  no  longer  so  appoint  its  committee ;  thereupon  the  terms  of 
office  of  all  the  members  of  its  committee  shall  end  at  its  next 
annual  meeting  and  thereafter  its  committee  shall  be  appointed 
according  to  the  provisions  of  §  170. 

§  172  In  the  election  of  officers  of  a  school  district  a 
majority6  of  the  votes  cast  shall  be  required  to  elect,  unless 
otherwise  expressly  provided. 


160        s  Chxiii  page  62 
:-orm  of  oath     You   solemnly   swear   that  you  will  faithfully  discharge 

The  clerk  need  not  take  the  oath  of  office  immediately  after  his  election    or 

££^wg     I  mmU!eS  °f  thC  Proceedi^  of  a  district  LetiL     provided'  he 
takes  it  before  he  performs  any  regular  official-  arf    mJh     e     s  '  Proviaea  «e 

tioning    a  formal    record     15    Lnn     33      ^hat  tlJ  aSffima  '^  °rfnuc- 
clerk     lb        *  Gen  Stat  §2381  What  are  the     official  acts  of    the 

4*  cirnT"  ^  ^  ^  *"*  *  legal   dection   of  his   lessor 


57 

§  173     The   clerk   of   every   school   district   shall,   within  &  a  see  2301 
thirty  days  after  the  election  of  officers  in  such  district,  for-  Revises §2178 
ward  to  the  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the 
town  wherein  said  school  -district  is  located,  a  certified  list  of 
the  officers  elected  at  such  meeting,  together  with  the  post-  certificate  of 

,  -r-  «.       .        .        .  -  -       .  election  of 

office  address  of  each.     If  a  district  is  situated  partly  in  two  offieers 
or  more  towns  such  list  shall  be  sent  to  the  secretary  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors  of  each  of  said  towns.     Every  clerk 
who  shall  fail  to  comply  with  any  provision  of  this  section  shall 
be  fined  not  more  than  ten  dollars. 

§  174     If  a  district,  at  the  time  for  the  annual  meeting,  G  a  sec  2202 
shall  fail  to  appoint  all,  or  any,  of  its  officers,  or  if  a  vacancy  1856 

shall  occur,  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  to  which  such  dis- 
trict belongs  shall  make  such  appointment  and  fill  such  vacancy ; 
and  shall  lodge  the  names  of  the  officers,  so  appointed,  with  the  vacancies,  how 
district  clerk.     This  section  shall  not  apply  to  vacancies  occur-  fllled 
ring  under  the  provisions  of  §  171. 

§  175     The  clerk,1  treasurer,2  and  collector3  of  each  school  oatec  2202 
district  shall  exercise  the  same  powers  and  perform  the  same  Rev  isss^iso 
duties,  in  their  respective  districts,3  as  the  clerks,  treasurers,  Duties  of 
and  collectors  of  towns  do  in  their  respective  towns. 

§  176     Any  district  may   require  the  treasurer  and   col-  G8sec22ou 
lector  respectively  to  give  bonds  to  the  district,  to  the  approval  Revl^fL81 
of  the  district  committee,   for  the   faithful   discharge  of  the 
duties  of  their  respective  offices,  before  assuming  such  duties,  fequfred1^ be 

§  177     All  records  and  papers  relating  to  or  affecting  the  GSsec2205 
interest  of  any  school  district  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to  the  1878 

\  .       ..  ,  v    -Li       L  Rev  1888  §2182 

inspection  and  examination  of  any  person  liable  to  pay  taxes 
in  said  district.     Every  clerk  of  a  school  district  wilfully  con-  papers  to  be 
cealing,  refusing,  or  neglecting  to  furnish  reasonable  access  to  25?  omspec 
any  such  records  or  papers,  or  giving  false  or  incorrect  informa- 
tion as  to  the  same,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five 
dollars.4 

§  178     In  case  of  the  refusal  or  neglect  by  a  district  to  em-  ossec2206 
ploy  a  teacher  and  keep  open  a  school  during  the  usual  portion        iS2i83 
of  the  year  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  having  jurisdiction  Neg]ectof  dis. 
over  such  district  may  employ  teachers,  and  keep  open  a  public  ^*f  opeu 
school  in  the  schoolhouse  of  said  district  for  the  period  for 
which  the  town  would  be  obliged  during  that  school  year  to 
maintain  a  school  in  such  district  ;5  but  the  whole  expense  of  a 
school  thus  opened  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  on  the  order  of  the 

1  Gen  Stat  §  1847         2  Gen  Stat  §  1874        3  Gen  Stat  §  2381 

4  The  records  of  a  school  district  are  legal  evidence  of  its  proceedings  in  a 
suit  to  which  it  is  a  party     13  Conn  235 

5  §40 


58 


O  S  sec  SS07 

Rev  1888  §2184 
Every  district 
must  have  a 
schoolhouse 
O  S  sec  SS08 

Rev  1888  §2185 
Erection  of 
schoolhouse 


O  S  sec  SS09 
1794  1868  1874 

1878 
Rev  1888  §2186 

Site  of  school- 
hoiifle  how  fixed 


QSsecttlO 

1872 
Rev  1888  §2191 

Nonresident 
pupils 

OS  sec  Mil 

1872 
Rev  1888  §2192 
Schoolhouse 
may  be  used  for 
other  purposes 

OS  sec  hill 
1856  1857 
Rev  1888  §2187 

8chool  district 
may  take  land 
for  schoolhouse 


0  S  tec  UUt 
1856  1872 
Rev  1888  §2188 

Proceedings  to 
condemn  land 


selectmen,  upon  their  receiving  a  certificate  of  the  amount 
thereof  from  the  school  visitors;  and,  in  any  such  case,  the 
town  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  same  payments  from  the 
state  as  if  such  school  had  been  kept  open  by  such  district  m  the 
usual  manner. 

§  179  No  district  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  any  money 
from  the  state,  or  town,  unless  it  has  a  schoolhouse  and  out- 
buildings, satisfactory  to  the  board  of  school  visitors.1 

§  180  No  new  district  schoolhouse  shall  be  built  except 
according  to  a  plan  approved  by  the  board  of  school  visitors 
and  by  the  building  committee  of  such  district ;  nor  at  an  ex- 
pense exceeding  the  sum  which  the  district  may  appropriate 
therefor. 

§  181  Any  school  district,  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  those 
present  and  voting  at  a  legally  warned  meeting  of  the  district, 
may  fix  or  change  the  site  of  a  schoolhouse ;  but  if  such  two- 
thirds  vote  cannot  be  obtained  in  favor  of  any  site,  the  school 
visitors  of  any  town  adjoining  the  town  or  either  of  the  towns 
in  which  such  district  is,  on  application  of  the  district,  shall, 
after  conferring  with  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  or  towns 
in  which  such  district  is  situated,  fix  the  site,  and  make  return 
to  the  town  clerk  of  the  town  in  which  such  site  is  located ;  and 
shall  receive  a  reasonable  compensation  for  their  services  from 
said  district. 

§  182  Persons  not  residing  in  a  school  district  may  attend 
the  public  schools  therein,  if  the  consent  of  the  committee  of 
such  district  and  of  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  be  first  ob- 
tained, but  not  otherwise. 

§  183  Any  school  district  or  town  may,  by  a  vote  of  two- 
thirds  of  those  present  at  any  legal  meeting,  allow  its  school- 
house  or  schoolhouses,  when  not  in  use  for  school  purposes, 
to  be  used  for  any  other  purpose.2 

§  184  Any  school  district  may  take  land  which  has  been 
fixed  upon  as  a  site,  or  addition  to  a  site,  of  a  public  school- 
house,  and  which  is  necessary  for  such  purpose  or  for  out- 
buildings or  convenient  accommodations  for  its  schools,  upon 
paying  to  the  owner  just  compensation. 

§  185  If  such  school  district  cannot  agree  with  the  owner 
upon  the  amount  of  such  compensation,  it  may  prefer  its  peti- 
tion to  the  superior  court  in  the  county  in  which  the  land  lies, 

1  School  visitors  shall  visit  and  inspect  schoolhouses  and  out-buildings  twice 
in  each  term    §  120 

*  A  district  cannot  without  a  two-thirds  vote  order  any  term  of  the  school 
to  be  kept  elsewhere  than  in  the  regular  schoolhouse  28  Conn  332  As  to 
power  of  the  district  in  this  respect  prior  to  enactment  of  this  statute  in  1872, 
see  27  Conn  503  507 


59 

or,  if  said  court  is  not  in  session,  to  either  judge  thereof,  pray- 
ing that  such  compensation  may  be  determined ;  which  shall  be 
accompanied  by  a  summons,  signed  by  competent  authority, 
notifying  the  owner  of  the  land  to  be  taken,  and  all  persons  in- 
terested therein,  to  appear  before  the  said  court  or  judge,  and 
shall  be  served  as  a  writ  of  summons  in  civil  actions ;  and,  upon 
said  petition,  said  court  or  judge  shall  appoint  a  committee  of 
three  disinterested  men,  who,  after  being  sworn,  and  giving 
reasonable  notice  to  the  parties,  shall  examine  the  land  proposed 
to  be  taken,  and  if  they  approve  the  site,  they  shall  ascertain 
its  value,  and  assess  such  sum  in  favor  of  the  owner  as  will 
justly  compensate  him  therefor ;  but  if  they  do  not  approve  said 
site,  they  may  fix  another  site  on  land  of  the  same  owner,  and 
proceed  as  aforesaid,  and  report  their  doings  to  said  court  or 
judge ;  and  their  report  may  be  rejected  for  any  irregular  or 
improper  conduct  in  the  performance  of  their  duties. 

§  186     If  the  report  be  rejected,  the  court  or  judge  shall  osseeuns 
appoint  another   committee,   who  shall  proceed   in  the  same  Ki{|?§2i89 
manner  as  the  first  committee  were  required  to  proceed ;  but  if  Effect  of  accept- 
it  be  accepted  by  said  court  or  judge,  such  acceptance  shall  have  ai 
the  effect  of  a  judgment  in  favor  of  the  owner  of  the  land 
against  the  petitioner,  for  the  amount  of  the  assessment  made 
by  the  committee,  and  execution  may  be  issued  therefor ;  and 
such  court  or  judge  may  make  any  order  necessary  for  the  pro- 
tection of  the  rights  of  all  persons  interested  in  the  land  taken ; 
but  the  land  shall  not  be  used  or  inclosed  by  the  district,  until 
the  amount  of  said  judgment  shall  be  paid  to  the  party  to  whom 
it  is  due,  or  deposited  for  his  use  with  the  county  treasurer. 
Said  district  shall  pay  the  committee  a  reasonable  compensation 
for  their  services,  to  be  taxed  by  said  court  or  judge. 

§  187     No  school  district,  society,  city,  or  town  shall  take  ossecuiu 
for  school  purposes  the  land  of  any  ecclesiastical  society,  upon  Revl8^7L190 
any  part  of  which  a  church  building  has  already  been  erected,     1895  ch  ** 
without  the  consent  of  such  ecclesiastical  society,  or  any  land  tery^ndnorto 
devoted  to  or  used  for  cemetery  or  burial  purposes.  school611  f°r 


6o 


Chapter  XII 
School  District  Taxes1 


O  8  sec  2U15 
1856  1860  1878 

1883 
Rev  1888  §3908 
School  district 
taxes,  levied  on 
what 


Q  S  sec  2U16 

is?; 

Rev  1888  §3909 

Town  poorhouse 

?iroperty  taxable 
or  school  house 


OSsecihn 
1856  1874 
Rev  1888  §3910 

Land  partly  in 

district 


Assessment  of 
part  in  district 


G  3  sec  SU8 

1856 
Rev  1888  §3911 


Board  of  relief 


General  Statutes,  Chapter  146,  page  626 

§  188-  All  taxes  imposed  by  any  school  district  shall  be 
levied  on  the  real  estate  situated  therein,  and  the  ratable  per- 
sonal property  and  polls  of  those  persons  who  belonged  to  said 
district  at  the  time  of  laying  such  tax,  which  polls  shall  be  set 
in  the  list  at  one  hundred  dollars  each,  and  upon  any  manufac- 
turing or  mechanical  business,  subject  to  taxation,  which  is  lo- 
cated or  carried  on  in  said  district,  not  including  therein  the 
value  of  any  real  estate  situated  out  of  the  district,  and  also  upon 
any  mercantile  business  carried  on  in  said  district  by  any  per- 
son or  persons  who  do  not  reside  in  the  town  in  which  said  school 
district  is  situated ;  and  neither  the  business  so  taxed  nor  any 
real  estate  in  said  district  shall  be  taxed  in  any  other  district. 

§  189  When  any  school  district  having  within  its  bound- 
aries any  town  almshouse  and  farm,  shall  impose  any  tax  for 
the  purpose  of  building  or  repairing  its  schoolhouse,  said  real 
estate  owned  by  said  town  shall  not  be  exempt  from  such  taxa- 
tion. 

§  1903  When  real  estate  in  any  district  is  so  entered  in  the 
list  of  the  town  in  common  with  other  real  estate  situated  out 
of  said  district  that  there  is  no  distinct  and  separate  value  put 
by  the  assessors  upon  the  part  lying  in  said  district,  one  or  more 
of  the  assessors  of  the  town  in  which  said  property  is  situated 
shall,  on  application  of  said  district,  value  said  part  lying  in 
said  district  and  return  a  list  of  the  same  to  the  clerk  of  said 
district ;  and  notice  of  such  valuation,  and  of  the  meeting  of  the 
assessors  and  selectmen  in  §  191  mentioned,  shall  be  given  by 
the  district  committee  in  the  same  way  as  a  notice  for  district 
meetings. 

§  191  At  the  end  of  ten  days  after  such  return  of  said 
list,  the  assessors  and  selectmen  of  the  town  shall  meet  in  such 
place  as  said  committee  shall  designate  in  such  notice,  and  shall 
have  the  same  power,  in  relation  to  such  list,  that  the  board  of 
relief  has  in  relation  to  town  lists ;  and  no  deduction  or  abate- 

1  For  exemptions  see  Gen  Stat  §  2315  and  chapter  70  public  acts  of  1909 
8  Real  estate  in  any  district  taxable  there  whatever  owner's  residence     4 
D  376;   n  Conn  479 

Votes  imposing  school  taxes  inartificially  drawn  held  valid     15  Conn  331 
Rate  bill  not  invalid  because  it  did  not  show  on  what  list  laid     15  Conn  447 
Personal  property  of  deceased  person's  estate  in  settlement  taxable  in  dis- 
trict of  his  domicile  at  death     38  Conn  443 

*  Doings  of  assessors  under  this  section  upheld  and  construed     15  Conn  447 


6i 

ment  shall  be  made  on  account  of  the  indebtedness  of  the  owner  Deductions  for 
of  any  real  estate  so  taxed,  unless  both  the  debtor  and  the 
creditor  belong  to  said  district;  and  such  list,  when  perfected 
by  said  assessors  and  selectmen,  shall  be  lodged  with  the  town 
clerk ;  and  said  valuation  shall  be  the  rule  of  taxation  for  said 
real  estate  by  said  district  for  the  year  ensuing ;  and  said  assess- 
ors shall  be  paid  by  said  district  a  reasonable  compensation 
for  their  services. 

§  192     When  any  real  estate  in  any  district  has  not  been  osseczuw 
put  into  the  town  list,  or  when  any  polls  in  any  district,  liable  Rev  isssWs 
to  taxation,  have  not  been  entered  in  said  list,  one  or  more  of  Listing  of  real 
the  assessors  of  the  town  in  which  such  omission  has  occurred,  SSttedfrom  s 
on  application  of  said  district,  shall  value  such  real  estate,  and  town  llst 
make  a  list  of  said  polls,  and  add  such  property  and  polls  to 
the  list  of  the  district. 

§  193     When  a  district  lays  a  tax  on  the  town  list  last  GSsecmo 
completed,  and  the  title  to  any  real  estate  has  been  in  any  way  Rev  i^|6|39i3 
changed  between  the  first  day  of  October  next  preceding  and  Assessment  of 
the  time  of  laying  said  tax,  one  or  more  of  the  assessors  of  the  ch^n^ed^ince 
town  in  which  such  change  of  property  has  occurred,  on  appli-  town  lisfc 
cation  of  such  district,  shall  value  said  real  estate  in  the  name 
of  the  person  owning  it  at  the  time  of  laying  said  tax,  and  de- 
duct the  same  from  the  list  of  the  person  in  whose  name  it 
stood  on  the  town  list. 

§  194     The  assessors  in  performing  the  duties  mentioned  osteetm 
in  §§  192  and  193,  shall  proceed  in  the  manner  prescribed  for  Rev  isS5§39i4 
assessing  real  estate  in  §  190.1  Mode  of  such 

1  The  following  sections  of  the  General  Statutes  apply  to  district  taxes 

Gen  Stat  §  2361  Town,  society,  school  district,  and  highway  taxes  shall 
be  laid  either  on  the  assessment  list  of  the  town  last  before  or  on  that  next  there- 
after completed,  and  be  payable  within  one  year  after  they  are  laid 

§  2382  Every  collector  of  taxes  shall,  before  he  receives  any  such  warrant, 
give  to  the  community  of  which  he  is  collector,  a  bond  with  surety  to  the  accept- 
ance of  the  selectmen,  committee,  or  authority  signing  the  rate  bill,  for  the 
faithful  discharge  of  his  duties 

§  2383  The  tax  book  of  any  collector  of  town,  city,  borough,  or  school 
district  taxes  shall  be  at  all  reasonable  times  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  tax- 
payer, and  to  any  auditor  of  public  accounts  of  such  town,  city,  borough,  or 
school  district  Any  collector  who  shall,  after  request,  refuse  to  exhibit  his  tax 
book  as  aforesaid,  shall  forfeit  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars  to  such  town, 
city,  borough,  or  school  district,  and  such  penalty  may  be  recovered  by  an  action 
on  such  collector's  official  bond 

§  2391  Every  collector  of  town  taxes  shall,  except  as  otherwise  specially 
provided  by  law,  publish  a  notice  of  the  time  and  place  at  which  he  will  receive 
them,  by  advertising  in  a  newspaper  published  in  the  county  at  least  once  a 
week  for  three  successive  weeks  next  preceding  the  time  in  such  notice  appointed, 
and  by  posting  on  a  signpost  in  his  town  at  least  three  weeks  before  said  time ; 
and  collectors  of  other  taxes  shall  appoint  a  time  and  place  for  receiving  the 
same,  and  give  reasonable  notice  thereof  ;  and  if  any  tax  laid  by  any  town,  city, 
borough,  or  school  district,  except  as  otherwise  specially  provided  by  law,  shall 


62 


a  s  sect n % 

I860 
Rev  1888  §2132 
District  com- 
mittee to  be 
ex  officio  agent 
O  8  see  if  S3 
18561872 
Rev  1888  §2213 

Powen  and 
duties 


1903  ch  146  §3 


Chapter   XIII 

District  Committees 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  137,  page  581 

§  195  In  the  absence  of  a  special  appointment  the  com- 
mittee of  a  school  district  shall  be  the  agent  ex  officio  of  said 
district.1  2 

§  196  The  committee  of  every  district3  shall  give  due 
notice  of  all  meetings  of  the  district,4  may  call  a  special  meet- 
ing thereof  at  any  time,  and  shall  call  one  on  the  written  re- 
quest of  one-fifth  or  of  ten  of  the  legal  voters  in  the  district 

remain  unpaid  for  one  month,  after  the  same  shall  become  due  and  payable, 
interest  at  the  rate  of  nine  per  cent,  shall  be  charged  from  the  time  when  such 
tax  becomes  due  until  the  same  shall  be  paid,  which  shall  be  collectible  as  a  part 
of  said  tax  ;  and  said  collectors  shall  keep  an  accurate  and  separate  account  of 
all  such  additions,  and  the  time  when  the  same  may  be  received,  and  shall  pay 
over  the  same  as  a  part  of  said  tax 

§  2393  Taxes  shall  become  due  on  the  first  day  on  which  the  collector 
thereof,  according  to  the  terms  of  the  notice  given  by  him,  is  ready  to  receive 
them 

§  2407     All  taxes,  properly  assessed,  shall  become  a  debt  due  from  the 
person,  persons,  or  corporation  against  whom   they  are   respectively  assessed, 
to  the  city,  town,  district,  or  community  in  whose  favor  they  are  assessed,  and 
may  be,  in  addition  to  the  other  remedies  provided  by  law,  recovered  by  any 
proper  action,  in  the  name  of  the  community  in  whose  favor  they  are  assessed 
§  2412     Warrants  for  the  collection  of  taxes  may  be  in  the  following  form 
To  A  B,  collector  of  taxes  of  the  (here  insert  the  name  of  the  com- 
munity laying   the  tax),   in  the  county  of ,  greeting :    By 

authority  of  the  state  of  Connecticut,  you  are  hereby  commanded  forth- 
with to  collect  of  each  person  named  in  the  annexed  list  his  proportion  of 
the  same,  as  therein  stated,  being  a  tax  laid  by  (name  of  community), 

on  the day  of ,  A  D  19 And  you  are  to  pay  the 

amount  of  said  tax,  less  abatements,  and  less  taxes  the  lien  for  which  has 
been  continued  by  certificate,  to  the  treasurer  of  said  (name  of  the  com- 
munity), on  or  before  the day  of ,  A  D  19 And  if 

any  person  fails  to  pay  his  proportion  of  said  tax,  upon  demand,  you  are 
to  levy  upon  his  goods  and  chattels,  and  dispose  of  the  same  as  the  law 
directs  ;  and  after  satisfying  said  tax  and  the  lawful  charges,  return  the 
surplus,  if  any,  to  him  ;  and  if  such  goods  and  chattels  do  not  come  to 
your  knowledge,  you  are  to  levy  upon  his  real  estate,  and  sell  enough 
thereof  to  pay  his  tax  and  the  cost  of  levy,  and  give  to  the  purchaser  a 
deed  thereof,  or  take  the  body  of  said  person,  and  him  commit  unto  the 
keeper  of  the  jail  of  said  county  within  the  prison,  who  is  hereby  com- 
manded to  receive  and  safely  keep  him  until  he  shall  pay  said  sum,  together 
with   your   fees,  or  be  discharged    in    due    course  of    law     Dated   at 

this day  of ,  A  D  19 

A  B,  Justice  of  the  Peace 

1  Shall  employ  and  dismiss  teachers  subject  to  direction  of  district      §  124 

*  The  committeeman  of  a  school  district  is  a  public  agent     22  Conn  383 

3  Must  be  a  resident  of  the  district    §  170 

Committee  must  conform  to  vote  of  district,  and  its  authority  de  school- 
house  and  teacher  is  contingent  on  failure  of  district  to  act     33  Conn  304  305 

Has  power  to  remove  teacher  unless  district  votes  otherwise  33  Conn  304 
Mandamus  will  lie  to  compel  committee  to  conform  to  order  of  district     lb 

^  Previous  to  enactment  of  §  198  committee  might  contract  with  teacher  for  a 
period  beyond  term  of  office     36  Conn  282     See  §  236 

Committeeman  may  forcibly  remove  scholar  '41  Conn  446 

Committee  may  act  as  a  board  by  a  majority  if  all  are  present  or  have 
notice    46  Conn  408         4  §§  160  167  214 


63 

stating  the  object  for  which  a  meeting  is  desired,  to  be  held 
within  fifteen  days  after  such  request  is  presented,  and  for  any 
failure  so  to  comply  with  such  request  they  shall  be  fined  not 
more  than  thirty  dollars. 

They  shall  provide  suitable  schoolrooms,1  and  furnish  the 
same  with  fuel  properly  prepared ; 

Visit  the  schools,  by  one  or  more  of  their  number,  twice  at 
least  during  each  term ; 

Shall,  when  the  scholars  are  not  properly  supplied  with 
books,  and  their  parents  are  too  poor  to  furnish  them,  provide 
the  same,  the  cost  thereof  to  be  included  in  the  incidental  ex- 
penses of  the  term;2 

Shall  suspend,  or  expel  from  school  for  the  term,  or  for  any 
part  thereof,  all  pupils  found  guilty,  on  full  hearing,  of  in- 
corrigibly bad  conduct ; 

And  shall  give  such  information  and  assistance  to  the  school 
visitors  of  the  town  as  they  may  require. 

§  197     The  committee  shall  give  to  the  secretary  of  the  asseassu 
board  of  school  visitors  notice  of  the  date  of  the  commence-  Rey^ssSu 
ment  and  close  of  each  school  term,  within  one  week  of  said  i889chs26§2: 
commencement,  and  at  least  four  weeks  before  the  close,  re-  Report8 
spectively,  and  each  committee  shall,  at  the  expiration  of  its 
term  of  office,  on  the  fifteenth  of  July  in  each  year,  or  within 
five  days  thereafter,  report  to  the  school  visitors  in  the  manner 
and  form  prescribed  by  the  state  board  of  education.     They 
shall  return  an  enumeration  of  the  children  residing  in  the 
district  on  the  first  day  of  October  in  each  year,  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  this  title,3  and  the  committee  of  every 
district  formed  from  parts  of  two  or  more  towns,  shall  make 
such  return  to  the  school  visitors  of  each  of  said  towns,  specify- 
ing the  towns  to  which  each  person  so  enumerated  belongs;4 
and  shall  make  returns  to  the  secretary  of  the  board  of  school 
visitors  of  the  town  having  jurisdiction  over  the  district  of  the 
receipts,  expenditures,  and  statistics,  in  accordance  with  blank 
forms  furnished  by  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation.5 

§  198     No  committee  of  any  school  district  elected  under  oswettas 
the  provisions  of  §  170,  shall  enter  into  any  contract  in  behalf    1895ch  8 

-        .  -     «.  *.  ,  <      i  .  e    ^  Limitation  of 

of  said  district  extending  beyond  the  expiration  of  the  term  power  to  make 
for  which  he  may  have  been  elected,  without  first  obtaining  at 
a  meeting  of  said  district  legally  called  for  that  purpose  a  ma- 
jority vote  in  favor  of  such  proposed  action.6 

1  When  the  district  has  a  proper  schoolhouse  the  committee  cannot  provide 
another  schoolroom  elsewhere     28  Conn  333         8  §  49         3  §  241        4  §  265 
1  To  be  notified  of  estimates  and  appropriations    §§  254  256        6  §  119 


64 

Chapter   XIV 
Consolidation  of  School  Districts 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  136,  page  577 

§  199     Any  town  may  abolish  all  the  school  districts,  and 

GSimim      parts  of  school  districts,2  within  its  limits,  and  assume  and 

1    maintain  control  of  the  public  schools  therein,  subject  to  the 

1889  ch  819      requirements  and  restrictions  imposed  by  the  general  assembly ; 

and  for  this  purpose  every  such  town  shall  constitute  one  school 

dXTcidation°f  district,  having  all  the  powers  and  duties  of  a  school  district, 

with  the  exceptions  hereinafter  stated.8 

1  The  following  towns  are  managing  their  schools  under  the  provisions  of 
this  chapter  :  -  Andover  -  Beacon  Falls  -  Berlin  -  Bethany  -  Bethel  -  Bethle- 
hem -  Bolton  -  Branford  -  Brooklyn  -  Canaan  -  Canton  -Chaplin  -  Cheshire  - 
Chester -Clinton -Coventry- Cromwell -Danbury-  East  Granby-East  Had- 
dam  -  East  Hartford  -  East  Haven  -  East  Lyme  -  Easton  -  East  Windsor - 
Ellington  -  Enfield  -  Essex  -  Fairfield  -  Franklin  -  Goshen-  Greenwich  -  Guilford 

-  Hamden  -  Harwinton  -  Huntington  -  Killingly  -  Killingworth  -  Lisbon  - 
Litchfield  -  Madison  -  Mansfield  -  Meriden  -  Milford  -  New  Britain  -  New  Canaan 

-  New  Hartford  -  Newington  -  New  London-  New  Milford -Norfolk -North 
Canaan -Norwalk- Norwich-  Old  Lyme  -Old  Saybrook  -  Oxford  -  Plainfield  - 
Plainville  -  Plymouth  -  Portland  -  Prospect  -  Putnam  -  Ridgefield  -  Rocky  Hill  - 
Saybrook  -  Scotland  -  Seymour  -  Simsbury  -  Somers  -  Southington  -  Stafford  - 
Stamford  -  Stonington  -  Stratford  -Suffield-Thomaston-  Thompson -Tolland - 
Torrington  -  Trumbull  -  Washington  -  Westbrook  -  West  Hartford  -  Westport  - 
Winchester  -  Windham  -  Windsor  Locks  -  Wolcott  -  Woodbridge  -Woodbury  - 
Woodstock  For  Ansonia  see  page  118  ;  for  Bridgeport  see  page  122  ;  for  Derby 
see  page  127. 

2  School  districts  are  mere  governmental  instruments  for  the  performance  of 
the  governmental  duty  of  providing  education     59  Conn  60 

3  Pursuant  to  statute,  §2212,  a  town  abolished  its  school  districts  and 
assumed  the  maintenance  of  its  schools  At  its  request  the  legislature  enacted  a 
law  (Special  Laws  of  1903,  p  260),  which  created  a  board  of  finance,  and  pro- 
vided that  it  should  make,  under  proper  heads,  estimates  of  the  money  necessary 
to  be  appropriated  for  the  expenses  of  the  town,  and  of  the  rate  of  taxation,  and 
lay  such  tax  as  it  should  deem  necessary  therefor  ;  and  that  such  estimates  should 
be  filed  with  the  town  clerk  on  or  before  October  1st,  and  submitted  to  an 
adjourned  annual  town  meeting  to  be  held  at  a  time  and  place  fixed  by  the  act 
It  also  prescribed  that  such  meeting  should  consider  and  act  upon  the  estimates, 
and  that  the  appropriation  and  tax  rate  so  reported  by  the  board  should  be  final 
unless  changed  by  a  majority  vote  The  school  committee  was  required  by  the 
act  to  furnish  to  the  board  an  estimate  of  the  expenses  of  maintaining  the  schools, 
and  such  estimate  was  to  be  reported  by  the  board  without  change      Held : — 

1  That  the  act  did  not  deprive  the  town  of  the  power  of  making  appropria- 
tions at  special  meetings,  nor  confine  its  action  at  such  meetings  to  the  confirma- 
tion or  change  of  such  appropriations  as  might  be  favorably  reported  by  the 
board  of  finance      77  Conn  186 

2  That  the  act  did  not  preclude  the  town  at  its  adjourned  annual  town 
meeting  from  overriding  the  action  of  the  board  of  finance  and  making  an 
appropriation  for  building  a  schoolhouse,  upon  which  the  board  had  reported 
unfavorably     lb 

3  That  if  any  warning  was  necessary  to  enable  the  town  to  act  within  the 
limits  prescribed  by  the  special  act,  a  notice  to  the  effect  that  the  meeting  was 
called  for  the  purpose,  among  others,  of  taking  action  upon  the  report  of  the 
board  of  finance  was  sufficient     lb 

%  2209  of  the  Gen  Stat,  requiring  a  two-thirds  vote  in  order  to  change  the 
site  of  a  schoolhouse,  applied  to  school  districts  only,  and  not  to  a  town  which 
has  abolished  such  districts  and  assumed  the  control  and  maintenance  of  all  the 
schools  therein     lb 


65 

§  200     Whenever  a  vote1  shall  be  taken  in  any  town  in  GSteeitls 
reference  to  abolishing  school  districts  and  assuming  control  of  1866 1869 1375 
public  schools  therein,  and  whenever  a  vote  shall  be  taken  to    issfchlS94 
re-establish  school  districts  under  §  218  of  this  chapter,  such    Schlol 
vote  shall  be  by  ballot2  at  an  annual  town  meeting  upon  notice  vote  to  be  by 
thereof  given  in  the  warning.3    The  selectmen  shall  provide  a  S ting  annual 
ballot  box  for  that  purpose,  marked  "  Consolidation  of  School 
Districts."     Those  in  favor  of  such  consolidation  shall  deposit 
in  said  box  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Consolidation  of  School 
Districts,  Yes  "  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  those  opposed 
shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Consolidation  of  School 
Districts,  No  "  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  in  towns  divided 
into  wards  or  voting  districts  for  annual  town  meetings  such  a 
ballot  box  shall  be  provided  at  each  of  such  wards  or  voting 
districts,  and  the  ballots  shall  be  examined,  assorted,  counted, 
and  declared  in  the  manner  provided  by  law.4    Section  16495  of 
the  general  statutes  in  so  far  as  the  same  is  inconsistent  here- 
with shall  not  apply  to  votes  taken  under  the  provisions  of  this 
section. 

§  201     A  vote  to  consolidate  the  school  districts  in  any 
town  into  one  district  shall  take  effect  on  the  first  Monday  of  03s"**7lu 
July  next  succeeding  said  vote,  and  any  town  assuming  the  RfL^88?§2|08 
control  of  its  public  schools,  as  provided  in  this  chapter,  may  at    I889ch2i9 
any  annual  meeting,  not  previous  to  the  fifth  annual  meeting  ^n  vote  to 
thereafter,6  vote  to  abandon  such  control  and  re-establish  the  takes  effect 
several  districts  as  they  were  before  said  action,  which  vote 
shall  be  by  ballot,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  §  200. 

§  202     The  selectmen  of  a  town  voting  to  consolidate  shall 
determine,  not  later  than  the  first  Monday  of  May,  the  number  GSse°Jz15 
of  which  the  town  school  committee  shall  consist.7    Such  com-  Rev  1888  §2195 
mittee  shall  consist  of  either  three,  six,  nine,  or  twelve  resi- 
dents of  said  town.    Every  such  town  shall,  at  a  special  meet-  Number9Ind 
ing  of  said  town  called  for  the  purpose  by  the  selectmen,  to  be  mk?ee"q0uauT~ 
held  on  the  first  Monday  of  June  following,  elect  by  ballot  a  cations 
town  school  committee  of  the  number  determined  upon  by  said 
selectmen.     In  all  cases  the  number  of  the  committee  to  be 

1  Town  registry  list  is  registry  list  for  school  purposes     §  165 

*  Official  ballots  will  be  furnished  by  the  secretary  of  state 

•  What  constitutes  sufficient  notice  ;  not  necessary  to  give  each  school  dis- 
trict particular  notice     73  Conn  166 

The  following  clause  will  be  sufficient 

To  determine  by  ballot  whether  the  town  will  abolish  all  the  school  districts 
and  parts  of  school  districts  within  its  limits  and  assume  and  maintain 
control  of  the  public  schools 
4  Gen  Stat  §  1656         6  Repealed  ch  250  §  27     Public  acts  of  1909 
6  Vote  to  abandon  control,  taken  before  the  fifth  annual  meeting,  is  of  no 
effect     73  Conn  172         7  See  §  101 


66 


o  a  tecum 

1867 
Rev  188M  §3195 

1889  ch  m 
1905  ch  97  §2 
Minority  repre- 
sentation on 
committee; 
terms  of  office 


o  s  sec  sen 

1867 
Rev  1888  §2196 
School  business 
to  be  done  at 
town  meetings 
O  S  sec  SS18 

1867 

Rev  1888  §2197 

1889  ch  47  §3 

1895  ch  67 

1895  ch  304 


elected  shall  be  stated  in  the  warning  of  said  meeting.  Such 
election  shall  be  conducted  in  the  same  manner  as  the  annual 
elections  of  towns. 

§  203  If  the  number  of  the  committee  to  be  elected  shall 
be  six  or  twelve  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  half  that 
number ;  if  the  number  be  nine,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more 
than  five,  and  the  six,  nine,  or  twelve  persons,  as  the  case  may 
be,  receiving  the  highest  number  of  votes,  shall  be  the  town 
school  committee  of  said  town  for  the  respective  terms  as  here- 
inafter provided,  commencing  on  the  first  Monday  of  July  next 
following.  The  members  of  such  committee  so  elected  shall 
divide  themselves  into  three  equal  classes,  holding  office  re- 
spectively until  the  second,  third,  and  fourth  subsequent  annual 
town  elections  of  said  town,  at  which  elections  and  at  every 
annual  election,  subsequent  to  the  last  thereof,  two,  three,  or 
four  members,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  be  elected  by  ballot 
for  a  term  of  three  years,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  §  no. 
If  the  number  of  the  committee  to  be  elected  shall  be  three, 
the  members  thereof  shall  all  be  annually1  elected  at  the  annual 
town  meeting,  and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two; 
the  three  persons  receiving  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall 
be  such  town  school  committee. 

§  204  All  business  relating  to  public  schools  in  such  towns 
shall  be  transacted  at  town  meetings.2 

§  205  The  town  school  committee  shall  have  the  powers 
and  duties  of  high  school  committees,3  district  committees,4  and 
boards  of  school  visitors ;  5  6 

1  May  be  elected  biennially  under  the  following  act  if  the  electors  shall  so 
determine  : 

Chapter  227,  Acts  of  1907,  Sec.  1.  Any  town,  if  the  electors  thereof 
shall  so  determine  by  ballot  at  an  annual  meeting  of  such  town  or  at  a  special 
meeting  thereof  duly  warned  and  held  for  that  purpose,  may,  at  the  annual 
town  meeting  next  thereafter  held,  and  biennially  thereafter,  elect  any  or  all 
town  officers  now  required  by  law  to  be  elected  annually,  to  hold  office  for  the 
term  of  two  years  from  the  date  of  their  election  and  until  their  successors 
shall  be  elected  and  qualified.     See  §§  100,  101,  103 

9  See  note  §  60        3  §  70        4  Ch  xiii  page  62 

5  §  116  Return  of  names  to  secretary  of  state  §  103  Term  of  office  6  104 
Refusal  to  accept  office     §  105     Eligibility    §  107 

6  Duties  and  powers 

Town  school  committee 

1  To  enforce  labor  law     §  29 

2  Forward  names  of  pupils  for  normal  schools     §  14 

Recommend  students  for  normal  school     §  17 

3  Give  leaving  certificates     §   20 

4  Examine  manufacturing  establishments    §  30 

5  If  directed  by  town,  purchase  text-books    §  47 

6  Grant  hearing  to  parents  in  certain  cases     §  *o 

7  Superintend  high  schools    §  71 


67 

Shall  see  that  good  public  schools  of  the  different  grades  „ 

.    .         .  .  -     ,  e  °     ,  General  powers 

are  maintained  in  the.  various  parts  of  the  town  for  not  less  of  town  school 

than  the  length  of  time  that  would  be  required  had  no  such 

consolidation  been  made ; 

Manage  the  property  of  the  town  pertaining  to  schools  j1 
Examine,2  employ,  and  dismiss  the  teachers  for  the  school 

of  such  towns:3 


8  Consent  to  attendance  of  children  at  non-local  hip- 
Consent  to  conveyance  of  high  school  children     £  76 

9  Provide  evening  school  instruction     §  80 

Rooms,  etc.,  for  evening  schools     §  81 
Certify  attendance  to  comptroller     §  83 
Request  relief  from  evening  school  law     §  85 

10  Organization 

Choose  chairman,  secretary     §    116 
For  enumeration  of  duties  see  §   116 
When  chairman  shall  call  meeting     §  117 
Secretary  shall  keep  records     §  118 

11  Appoint  acting  visitors     §120 

Superintendent     §  121 
Compensation     §  122 

12  Examine  teachers  and  grant  certificates     §  123 

Revoke  certificates     §  123 

13  Employ  and  dismiss  teachers     §  124 

14  Members  cannot  be  appointed  teachers     §125 

15  Select  and  approve  books  and  apparatus     §§  126,  238 

16  Return  to  comptroller  children  of  certain  ages     §  127 

17  Text  books,  cannot  change  except  by  two-thirds  vote     §  130 

18  May  require  vaccination     §  131 

19  Preserve  books  and  documents     §  132 

20  May  administer  oath     §  1 33 

21  May  choose  superintendent     §§  134,  138 

Form  supervision  district     §  135 
Certify  salary  to  state  board  of  education     §  136 
Choose  superintendent  in  towns  having  20  to  30  teachers     §  138 
Certify  salary  to  state  board  of  education     §  139 
Petition  state  board  of  education  for  agent  to  supervise  schools 
§  uo 

22  Custodian  of  registers    §  238 

23  May  appropriate  library  money     §  240 

24  Make  enumeration     §  244 

Examine  and  correct  returns     §  244 

25  Make  certificate  to  comptroller    §  246 

e6     Certify  to  average  attendance  in  certain  towns     §  249 

27  Penalty  for  fraudulent  returns     §  268 

28  Recommend  changes  in  schoolhouses  to  secure  light,  ventilation,  or 

sanitary  arrangements     §  305 

29  May  appoint  school  physician     §  294 

May  cause  children  to  be  tested     §  297 
May  appoint  matron  or  nurse   §299 

1  The  assumption  of  control  by  the  town  carries  with  it  all  necessary  power 
to  repair  school  buildings     71  Conn  740  741 

A  town  assuming  control  of  the  school  property  holds  it  in  trust  for  educa- 
tional purposes     73  Conn  170  171 

Transfer  of  control  from  districts  to  town  is  merely  a  transfer  from  one  pub- 
lic agency  to  another     Jb 

•§123         3§i24 


68 

Lodge  all  bonds,  leases,  notes,  and  other  securities  with  the 
treasurer  of  said  town,  unless  the  same  have  been  intrusted  to 
others  by  the  grantors,  or  the  general  assembly ; 

Pay  the  town  treasurer  all  money  which  they  may  receive 
for  the  support  of  schools  ; 

Determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the  scholars  to 
be  admitted  into  each  school ; 

Designate  the  schools  which  shall  be  attended  by  the  chil- 
dren within  their  jurisdiction,  and  may  arrange  with  the  com- 
mittee of  any  adjacent  town  or  district  for  the  instruction 
therein  of  such  children  as  may  attend  there  more  conveniently ; 

Shall  fill  vacancies  in  their  own  number  until  the  next 
annual  town  meeting  when  vacancies  shall  be  filled  as  pro- 
vided in  §  203,  and  the  ballot  shall  distinctly  specify  the 
vacancy  to  be  filled;1 

Shall  annually,  during  the  first  two  weeks  of  September, 
ascertain  the  expenses  of  maintaining  the  schools  under  their 
superintendence,  during  the  year  ending  the  fourteenth  day 
of  the  previous  July,2  and  report  the  same,  with  the  amount  of 
moneys  received  toward  the  payment  thereof,  to  the  annual 
town  meeting,  and  shall,  at  the  same  time,  make  a  full  report 
of  their  doings,  and  the  condition  of  the  schools  under  their 
superintendence,  and  of  all  important  matters  concerning  the 
same; 

And  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may  be  required 

1  A  law  special  and  local  in  its  application  is  not  affected  by  a  statute  genera 
in  terms,  unless  the  intent  that  it  should  have  such  effect  is  clearly  manifest  82 
Conn  122 

A  report  of  a  statute  by  implication  is  not  favored,  and  is  never  presumed 
when  the  old  and  new  statute  may  well  stand  together    lb 

Section  10  of  the  chapter  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  (14  Special  Laws,  p. 
921)  provides  for  an  election  of  city  officers,  including  a  school  committee,  by 
the  voters,  and  Sec  14  declares  that  "all  vacancies  in  any  of  the  said  offices  shall 
be  filled  by  the  common  council."  Section  37  invests  the  school  committee  with 
all  the  rights,  powers  and  duties  possessed  by  committees  of  consolidated  school 
districts  and  by  selectmen,  under  the  laws  of  this  State,  one  of  which  (Sec.  2218) 
prescribes  that  town  school  committees  shall  fill  vacancies  in  their  own  number 
until  the  next  annual  meeting.  Held  that  these  apparently  inconsistent  pro- 
visions could  both  stand  and  have  effect,  the  special  law  as  applicable  to  the 
particular  case  of  New  Britain,  and  the  general  law  to  the  towns  of  the  State  at 
large ;  and  therefore  the  common  council  of  New  Britain  and  not  the  school 
committee  was  empowered  to  fill  vacancies  in  the  latter  body    lb 

In  quo  warranto  proceedings  the  burden  is  upon  the  respondent  to  show  a 
complete  title  to  the  office  in  dispute ;  otherwise  judgment  of  ouster  must  be 
rendered  against  him 

2  §255 


69 

of  them  by  the  town  or  which  may  be  necessary  to  carry  into 
effect  the  provisions  of  this  title.1 2 

§  206     Such  towns  shall  assume  the  property  and  be  re-  0  88*1x19 
sponsible  for  the  debts  of  the  districts  within  their  respective  Rev  1^JWfi8 
limits.3    Such  property  shall  be  appraised  and  the  amount  of  the  _ 
debts  estimated  under  the  direction  of  the  town,  and  the  ap-  Boiidated  di»- 


1  Powers  conferred  and  duties  imposed  by  this  section  construed  65  Conn 
t83  The  law  and  the  facts  existing  when  an  action  at  law  is  brought  must 
ordinarily  govern  its  disposition  82  Conn  563  Chapter  146  of  the  public 
acts  of  1909  concerning  town  management  of  all  public  schools,  worked  no  sub- 
stantial change  in  the  respective  rights  of  towns  and  town  school  committees 
with  reference  to  discontinuing  or  reopening  schools  in  towns  containing  but  a 
single  school  district      lb 

Town  school  committees  form  part  of  the  agencies  of  the  state  for  the  due 
performance  of  the  obligation,  which  it  has  always  assumed  of  providing  for  the 
proper  education  of  the  young  In  exercising  its  powers,  which  are  largely  dis- 
cretionary, such  a  committee  is  not  the  agent  of  the  town  but  of  the  law,  and 
therefore  is  not  subject  to  the  control  of  the  town  with  regard  t®  reopening  a 
school  which  the  committee  has  seen  fit  to  close      lb 

General  statutes,  section  2218,  which  provides  that  town  school  committees 
"  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may  be  required  of  them  by  the  town," 
has  reference  only  to  such  acts  as  the  town  can  lawfully  require  the  committee 
to  perform      lb 

2  In  a  matter  in  which  it  has  an  interest,  a  municipal  corporation  may  in- 
demnify its  agent  or  officer  who  has  acted  in  good  faith  in  the  discharge  of  a 
duty  imposed  or  authorized  by  law,  or  may  assume  the  defense  of  a  suit  brought 
against  it  for  such  acts     79  Conn  237 

In  the  present  case  the  acting  school  visitors  and  two  members  of  the  town 
school  committee,  acting  in  good  faith,  investigated  certain  rumors  affecting  the 
moral  fitness  of  a  teacher  in  the  service  of  the  town,  and  upon  becoming  satisfied 
of  their  truth  so  informed  her,  but  upon  her  denial,  suggested  a  continuance  of 
the  investigation  or  her  resignation  ;  whereupon  she  resigned  and  sued  them  for 
conspiring  to  force  her  out  of  her  position.     Held  :  — 

1  That  the  defendant  town,  having  assumed  the  maintenance  and  control 
of  all  the  public  schools  within  its  limits,  had  a  direct  interest  in  the  fitness  of 
its  teachers  and  in  the  subject-matter  of  the  investigation 

2  That  in  making  the  investigation  those  who  conducted  it  clearly  acted 
within  the  lines  of  their  duty 

3  That  it  was  immaterial  that  they  themselves  had  no  power  to  discharge 
the  teacher,  but  could  only  report  their  conclusions  to  the  entire  committee  ; 
since  they  did  not  undertake  to  dismiss  her,  or  to  pass  any  judgment  in  the  matter 

4  That  it  was  competent  for  the  town  either  to  employ  counsel  to  defend 
the  suit  brought  against  said  investigators,  or  to  ratify  the  action  of  its  town 
school  committee  in  retaining  an  attorney  for  that  purpose 

The  complaint  alleged  that  the  school  committee  of  the  defendant  town  had 
employed  the  plaintiff  as  an  attorney  to  defend  its  members  when  sued  for  their 
acts  as  such  ;  that  they  had  reported  their  action  to  the  town  in  their  annual  re- 
port, printed  and  circulated  among  the  voters,  and  that  thereupon,  at  a  town- 
meeting  specially  warned  to  determine  what  part,  if  any,  of  the  plaintiff's  fees  the 
town  would  pay,  after  a  full  discussion  a  motion  forbidding  the  selectmen  to  pay 
any  attorney  fees  in  such  action  was  defeated,  which  action  was  taken  with  the 
full  understanding  that  if  said  motion  was  defeated  the  action  of  the  school  com- 
mittee would  be  carried  into  effect :  and  that  afterward  the  town  paid  the  plain- 
tiff for  the  services  rendered  to  that  time,  and  that  he  had  subsequently  rendered 
further  proper  services  under  the  same  employment.  Held  that  these  allega- 
tions established  at  least  a  prima  facie  obligation  upon  the  part  of  the  town, 
either  by  way  of  ratification  or  of  estoppel,  to  compensate  the  plaintiff  for  his 
services  thereafter  rendered  and  his  expenses  thereafter  incurred  pursuant  to  such 
employment 

1  See  §  153 


praised  value  of  such  property  may  be  raised  by  a  tax  to  be 
laid  by  the  town  on  its  grand  list  next  completed ;  and  if  such 
tax  is  raised,  the  taxpayers  in  each  of  the  districts  previously 
existing  shall  be  paid  or  credited  on  the  rate  bill  with  their 
respective  proportions  of  any  excess  of  the  property  of  such 
district  over  and  above  its  liabilities,  as  ascertained  by  the 
town;  or  the  difference  in  the  value  of  the  property  of  the 
several  districts  may  be  adjusted  in  any  other  manner  agreed 
upon  by  the  parties  in  interest.  Permanent  funds  vested  in 
any  town  for  school  purposes  shall  remain  in  charge  of  the 
1907  chap.  98      school  fund  treasurer  of  the  town.1 

SSffic££f         §  207     Whenever  any  town  has  consolidated  or  shall  con- 
mittee  solidate  the  school  districts  within  such  town  under  the  pro- 

visions of  §  199  and  has  voted  or  shall  vote  to  appraise  the 
property  of  said  districts,  the  first  selectman,  one  member  of 
the  town  school  committee  elected  as  provided  by  §  202  to 
be  appointed  by  said  committee,  and  one  member  of  the  board 
of  assessors,  to  be  appointed  by  said  board  of  assessors,  shall 
constitute  a  committee  to  make  the  appraisal  provided  for 
1907  chap.  93      by  this  section. 

98m  §  208     Whenever  any  town  shall  have  assumed  control  of 

Rev  1888  §2199    and  appraised  the  school  property  as  provided  in  §  206,  the 

1  An  order  for  the  payment  of  money  which  specifies  no  time  of  payment  is 
in  legal  effect,  and  as  between  the  parties,  due  and  payable  immediately  It  is, 
however,  competent  for  the  parties  to  agree — as  they  did  in  the  present  case  — 
that  the  loan  evidenced  by  such  an  obligation  shall  remain  a  continuing  one 
until  such  contractual  relation  is  terminated  either  by  payment  by  the  debtor, 
or  by  demand  or  suit  by  the  creditor     78  Conn  319 

Interest  upon  a  loan  reserving  less  than  six  per  cent  should  be  computed  up 
to  the  date  of  the  defendant's  default  at  the  rate  fixed  by  the  parties,  and  there- 
after, in  the  absence  of  any  agreement,  at  the  legal  rate      lb 

In  1897  the  defendant  town  consolidated  its  school  districts  and  for  five 
years  thereafter  assumed  and  maintained  at  its  own  expense  the  exclusive  control 
of  its  public  schools  In  1902,  by  a  vote  of  the  town,  the  old  system  was  restored 
and  the  pre-existing  districts  re-assumed  their  functions  and  took  possession  and 
control  of  the  property  owned  by  them  respectively  before  the  consolidation 
Held  that  under  the  provision  of  §  2198  of  the  Gen  Stat  of  1888  (Rev  1902, 
f  2219),  to  the  effect  that  towns  consolidating  their  school  districts  "  shall  assume 
the  property  and  be  responsible  for  the  debts  of  the  district,"  the  action  taken  by 
the  town  in  respect  to  consolidation  was  in  itself  an  assumption  of  the  property 
of  the  districts  and  of  liability  for  their  debts,  notwithstanding  the  steps  pre- 
scribed in  §  2198  looking  to  an  equitable  adjustment  of  property  rights  and 
liabilities  as  between  the  taxpayers  of  the  several  districts  were  not  pursued  by 
the  town  officials  to  whose  discretion  the  matter  was  entrusted  by  vote  of  the 
town  ;  and  therefore  the  town  was  liable  for  the  interest  which  had  accrued 
during  the  period  of  consolidation  on  a  debt  of  one  of  the  school  districts      lb 

The  town  contended  that  a  judgment  against  it  for  such  interest  would  be 
inequitable  to  the  taxpayers  of  the  several  districts  Held  that  the  facts  disclosed 
by  the  record  gave  no  sufficient  support  to  such  claim,  and  the  town  was  in  no 
position  to  take  advantage  of  that  possibility,  inasmuch  as  the  predicament  was 
due  to  the  failure  of  its  own  officials  in  1897  to  take  the  statutory  steps  which 
would  have  equalized  any  burdens  upon  the  taxpayers  which  might  have  been 
created  by  the  new  conditions      76 


7* 

town  may,  by  vote  in  town  meeting,  extend  the  time  in  which  Time  for  paying 
the  taxpayers  of  any  district  or  districts  shall  be  required  to  taxexten^ed 
pay  the  excess  of  assessment  over  the  appraised  value  of  the 
property  in  such  district  for  a  period  not  exceeding  five  years, 
and  all  the  property  belonging  to  the  school  districts  over 
which  any  town  has  assumed  or  shall  assume  control  shall  be 
vested  in  such  town  to  be  held  for  school  purposes  so  long  as  so 
required,  and  may  be  sold  and  deeded  by  said  town  when  not 
required  for  school  purposes. 

§  209     Whenever  any  town  has  voted,  or  shall  vote,  to  as-  &ssecmi 
sume  control  of  all  the  schools,  as  provided  in  this  chapter,  in  Revl8^fL2oo 
case  there  is  a  joint  district  the  selectmen  of  the  towns  out  of  proceedings  in 
which  such  joint  district  is  formed  shall  meet  within  ten  days  gjJJJ* joint  dis 
after  receiving  a  written  request  for  such  meeting  signed  by  the 
first  selectman  of  either  of  said  towns,  and  appraise  the  school- 
house  and  other  school  property  owned  and  used  by  said  joint 
district  and  determine  what  proportion  is  owned  by  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  towns  residing  in  said  district.     If  the  several 
boards  of  selectmen  shall  not  agree,  the  same  shall  be  deter- 
mined by  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  upon  application  of 
either  of  the  boards  of  selectmen,  and  his  decision  shall  be  final. 
The  proportion  belonging  to  the  taxpayers  of  the  town  in  which 
the  property  is  not  located,  after  deducting  the  indebtedness 
of  the  district,  shall  be  paid  to  the  treasurer  of  such  town  by  190Bchw 
the  treasurer  of  the  town  in  which  such  property  is  located. 

§  210     In  case  any  school  district,  formerly  existing  in  a  oa$ec  tm 
town  in  which  the  school  districts  have  been  or  shall  be  abol-  Revi^§2aoi 
ished  or  consolidated,  has  received  a  permanent  fund  for  the  Management  of 
support  of  a  school  or  schools  in  said  district,  the  school  fund  {Hf"6"1 
treasurer  shall  have  charge  of  it,  and  keep  a  separate  account 
thereof ;  and  the  income  of  said  fund  shall  be  held  subject  to  the 
order  of  the  town  school  committee,  which  shall  apply  it  for  the 
benefit  of  the  school  or  schools  within  or  nearest  to  the  limits  of 
the  district  formerly  existing,  in  such  manner  as  to  carry  out, 
as  nearly  as  possible,  the  intent  of  the  grantor  of  said  fund.1 

§  211     Every  such  town  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  from  gstectns 
the  state,  annually,  and  upon  the  conditions  prescribed  for       i^Long 
school  districts,  for  the  purposes  of  school  libraries,  a  sum  not  Scnool  librarie8 
exceeding  the  aggregate  amount  which  the  former  districts  of 
said  town  might  have  received  in  like  circumstances.2 

§  212     The  expenses  of  maintaining  public  schools  in  such  gssecrm 
towns,  which  shall  be  incurred  with  the  approval  of  the  town  5ev^p*«) 

«        V  .  .     IM  ...        ;  rr  ,  Rev  1888  §2208 

school  committee,  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer  on  orders    1903  en  59 

1  §§  59  253     8  Ch  xvii  page  81 


72 
payment  of        drawn  by  the  town  school  committee,  except  so  far  as  they 

achoolezpoiuK*    ^^    ^    ^    fey    ^    mcQme    frQm    locaj    school    fun(JS.       Such 

orders  may  be  signed  by  such  persons  on  behalf  of  the  school 
committee  as  the  committee  by  by-law  or  special  vote,  certified 
by  the  secretary  to  the  town  treasurer,  may  provide ;  and  in  the 
absence  of  such  by-law  or  special  direction  by  the  secretary. 
GB»«etm  §  213     When  any  part  of  a  school  district  lying  in  two  or 

iter  18^88304  more  towns  sna11  be  abolished  or  consolidated  by  either,  its 
Notice  when  selectmen  shall  give  immediate  notice  thereof  to  the  selectmen 
Eahouihfld10*  of  tne  otner  town  or  towns>  which  shall  thereafter  provide  for 
the  schooling  of  the  children  belonging  thereto,  who  formerly 
belonged  to  said  school  district.1 
GS8e\mG  §  2I4     An)r  scn°o1  district  which  has  been,  or  shall  be, 

rct  1888  saws  abolished  by  any  town,  may  settle  and  close  up  its  affairs  ;  and 
affainfoT  '  its  district  committee  last  elected,  or  the  selectmen  of  said  town, 
abolished  dis-      may  ^jj  speci-ai  meetings  of  the  district. 

GSsec&m  §  215     If  any  such  district  has,  or  shall,  become  liable,  by 

Rev ia«S2806     judgment  or  otherwise,  to  pay  any  claims  or  demands  upon  it, 
Payment  of        or  ^  expenses  and  liabilities  have  been  or  shall  be  incurred  by  it 
debts  of  district  m  settling  up  its  affairs,  after  consolidation,  the  selectmen  of 
said  town,  upon  the  request  of  said  district,  shall  pay  the  same 
and  charge  the  amount  to  the  district,  and  said  amount  shall 
be  raised  by  the  selectmen  adding  the  same  to  the  tax  to  be 
laid  by  the  said  town  on  its  grand  list  next  completed  of  the 
taxable  property  of  such  district. 
osncms  §  2I6     Said  selectmen  shall  collect  all  taxes,  claims,  and 

Rev  1888  §2207  demands  in  favor  of  such  district,  in  the  name  of  the  district, 
taxesCof°dis0trict  and  credit  the  same  to  the  district,  less  expenses  of  collection. 
6  ^JJ**  §  2I7     When  any  town  has  voted  to  re-establish  its  school 

Rev  1888  §2209    districts  as  provided  in  §  201,  each  of  the  districts  shall  pay  the 
TojvnBreim-       town  for  all  improvements  which  the  town  has  made  on  the 
proveraente        schoolhouse,  its  furniture,  and  appurtenances  within  the  dis- 
trict.    The  amounts  to  be  thus  paid  shall  be  determined  by  the 
selectmen  and  the  town  school  committee.     When  such  pay- 
ments are  made  the  town  shall  restore  or  make  good  to  each 
of  the  districts  the  school  property  and  local  funds  formerly 
belonging  to  the  district.     If  any  district  shall  refuse  or  neglect 
to  make  the  payment  required  by  this  section  till  the  expiration 
of  six  months  after  the  passage  of  the  vote  of  the  town  to  re- 
establish the  districts,  the  selectmen  may  cause  a  tax  sufficient 
to  make  said  payment,  including  the  cost  of  laving  and  collect- 
ing such  tax,  to  be  laid  on  the  district  in  the  manner  provided 
by  law  for  school  district  taxes  except  that  the  selectmen  shall 
'§§158159 


73 

perform  the  duties  required  of  district  committees  therein,  and 
to  be  collected  and  paid  to  the  town. 

§  218     A  vote  to  re-establish  the  school  districts  shall  not  }qs  see  saso 
take  effect  further  than  to  authorize  the  district  to  hold  meet-  Rev  ^S^ 
irfgs,  lay  and  collect  taxes,  and  appoint  officers  for  these  pur-  votetore-estab- 
poses,  till  all  the  settlements  and  payments  required  by  §  217 
have  been  made ;  and  unless  such  payments  and  settlements  are 
made  within  one  year  after  the  passage  of  said  vote  said  vote 
shall  be  null  and  void. 

§  219     When  any  town  in  which  the  school  districts  have  ossectm 
been  consolidated  has  abandoned  or  shall  abandon  such  system,  Rey  j^Lm 
the  persons  elected  school  committee  of  such  consolidated  dis-  Town  school 
tricts  at  the  election  next  preceding  such  abandonment  shall  be  Sm^achoof^ 
and  remain  the  members  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  such  itors 
town,  with  all  the  powers  and  duties  of  school  visitors,  during 
the  term  for  which  they  were  or  may  be  respectively  elected,  in 
the  same  manner  as  if  elected  school  visitors  of  such  town. 

§  220     Towns  sail  have  the  same  powers,  and  be  subject  oa seems 
to  the  same  regulations,  as  school  districts,  in  taking  land  for  Revi888§23i8 
schoolhouses,  outbuildings,  and  convenient  accommodations  for     1895  ch  ^ 

sirhnrklc  *  Taking  land  for 

ov,awi3.  school  purposes 

Cmapter  XVs 
Town  management  of  public  schools 

Public  acts  1909  chapter  146 

§  221     Every  town   in  this   state   shall,   from   and   after  i9Wchi46§i 

t    1  1  1  1      r     11     1  11-     Towns  control 

July  15,  1909,  assume  and  maintain  the  control  ot  all  the  public  and  manage 
schools  within  its  limits,  and  for  this  purpose  every  town  shall 
be  a  school  district,  and  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  duties 
of  school  districts  except  in  so  far  as  such  powers  and  duties 
are  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

§  222     All  business  concerning  the  public  schools,  includ-  gSfoo?  btifneeB 
ins:  all  heretofore  necessary  or  proper  to  be  transacted  in  dis-  transacted  m 

.  .  1     n     1  f    •  •  rrvi       town  meeting 

tnct  meetings,  shall  be  transacted  m  town  meetings,  ine 
annual  town  meeting  shall  be  the  annual  school  district  meet- 
ing. 

1  §§  184-186 

*  The  following  towns  are  managing  schools  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  :  -  Ashford  -  Avon  -  Barkhamsted  -  Bloomfield  -  Bozrah  -  Bridgewater  - 
Brookfield  -  Burlington  -  Canterbury  -  Chatham  -  Colebrook  -  Columbia  -  Corn- 
wall -  Darien  -  Durham  -  Eastford  -  Glastonbury  -  Granby  -  Haddam-  Hamp- 
ton -  Hartland  -  Hebron  -  Kent  -  Lebanon  -  Ledyard  -  Lyme  -  Marlboro  -  Mid- 
dlebury  -  Middlefield  -  Monroe  -  Montville  -  Morris  -  New  Fairfield  -  North 
Branford  -  North  Haven  -  North  Stonington  -  Pomfret  -  Preston  -  Redding  - 
Roxbury  -  Salem  -  Salisbury  -  Sharon  -  Sherman  -  Southbury  -  South  Windsor  - 
Sprague  -  Sterling  -  Union  -  Voluntown  -  Warren  -  Waterford  -  Watertown  - 
Weston  -  Wethersfield  -  Willington  -  Wilton  -  Windsor 


74 


1909  ch  146  §3 
Election  of  com 
inittee 


.  repre- 
sentation 


Vacancies 


Temporary 

committee 


Number  of 
committee 


Powers  and 

f  town 

;;tee8 


§  223  At  its  annual  town  meeting,  every  town  which  now 
has  a  board  of  school  visitors  shall  elect  by  ballot  three,  six, 
nine,  or  twelve  residents  of  the  town  as  a  school  committee, 
who  shall  divide  themselves  into  three  classes  to  hold  office 
from  the  time  of  their  election  until  the  expiration  of  one, 
two,  and  three  years,  respectively,  from  the  day  of  their  elec- 
tion. If  the  number  to  be  chosen  be  three,  the  members  thereof 
shall  be  annually1  elected  at  the  annual  town  meeting,  and 
no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two;  the  three  persons 
receiving  the  highest  votes  shall  be  such  town  school  committee. 
If  the  number  to  be  chosen  be  six  or  twelve,  no  person  shall 
vote  for  more  than  half  that  number.  If  the  number  be  nine, 
no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  five.  At  every  subsequent 
annual  town  meeting,  two,  three,  or  four  members,  as  the  case 
may  be,  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  for  the  term  of  three  years, 
to  begin  on  the  day  of  election ;  provided,  that  if  the  number 
of  the  committee  is  three  the  whole  number  shall  be  elected 
as  above  prescribed.  If  the  number  to  be  chosen  be  two  or 
four,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  half  that  number. 
If  the  number  to  be  chosen  be  three,  no  person  shall  vote  for 
more  than  two.  Said  school  committee  shall  have  power  to 
fill  vacancies  in  its  membership  until  the  next  annual  election, 
when  such  vacancies  shall  be  filled  for  the  remainder  of  the 
term  by  the  town,  by  ballot.  From  the  fifteenth  of  July,  1909, 
until  the  next  annual  town  meeting,  the  school  visitors  and  the 
chairmen  of  the  committees  of  the  district  within  each  town 
shall  constitute  a  joint  board,  having  the  powers  and  duties 
of  the  school  committees  created  by  this  act.  After  the  afore- 
said date  no  boards  of  school  visitors  shall  be  elected,  and  no 
district  committees,  except  in  districts  organized  under  special 
acts,  and  in  districts  which  retain  their  organization  in  the 
manner  hereinafter  provided.  Any  town  may,  at  any  time, 
vote  to  make  the  number  of  its  school  committee  either  three, 
six,  nine,  or  twelve,  and  at  each  subsequent  election  one-third 
of  the  new  number  shall  be  elected  in  the  manner  above  pro- 
vided, but  those  heretofore  elected  shall  remain  in  office  until 
the  expiration  of  their  terms ;  provided,  however,  that  in  every 
town  now  constituting  a  consolidated  school  district  the  school 
committee  shall  be  of  the  same  number  and  shall  be  elected  in 
the  same  manner  as  at  present. 

§  224     Said  school  committee  shall,  in  general,  have  all 
the  powers  and  perform  the  duties  both  of  district  committees2 


Ch 


75 

and  board  of  school  visitors,1  except  in  so  far  as  such  powers 
and  duties  are  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

They  shall  maintain  in  their  several  towns  good  common 
schools,  of  the  different  grades,  at  such  places  and  times  as  in 
their  judgment  shall  hest  subserve  the  interests  of  education,  vantages" 
and  as  shall  give  all  the  scholars  of  the  town  as  nearly  equal 
advantages  as  may  be  practicable; 

They  shall  have  charge  of  schools  heretofore  organized 
or  maintained  by  their  respective  towns ; 

•  They  shall  appoint  a  chairman  and  secretary,  who  shall  officers 
respectively  perform  the  duties  and  exercise  the  powers  now 
pertaining  to  the  chairman  and  secretary  of  the  boards  of 
school  visitors;2 

They  shall  appoint  one  or  more  acting  visitors  or  a  superin-  Superintendent 
tendent  to  exercise,  under  their  discretion,  a  supervision  over 
schools  ;3 

They  shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  buildings,  Sj^fJ^etc1 
lands,  apparatus,  and  other  property  used  for  school  purposes ; 

They  shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the 
scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school ; 

They  shall  employ  a  requisite  number  of  qualified  teachers,4  Employ  teachers 
but  shall  make  no  contract  for  a  longer  period  than  one  year ;  for  one  year 

Th«y  shall  designate  the  schools  which  shall  be  attended  Assign  children 
by  the  various  children  within  their  several  towns,  and  shall  t0BCh0°l8 
make  such  provisions  as  will  enable  every  child  of  school  age, 
residing  in  the  town,  who  is  of  proper  mental  and  physical 
condition,  to  attend  some  public  day  school  for  the  period  re- 
quired by  law,  and  they  may  provide  for  the  transportation  Transportation 
of  children  wherever  transportation  may  seem  reasonable  and  Apree  with  ad- 
desirable,6  and  they  may  arrange,  if  they  see  fit,  with  the  com-  JolnU)gto^ne 
mittee  of  an  adjoining  town  for  the  instruction  therein  of  such 
children  as  can  attend  school  in  such  adjoining  town  more 
conveniently ; 

They  shall  report  in  detail  to  the  annual  town  meeting  con-  Report8 
cerning  the  expenditures  on  the  schools  of  the  towns  during 
the  year  ending  on  the  fifteenth  day  of  the  previous  July,6  and 
also  concerning  their  doings,  and  the  condition  of  the  schools 
under  their  superintendence, 

And  they  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  necessary  to  carry 
into  effect  the  powers  and  duties  granted  by  this  chapter.7  8 

§  225     The  town  clerk  and  treasurer  of  each  town  shall  i909chi46,  §5 
have,  in  addition  to  the  powers  and  duties  now  imposed  by  law  cierkUrer M 

'§ti6  5§ii7  3Chxpage45  4§§i23,  124  6§§5o-53  '§255  'See6s 
Conn  183,  also  notes  on  page  69  8  For  other  duties  see  duties  of  school  visi- 
tors, note  1,  page  40,  and  duties  of  town  school  committees,  note  6,  page  66. 


76 


1909  ch  146,  $6 
K'.cords 


Debt* 


Appraisal 


Equalization 
procedure 


upon  such  officers,  all  the  powers  and  duties,  respectively,  of 
the  clerk  and  treasurer  of  a  school  district,  except  m  so  far 
as  such  duties  are  rendered  unnecessary  by  the  provisions  of 
this  chapter. 

§  226  The  records  of  the  districts  heretofore  existing  m 
each  town  shall  be  handed  over  to  the  town  clerk  of  such  town, 
1909  ch  H6,  §7    and  shall  be  preserved  by  the  town. 

§  227  All  property  heretofore  held  by  school  districts 
shall  vest  in  the  towns  in  which  such  districts  are  situated, 
to  be  held  by  such  towns  for  school  purposes. 

All  debts,  obligations,  or  pecuniary  trusts  of  any  schoel 
district,  existing  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  shall 
remain  in  force  against  the  town  in  which  such  district  was 
situated,  and  shall  be  paid  and  performed  by  such  town,  except 
as  hereinafter  provided. 

The  assessors  of  each  town  shall,  on  or  before  the  thirtieth 
day  of  September,  1909,  appraise  the  property  of  each  school 
district  within  its  limits.  At  the  next  annual  town  meeting 
after  the  passage  of  this  act,  an  equalization  tax  shall  be 
levied  upon  the  grand  list  of  the  town,  equivalent  to  such  a 
tax  as  would,  in  all  districts  of  the  town  combined,  raise  an 
amount  of  money  equal  to  the  value  of  the  property  owned  by 
such  districts,  less  their  indebtedness,  and  there  shall  then  be 
abated  to  the  taxpayers  of  each  district  so  many  mills  of  such 
equalization  tax  rate  as  upon  that  part  of  the  grand  list  of 
the  town  taxable  within  such  district  would  yield  an  amount 
of  money  equal  to  the  appraised  value  of  its  property  less  the 
amount  of  indebtedness  of  the  district.  Any  district  shall  have 
power  to  determine  that  any  stated  amount  of  its  indebtedness 
shall  not  be  devolved  upon  the  town,  but  shall  be  owed  by  such 
district  exclusively,  as  heretofore,  and  any  town  shall  have 
this  same  power  regarding  the  indebtedness  of  any  district 
separately  and  solely  liable  for  any  indebtedness  or  liability 
aforesaid,  from  the  appraised  value  of  its  property  in  fixing 
amount  of  such  liability  or  indebtedness  shall  be  deducted,  as 
its  property  in  fixing  the  amount  of  the  equalization  tax  to  be 
by  it  incurred  previously  to  September  1,  1909,  unless  the 
town  shall  determine  such  amount;  and  provided,  further, 
that  this  amount  of  indebtedness  thus  separately  retained  by 
the  vote  stating  the  larger  amount  of  indebtedness  to  be  sep- 
arately retained  by  the  district  and  not  devolved  upon  the 
the  district  shall  not  be  deducted  from  the  appraised  value  of 
both  by  the  town  and  by  the  district  having  such  indebtedness, 
situated  within  its  limits ;  provided,  that,  if  action  is  taken 
abated  for  its  taxpayers.     Every  school  district  shall  remain 


Indebtedness 


77 

the  amount  of  the  equalization  tax  to  be  abated  for  its  tax- 
payers. For  the  purpose  of  distributing  the  effect  of  the  equali- 
zation tax  upon  its  taxpayers  over  a  number  of  years,  any 
school  district  may  borrow  and  pay  to  the  town  any  part  of 
the  sum  of  money  which  the  equalization  tax  rate  would  raise 
upon  that  part  of  the  grand  list  of  the  town  taxable  within  such 
district,  and  the  sum  so  paid  to  the  town  shall  be  added  to  the 
appraised  value  of  the  property  of  the  district  in  calculating 
the  number  of  mills  of  the  equalization  tax  rate  to  be  abated 
to  its  taxpayers.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply 
in  any  town  in  which  the  parties  in  interest  shall,  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  December,  1909,  agree  upon  any  other  mode 
of  equalizing  the  differences  in  property  and  indebtedness  be- 
tween the  several  districts  of  such  town. 

§  228     In  the  case  of  any  school   district  the   fractional  I909chi46,  §8 
parts  of  which  belong  to  different  towns,  the  selectmen  of  such 
towns  shall  have  power,  by  mutual  agreement,  to  appraise  the 
property  of  said  district  and  to  apportion  the  property  and  ^e^p^opSy 
debts  of  said  district  between  the  towns,  and  find  the  balance  in  two  town8 
due  from  either  of  such  towns  to  the  other  of  such  towns. 
Such  agreement,  in  writing,  shall  be  final  and  binding  upon 
such  district  and  town.     Whenever  such  selectmen  shall  fail 
to  agree  before  the  twentieth  day  of  July,  1910,  then,  upon 
the  application  of  either  town,  or  any  taxpayer  of  such  district, 
any  judge  of  the  superior  court  shall  appoint  a  committee  TbsenceoV11 
which  shall  finally  decide  the  matter  on  which  the  selectmen  asreement 
have  thus  failed  to  agree,  and  shall  lodge  their  decision  with 
the  respective  clerks  of  such  towns,   from  which  time  their 
decision  shall  be  binding  upon  such  districts  and  such  towns. 
The  appraised  value  of  the  property  and  the  amount  of  money 
thus  acquired  by  any  town,  diminished  by  the  amount  of  money 
paid  to  the  other  town,  and  by  the  amount  of  the  indebtedness 
of  the  district  apportioned  to  the  town,  shall  be  remitted  by 
the  town  to  the  taxpayers  of  the  portion  of  such  district  within 
its  limits   in  collecting  the  equalization  tax  provided   for  in 
§  227,  in  the  same  manner  as  in  the  care  of  other  districts 
entirely  within  the  town. 

§  229     No  power  of  school  districts  or  any  officers  thereof,  igo9chi46,  §9 
except  such  as  are  reserved  or  given  by  this  chapter,  shall  be 
exercised  after  July  15,  1909;  but  every  school  district  then  J^tinae  Say 
existing  may  preserve  its  organization  and  necessary  powers  manage  debts 
for  the  purpose   of  closing  and   settling  up  its   affairs,   and 
especially  for  the  purpose  of  managing  and  paying  any  of  its 
indebtedness  not  devolved  upon  the  town. 


7« 


1909  Ch  146,  §10 


Method  of  pay- 
ing expenses 


1909  ch  146,  §11 

When  act  does 
mot  apply 


1909  ch  261 

Payments  to 
certain  officers 
by  towns  not 
assuming 
control 


§  230  The  expenses  of  maintaining  public  schools  which 
shall  be  incurred  with  the  approval  of  the  town  school  com- 
mittee shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer  on  orders  drawn 
by  the  town  school  committee,  except  so  far  as  they  may  be 
met  by  the  income  from  local  school  funds.  Such  orders  may 
be  signed  by  such  persons  on  behalf  of  the  school  committee 
as  the  committee  by  by-law  or  special  vote,  certified  by  the 
secretary  to  the  town  treasurer,  may  provide,  and  in  the 
absence  of  such  by-law  or  special  direction  by  the  secretary. 

§  231  §§  221  to  231  shall  not  apply  to  any  town  which 
has  a  city  or  borough,  or  district  organized  under  special 
acts  of  the  legislature  within  its  limits,  unless  such  town  shall 
vote  to  abolish  school  districts  and  assume  control  of  the  pub- 
lic schools  therein. 

§  232  Any  town  not  assuming  control  of  the  public 
schools  within  its  limits  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter, 
which  receives  money,  under  the  provisions  of  section  228,  by 
reason  of  the  appraisement  of  the  property  of  any  school  dis- 
trict, parts  of  which  before  the  passage  of  said  act  belonged 
to  different  towns,  shall  pay  the  same  to  such  agent,  treasurer, 
or  committee  as  shall  be  chosen  by  those  qualified  to  vote  in 
school  meeting  belonging  to  that  part  of  such  district  in  said 
town  not  assuming  control  of  its  public  schools ;  and  such 
voters,  in  meeting  called  by  any  five  of  their  number  or  by  the 
selectmen,  by  notice  posted  conspicuously  in  such  part  of  said 
district  five  days  before  such  meeting,  may  do  all  acts  proper 
for  the  reception  and  care  of  such  money,  and  shall  expend 
the  same  for  public  school  purposes  for  the  benefit  of  the  in- 
habitants in  said  part  of  such  school  district  as  lies  in  the 
town  not  assuming  control  of  its  public  schools. 


OSsecetU5 

1856  1867  1872 

Rev  1888 

§§2132  2135 

2197  2221 

1893  ch  157  §4 

1895  ch  304 

1901  ch  81   §5 


Chapter  XVI 
Teachers1 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  140,  page  584 

§  233     School  visitors,  town  school  committees,  or  boards 
of  education  shall,  as  a  board,  or  by  a  committee  by  them  ap- 


[a     May  be  employed  by - 


b     May  be  examined  by  — 


1 

ii 

iii 

iv 
Make  eyesight  tests     §  5 
Shall  be  paid  once  a  month  unless  district  vote  otherwise 


school  visitors  §§  42  44 
board  of  education  §  64 
district     §  147 

town  committees     §§  44-205-224 
high  school  committees     §  70 
state  board  of  education     §  4 
school  visitors     §  233 
boards  of  education     §  64 
town  committee     §  205 


25, 


79 

pointed,  examine1  all  persons  desiring  to  teach  in  the  public 
schools;  and  give  to  those  with  whose  moral  character  and 
ability  they  are  satisfied,  if  found  qualified  to  teach  reading, 
writing,  arithmetic,  and  grammar,  the  rudiments  of  geography 
and  history,  and  the  rudiments  of  drawing  if  required,2  a  cer-  Examination  0f 
tificate  authorizing  the  holder  to  teach  in  any  public  school  in  teachers;  certm- 
the  town  or  district  so  long  as  desired,  without  further  examina- 
tion unless  specially  ordered ;  such  certificate  may  limit  the  au- 
thority to  teach  to  a  specified  time  or  in  a  specified  school.3  No 
certificate  to  teach  in  grades  above  the  third  in  graded  schools 
nor  in  classes  corresponding  to  such  grades  in  ungraded  schools 
shall  be  granted  to  any  person  who  has  not  passed  a  satisfactory 
examination  in  hygiene,  including  the  effects  of  alcohol  and 
narcotics  on  health  and  character.4  If  a  person  is  examined 
and  found  qualified  to  teach  branches  other  than  those  required 
in  all  cases,  such  branches  shall  be  named  in  his  certificate. 
Said  certificate  shall  be  signed  by  a  majority  of  the  board  or 
committee  or  by  all  the  members  of  the  committee  appointed 
to  examine.  They  may  revoke  the  certificates  of  such  teachers 
as  shall  at  any  time  be  found  incompetent  to  teach  or  to  manage 
a  school,  or  fail  to  conform  to  their  requirements.5 

e  The  reasonableness  of  the  punishment  administered  by  a  school  tea(he 
to  a  pupil  is  purely  a  question  of  fact     53  Conn  481 

/  A  school  teacher  has  a  right  to  require  obedience  to  reasonable  rules  and 
a  proper  submission  to  his  authority,  and  to  inflict  punishment  for  disobedi- 
ence    lb 

In  the  absence  of  rules  established  by  the  school  board  or  other  proper 
authority,  the  teacher  has  a  right  to  make  all  necessary  and  proper  rules  for  the 
regulation  of  the  school     lb 

In  inflicting  corporal  punishment  the  teacher  must  be  governed,  as  to  the 
mode  and  severity  of  it,  by  the  nature  of  the  offense,  and  by  the  age,  size,  and 
physical  condition  of  the  pupil  Where  a  boy  has  been  habitually  refractory 
and  disobedient,  the  teacher,  in  punishing  him  for  a  particular  offense,  may 
take  into  consideration  his  habitual  disobedience     lb 

And  it  is  not  necessary  that  he  should  inform  the  pupil  at  the  time  that  he 
is  punishing  him  for  his  past  as  well  as  present  misconduct     lb 

t 

1  §  123  '§§1840123  s  General  certificate  of  teacher  is  sufficien 

in  any  district  of  the  town  where  issued     36  Conn  282 

A  general  certificate  of  examination  and  approbation  not  limited  to  any 
particular  district  or  term  of  school  makes  the  holder  qualified  to  teach  in  any 
district  of  the  town  unless  it  is  revoked  or  a  re-examination  required    36  Conn  282 

The  provision  as  to  new  certificate,  if  required  by  school  visitors,  applies 
only  to  certificates  limited  as  to  time  or  qualification     36  Conn  282 

A  school  district  contracting  with  a  teacher  who  has  an  old  certificate  from 
the  board  of  school  visitors,  without  requiring  a  new  one,  cannot  afterwards 
repudiate  the  contract  because  he  should  have  had  a  new  one     lb 

4  §§  45  46 

5  Teacher  may  be  discharged  by  the  district ;  and  in  absence  of  action  by 
the  district,  may  be  discharged  by  the  committee     33  Conn  304 

If  improperly  discharged  by  the  committee  the  district  may  compel  re- 
instatement    33  Conn  305  306 

Is  not  a  public  officer  in  ordinary  sense  of  the  word  ;  his  wages  are  subject 
attachment     53  Conn  509     Status  of  teacher,  as  to  district     lb 


8o 


O  S  sec  22U6 

1884 

Rev  1888  §2222 

1895  ch  135 

State  board  of 
education  may 
grant  certificate 


O  S  sec  22U1 

1856 

Rev  1888 

§§2221  2222 

1895  ch  135 

Teacher  must 
have  a  certifi- 
cate 


G  S  sec  221,8 

1856  1857  1861 

Rev  1888 

§§2122  2130 

2135  2155 

2197  2213 

2216 

1895  ch  131 


Who  may  em- 
ploy teachers 

School  visitors 

Town 

O  8  sec  22U9 
1895  ch  67 

Teacher  not  to 
be  a  school  visi- 
tor 

School  visitor 


O  S  sec  2250 

1856  1867  1875 

Rev  1888  §2223 

1895  ch  21 


Teacher  to  keep 
register 


§  234  The  state  board  of  education  may,  upon  public 
examination  in  such  branches  and  upon  such  terms  as  it  may 
prescribe,  grant  a  certificate  of  qualification  to  teach  in  any 
public  school  in  the  state,  and  may  revoke  the  same.  The  cer- 
tificate of  qualification  issued  under  this  section  shall  be  ac- 
cepted by  boards  of  school  visitors,  boards  of  education,  and 
town  school  committees  in  lieu  of  any  other  examination. 

§  235  No  teacher  shall  be  employed  in  any  school  receiv- 
ing any  portion  of  its  support  from  the  public  money  until  he 
has  received  a  certificate  of  approbation  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  this  chapter ;  nor  shall  any  teacher  be  entitled  to 
any  wages,  so  far  as  the  same  are  paid  out  of  any  public 
money  appropriated  to  schools,1  unless  he  can  produce  such 
certificate,  dated  previous  to  the  opening  of  his  school. 

§  236  Town  school  committees,  boards  of  education,  aad 
high  school  and  district  committees  unless  otherwise  directed 
by  the  district  or  ordered  by  the  town,  shall  employ  and  dismiss 
the  teachers  for  the  schools  of  their  respective  towns  or  dis- 
tricts;2 but  no  district  committee  shall  employ  a  teacher  for  a 
longer  period  of  time  than  that  for  which  he  may  have  been 
elected  without  first  obtaining,  at  a  meeting  of  said  district 
legally  called  for  that  purpose,  a  majority  vote  in  favor  of  such 
proposed  action.3  Any  town,  unless  otherwise  provided,  may 
direct  the  school  visitors  to  employ  the  teachers  for  all  public 
schools  of  the  town  for  such  terms  of  the  schools  as  it  may 
specify. 

§  237  No  person  elected  to  the  office  of  school  vsitor  ©r 
town  school  committee  shall  be  employed  as  teacher  in  the 
town  where  he  is  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town  school 
committee.  If  any  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town  school 
committee  shall  be  employed,  contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this 
section  the  office  of  school  visitor  or  town  school  committee 
to  which  he  was  elected  shall  become  vacant. 

§  238  The  teacher  of  every  public  school  shall  correctly 
keep  the  school  register  .provided  by  the  state,  in  the  manner 
and  form  required  by  the  state  board  of  education,4  and  at  the 
end  of  each  school  term,  and  before  said  teacher  shall  leave 
such  school,  shall  certify  in  writing  to  the  correctness  of  the 

1  Ch  xviii 

s  Teachers  may  be  discharged  by  the  district,  or  in  the  absence  of  any 
action  by  the  district,  by  the  district  committee,  if  they  think  it  for  the  interest 
of  the  school  If  improperly  discharged  against  the  orders  of  the  district,  they 
will  be  reinstated  by  a  writ  of  mandamus     33  Conn  304-306 

3  Previous  to  enactment  of  §  iq8  a  teacher  might  be  employed  by  the  com- 
mittee for  a  period  extending  beyond  committee's  term  of  office     36  Conn  282 
§  2 


8i 

same,  and  immediately  deliver  it  to  the  secretary  of  the  board 
of  school  visitors,1  town  school  committee,  or  board  of  educa- 
tion having  jurisdiction  over  such  school ;  and  no  teacher  shall 
receive  any  pay  except  for  such  time  as  the  register  has  been 
legally  kept  and  certified. 

Chapter  XVII 
School  Libraries  and  Philosophical  Apparatus 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  139,  page  583 

§  239     The  treasurer  of  the  state,  upon  the  order  of  the 
secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education,2  shall  pay  ten  dollars  fj^^^g 
to  every  school  district,  and  to  every  town  maintaining  a  high  isro  lagisss 
school,  which  shall  raise  by  tax  or  otherwise  a  like  sum  for  the     $§22182219 
same  purpose,  to  establish  within  such  district,  or  for  the  use  state  grant 
of  such  high  school,  a  school  library  composed  of  books  of 
reference,  and  other  books  to  be  used  in  connection  with  school 
work,3  and  to  procure  maps,  globes,  or  any  proper  philosophical 
and  chemical  apparatus ;  and  the  further  sum  of  five  dollars 
annually,4  upon  a  like  order,  to  every  such  district  or  town 
which  has  raised  a  like  sum  for  the  current  year  for  maintain- 
ing or  replenishing  such  library  or  apparatus. 

If  the  number  of  scholars  in  actual  attendance5  in  any  such 
district  or  high  school  exceeds  one  hundred  the  treasurer  shall 
pay  ten  dollars  in  the  first  instance,  and  five  dollars  annually 
thereafter,  for  every  one  hundred  or  fractional  part  of  a  hun- 
dred scholars  in  excess  of  the  first  hundred. 

The  expense  incurred  by  any  district  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  of  this  section  may  be  reckoned  among  its  inci- 
dental expenses,  to  be  defrayed  in  the  manner  provided  in  this 
title  for  such  incidental  expenses. 

The  selection  of  all  books  and  apparatus  shall  be  made  or 
approved  by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  or  the  town  school 
committee,  which  shall  also  prescribe  the  rules  for  their  man-  school  visitors 
agement,  use,  and  safe-keeping.6 

§  240     The  town  school  committee  or  the  ioint  board  of      „  ■ 

1  .....  .  ,  J  .  O  S  sects 'US 

selectmen  and  school  visitors  m  each  town  may  appropriate     i889chi7    * 
money  for  the  purchase  of  books  and  apparatus  to  be  used  in 
1  §  120 

8  Does  not  include  supplementary  reading     See  §  130 

4  The  library  year  coincides  with  the  calendar  year 

8  Actualattendance  means  number  of  different  scholars  registered  in  school 
year 

•  Teachers  may  ask  advice  and  assistance  of  the  Connecticut  public  library 
commi  tee     §  286 


82 

pnrchaaeof       the  public  schools  of  the  town.    The  money  thus  appropriated 

booked         shajj  be  expended  by  a  committee  on  libraries  and  apparatus, 

annually  appointed  by  the  town  school  committee  or  school 

visitors,  to  whom  the  treasurer  of  the  town  shall  pay  such 

money  upon  the  written  order  of  such  committee. 

The  treasurer  of  the  state  upon  the  order  of  the  secretary  of 
the  state  board  of  education  shall  annually  pay  said  committee 
five  dollars  for  every  public  school  within  said  town,  and,  if  the 
number  of  scholars  in  any  public  school  within  the  town  ex- 
ceeds one  hundred,  the  treasurer  shall  annually  pay  to  said 
committee  five  dollars  for  every  one  hundred  scholars  and 
fractional  part  of  one  hundred  scholars  in  actual  attendance 
at  such  school;  but  no  greater  amount  shall  be  paid  to  such 
committee  by  the  state  than  is  paid  during  the  same  year  by  the 
town  for  the  same  purpose;  and  provided  that  any  amount 
paid  by  the  state  under  §  239  to  any  district  or  for  any  high 
school  within  said  town  shall  be  deducted  from  the  amount 
payable  under  this  section. 

The  books  and  apparatus  so  purchased  shall  remain  the 
property  of  the  town  and  under  the  care  and  control  of  said 
committee. 

Chapter  XVIII 
Support  of  Public  Schools1 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  141,  page  586 

os  uc  tut  §  241     The  committee  of  each  school  district  or,  if  they 

18-38 1i88821878    *a^  or  are  unable  to  do  so,  the  clerk,  shall  annually  in  October 

Rev  1888  §2224 

1889  ch  26  §1  '  Gen  Stat  §  61     Whenever  any  specific  appropriation  of  money  may  have 

been  made  by  the  general  assembly,  by  the  representatives  and  senators  of  any 
county,  or  by  any  community  or  corporation  named  in  the  preceding  section,  every 
agent,  commissioner,  or  executive  officer  of  the  state,  or  of  any  county,  city, 
borough,:  own,  or  school  district,  who  shall  wilfully  authorize  or  contract  for 
the  expenditure  of  any  money,  or  the  creation  of  any  debt  for  any  purpose  in 
excess  of  the  amount  specifically  appropriated  for  such  purpose  by  the  general 
assembly,  the  county  representatives  and  senators,  or  the  community  or  corpora- 
tion of  which  he  is  agent,  commissioner,  or  executive  officer,  unless  such  expen- 
diture shall  be  made  or  debt  contracted  for  the  necessary  repair  of  roads  or 
bridges,  or  the  necessary  support  of  schools  or  paupers,  in  cases  arising  after  the 
proper  appropriation  has  been  exhausted,  shall  be  fined  not  exceeding  one 
thousand  dollars,  or  imprisoned  in  the  county  jail  not  exceeding  one  year,  or  both 
Gen  Stat  §  60  The  general  assembly,  in  behalf  of  the  state  ;  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  towns  and  the  senators  resident  in  the  several  counties,  in 
behalf  of  their  respective  counties  ;  every  city,  by  its  common  council  when  so 
authorized  by  its  charter,  or  by  its  freemen  in  legal  meeting  assembled  ;  and 
every  town,  borough,  or  school  district,  by  legal  meeting  of  its  qualified  voters, 
may  make  appropriations  of  specific  sums  of  money  for  any  purpose  authorized 
by  law,  and  by  the  warnings  of  the  meetings  at  which  the  appropriations  are 
made 

As  to  what  constitutes  an  appropriation  see  58  Conn  486 


1901  ch  82 


83 

ascertain  the  name  and  age  of  every  person  over  four  and 
under  sixteen  years  of  age  who  shall  belong  to  such  district, 
on  the  first  Monday  of  said  month,  together  with  the  names 
of  the  parents  or  guardians  of  such  persons  and  the  place 
where  such  persons  are  attending  school  in  said  month  of 
October.  If  any  such  persons  are  not  attending  school,  then  i907ch3i§i 
the  person  making  the  enumeration  shall  ascertain  the  reason  S3[drena£on  °f 
for  such  nonattendance  and,  if  such  persons  are  employed  districts 
at  labor,  the  names  of  their  employers  or  of  the  establish- 
ments where  they  are  employed.  Returns  shall  be  made  to 
the  school  visitors  of  the  town  to  which  such  district  belongs, 
on  or  before  the  twentieth  of  October;  children  temporarily 
residing  in  one  district  but  having  parents  or  guardians  resid- 
ing in  another  shall  be  enumerated  only  as  belonging  to  the 
latter  district.  For  making  such  enumeration  the  committee 
or  clerk  of  the  district  shall  receive  one  dollar,  and  in  addition 
thereto  three  cents  for  each  child  enumerated  in  excess  of  fifty, 
and  the  cost  of  said  enumeration  shall  be  paid  from  the  amount 
appropriated  by  the  town  for  the  support  of  schools  in  said 
district.  If  the  return  of  enumeration  is  not  made  to  the  board 
of  school  visitors  on  or  before  said  twentieth  of  October,  one  of 
the  school  visitors  or  a  person  duly  appointed  by  the  board  of 
school  visitors  shall  make  a  complete  enumeration  before  the 
first  of  November  next  following  and  return  it  to  said  school 
visitors,  and  shall  receive  therefor  a  sum  not  to  exceed  five  cents 
for  each  child  so  enumerated. 

§  242     Such  return  shall  be  signed  and  sworn  to  by  the  oa8ec2253 
person  making  it,  substantially  in  the  following:  form :  1S49 

Rev  1888  82235 
I  hereby  certify  that  I  have  carefully  enumerated,  according    ^ifV*!? 
to  law,  all  persona  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years,      1897  c h  50 

within  the school  district,  and  find  that  on  the  first 

Monday  of  October,  A.D.   19 — ,  there  were  of  such  persons,  re-  Return  ef 

siding  in  and  belonging  to  said  district,  the  number  of .  enumeia  lon 

A.  B. 
On  this day  of ,  A.  D.    19 — ,   per- 
sonally appeared  the  above-named  A.  B.  and  made  oath  to  the 
truth  of  the  above  return  by  him  subscribed  before  me. 

,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

§  243     The  school  visitors  of  the  town  shall  examine  and 
correct  the  returns  made  to  them,  so  that  no  person  shall  be    ossecsm 
enumerated  twice  in  different  districts  or  be  improperly  re-      i849is87 

.  ,   ,     .         ,.  ,..,«  •  Rev  1888  §222? 

turned,  and  lodge  them  as  corrected  with  the  town  treasurer.  i«89  chad 
They  shall  also  transmit  to  the  comptroller,1  on  or  before  the  lgOT'chw 
fifth  day  of  December,  annually,  a  certificate  in  which  the 

'§127 
6 


84 

correction  of     number  of  persons  shall  be  inserted  in  words  at  full  length, 
SSfite  which  shall  be  sworn  to,  substantially,  according  to  the  follow- 

ing form: 

We,  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  of— ,  certify 

that  from  the  returns  made  to  us  under  oath,  as  by  law  pro- 
vided, we  find  that  on  the  first  Monday  of  October,  A.D.  19—, 
there  were  residing  within  the  school  districts  belonging  to  said 

town  the  number  of persons  between  four  and  sixteen 

years  of  age;  and  from  the  best  information  we  can  obtain,  we 
believe  that  said  number  is  correct. 


School  Visitors. 
On  this  day  of  ,  A.D    19—,  per- 
sonally appeared  the  above-named  school  visitors,  and  made  oath 
to  the  truth  of  the  above  certificate  by  them  subscribed  before 

me.  C-  In- 

justice of  the  Peace. 

§  244     Town  school  committees  shall  annually  appoint  one 
oa$ecMBB      or  more  persons  who  shall,  in  October  of  each  year,  ascertain 
^rSSv'iSb9     the  name  and  age  of  every  person  over  four  and  under  sixteen 
liodfaf      years  of  age  who  shall  belong  to  such  town  on  the  first  Mon- 
1901  ch  as      day  of  said  month  and  the  place  where  such  persons  are  at- 
1908  ch  64      tending  school  in  said  month  of  October.     If  any  such  per- 
sons are  not  attending  school,  then  the  person  making  the 
enumeration  shall  ascertain  the  reason  for  such  nonattendance 
and,  if  such  persons  are  employed  at  labor,  the  names  of  their 
employers  or  of  the  establishments  where  they  are  employed. 
Returns  shall  be  made  to  the  town  school  committee  on  or  be- 
fore the  twentieth  of  October.     Said  person  so  appointed  shall 
Enumeration  in  receiye  a  sum  not  exceeding  five  cents  for  each  child  so  enu- 
d?fitrfctBated       merated.    Such  return  shall  be  signed  by  the  person  making  it 
and  sworn  to  substantially  according  to  the  form  prescribed  in 
section  242.     The  town  school  committee  shall  examine  and 
correct  the  returns  made  to  it  so  that  no  person  shall  be  enu- 
merated twice  or  be  improperly  returned,  and  lodge  them,  as 
corrected,  with  the  town  treasurer,  and  shall  also  transmit  to 
the  comptroller,  on  or  before  the  fifth  of  December  annually, 
a  certificate  in  which  the  number  of  persons  shall  be  inserted 
in  words  at  full  length,  which  shall  be  sworn  to  substantially 
according  to  the  form  prescribed  in  section  243. 
ostecme  §  245     Every  person  having  control  of  a  child  between 

Rev  189812896     f  our  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  shall  wilfully  refuse  to  give 
Penalty  for        the  person  making  the  enumeration  required  by  this  chapter  the 
ige^&iid^™   name  and  age  of  such  child,  and  such  information  concerning 
the  school  attendance  of  such  child  as  said  chapter  requires, 
shall  be  fined  three  dollars. 


85 

§  246     The  comptroller  shall  annually,  as  soon  after  the   asaectssi 
twenty-eighth  of  February  as  may  be,  draw  orders  for  the  ^^fyf58 
support  of  the  common  schools  at  the  rate  of  two  dollars  and 
twenty-five  cents  for  each  child  between  the  ages  of  four  and  Revises §2228 
sixteen  years  on  the  enumeration  last  made  and  perfected,    lm chs^ 
which  orders  shall  be  payable  from  the  civil  list  funds  of  the  Grant  by  state 
state,  and  be  divided  and  distributed  among  the  several  towns 
in  proportion  to  the  number  of  persons  in  each  between  the  ages 
of  four  and  sixteen  years,  as  ascertained  from  said  returns ; 
and  he  shall  transmit  the  amount  distributed  to  each  town 
to  its  treasurer,  on  the  application  of  its  school  visitors,  or  its 
town  school  committee;  but  no  such  money  shall  be  trans- 
mitted to  any  town  until  the  comptroller  shall  have  received 
from  its  school  visitors  or  committee  a  certificate,  signed  by 
them  or  their  chairman  and  secretary,  and  substantially  in  the 
following  form : 

We,  the  school  visitors    (or  town  school  committee)    of  the 

town  of ,  certify  that  the  schools  in  said  town  have 

been  kept  for  the  period  required  by  law  during  the  year  ending 
the  fourteenth  day  of  July  last,  by  teachers  duly  examined  and 
approved,  and  have  been  visited  according  to  law;  and  that  all 
moneys  drawn  from  the  public  treasury  by  said  town  for  said 
year,  appropriated  to  schooling,  have  been  faithfully  applied 
and  expended  in  paying  for  teachers'  wages,  and  for  no  other 
purpose  whatever. 

Dated    at ,    this day    of ,    A. 

D.  19—. 

)  school  visitors 

r  (or  town  school 

)  committee). 

To  the  comptroller. 

§  247     Every  town  having  a  valuation  of  not  more  than  JS?C^°||5 
two   million   five    hundred   thousand    dollars,    as    determined  1911  en  251  §1 
by  the   state  board  of    equalization,    may    receive    annually  ^55?°' 
from  the  treasurer  of  the  state  upon  the  order  of  the  comp-  Average 
troller  a  sum  which  will  enable  the  town  to  expend  annually  Grant 
for  the  support  of  public  schools  twenty-five  dollars  for  each 
child  in   average  attendance,  as   determined  by  the  attested 
register  for  the  school  year  ending  July  fourteenth  in  each 
year;  provided,  that  payments   of  principal   and   interest   on 
indebtedness,  the  expense  of  new  buildings,  sites,  and  perma- 
nent improvements  shall  not  be  included  in  obtaining  the  cost 
of  each  scholar  in  average  attendance ;  and  provided,  that  such 
state  grant  shall  be  expended  only  for  teachers'  wages. 

§  248     The  comptroller  shall  not  draw  an  order  in  favor  JSS^^gg 
of  a  town  under  the  provisions  of  §§  247-249  unless  the  town,  ttiicfcSM  §2 
in  the  year  for  which  said  average  attendance  grant  is  made,  gr°antltlon 
shall  have  made  and  collected  a  tax  on  its  grand  list  for  the 


S6 


su 


Tax 


1903  ch  102  §3 
1907  ch  216  §1 
1909  ch  242  §3 
Method  of 

payment 


Teachers 


O  8  tee  M61 

1856 
Key  1888  §2230 


Comptroller 
may  make 
deduction  from 
school  moneys 


pport  of  schools  and  shall  have  expended  the  same  as  follows  : 
Every  town  having  a  valuation  of  not  more  than  five  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  as  determined  by  the  state  board  of  equali- 
zation, a  tax  of  two  and  one-half  mills ;  every  town  having  a 
valuation  of  over  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  and  not  more 
than  one  million  dollars,  as  determined  by  the  state  board  of 
equalization,  a  tax  of  three  mills ;  every  town  having  a  valua- 
tion of  more  than  one  million  dollars,  and  not  more  than  one 
million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars,  as  determined  by  the 
state  board  of  equalization,  a  tax  of  three  and  one  half  mills ; 
every  town  having  a  valuation  of  more  than  one  million  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars  and  not  more  than  two  million 
dollars,  as  determined  by  the  state  board  of  equalization,  a 
tax  of  four  and  one-half  mills ;  and  every  town  having  a  valua- 
tion of  more  than  two  million  dollars  and  not  more  than  two 
million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars,  as  determined  by  the 
state  board  of  equalization,  a  tax  of  six  mills. 

§  249  The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or 
town  school  committee  of  every  town  entitled  to  a  grant  under 
the  provisions  of  §  247  shall,  on  or  before  the  fourteenth  day 
of  July,  1910,  and  annually  thereafter,  certify  under  oath  to  the 
state  board  of  education,  upon  blanks  to  be  furnished  by  said 
board,  the  average  attendance  in  each  school  in  said  town,  and 
shall  also  certify  that  the  schools  of  said  town  have  been  kept 
for  the  period  required  by  law  during  the  year  ending  on  the 
fourteenth  day  of  July,  by  teachers  legally  examined  and  found 
qualified,  and  not  disapproved  by  the  state  board  of  education, 
that  the  amount  raised  by  tax  as  provided  by  §  248  has  been 
expended  for  the  support  of  public  schools,  that  the  state  grant 
authorized  by  §  247  has  been  expended  for  the  support  of 
public  schools,  and  that  said  state  grant  has  been  expended 
for  teachers'  wages  and  for  no  other  purpose.  The  comptroller 
shall,  on  application  of  said  board,  draw  an  order  on  the 
treasurer  in  favor  of  the  town  for  the  amount  provided  in 

§  247. 

§  250  When  the  school  in  any  school  district  shall  not  be 
kept  according  to  law,1  the  school  visitors  of  the  town,  to  which 
such  district  belongs,  shall,  in  their  certificate  or  certificates  to 
the  comptroller  for  the  year  following,  state  such  fact,  and 
also  the  number  of  children  enumerated  in  such  district ;  and 
when  application  is  made  for  the  school  moneys  payable  to 
such  town  for  said  year,  he  shall  deduct  from  the  whole  number 
of  children  enumerated  in  such  town  the  number  contained  in 
such  district;  and  shall  draw  an  order  for  such  part  only  of 

1  §  128  A  district  is  not  entitled  to  any  state  or  town  money  unless  the 
schoolhouse  and  outbuildings  are  satisfactory  to  the  school  visitors     §  179 


8? 

the  moneys  that  would  otherwise  go  to  said  town,  as  is  pro- 
portioned to  the  number  of  children  in  the  remaining  districts 
therein. 

§  251     If  any  money  appropriated  to  the  use  of  schools  QSeecss69 
shall  be  applied  by  a  town  or  school  district  to  any  other  pur-  Rev  isss  §2231 
pose,  such  town  or  school  district  shall   forfeit  the   amount  Misapplication 
thereof  to  the  state ;  and  the  comptroller  shall   sue  for  the  money 
same  in  behalf  of  the  state,  to  be  applied,  when  recovered,  to 
the  use  of  schools. 

§  252     The  income  of  the  town  deposit  fund,1  belonging  to  gs  seems 
any  town,  and  of  any  other  town  fund  which  is  or  shall  be  Rev  igJI0™^ 
established  or  appropriated  for  the  support  of  public  schools  income  of  town 
in  any  town,  shall  be  paid  annually  into  the  town  treasury,  deposit  fund 
for  the  support  of  public  schools  therein. 

§  253     The  income  of  any  fund  that  is  or  shall  be  estab-  GSsecmu 
lished  or  appropriated  for  the  support  of  public  schools  in  any  Revi8£§2233 
school  district  or  school  society  existing  in  any  town,  shall  be  school  society 
paid  annually  into  the  treasury  of  such  district  or  society,  for  ?uld(diBtnct 
the  support  of  public  schools  therein ;  but  if  such  district  or 
society  shall  at  any  time  cease  to  exist,  then  the  principal  of 
said  fund  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  school  fund  treasurer  of 
the  town,2  the  income  thereof  to  be  applied  for  the  support  of 
public  schools  therein,  in  the  rftanner  prescribed  in  §  210. 

§  254     The   school   visitors   and   selectmen   in   each   town  gsmcmm 
which  has  not  voted  to  consolidate  its  school  districts  shall  Rev?4s^34 
meet  as  a  joint  board  on  the  third  Tuesday  of  June  in  each    israchaiai 
year,  and  prepare  a  statement  showing  the  estimated  cost  of 
each  and  all  the  public  schools  in  their  town,  for  the  next  sue-  boards  'school 
ceeding  school  year,  and  shall  immediately  thereafter  notify  6eiec0tmeand 
the  committees  of  the  respective  school  districts  of  the  several 
amounts  so  fixed.  GSsecme 

§  255     The  school  year  shall  commence  on  the  fifteenth  RevisssVsK 
day  of  July,  and  end  on  the  fourteenth  day  of  July.  SoofyJaf 

§  256     The  school  visitors   and>  selectmen   in  each  town  defined 
which  has  not  voted  to  consolidate  its  districts  shall,  as  a  joint      1869 1870 
board,  present  at  the  annual  town  meeting  a  written  or  printed  Rev  1888  S3238 
statement  of  the  total  cost  of  each  and  all  of  the  public  schools  in  Eet5roate8.  ex_ 
such  town  for  the  school  year  next  preceding,  and  an  esti-  penues  exceed- 
mate  of  the  cost  of  such  schools  for  the  current  school  year. 
Said  board  shall  also  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  October  in 
each  year  fix  the  several  amounts  which  in  their  judgment 
will  be  sufficient  to  pay  the  wages  of  teachers,  including  board, 
and  the  incidental  expenses3  of  maintaining  the  schools  in  the 
various  districts  within  the  jurisdiction  of  such  town,  for  the 

'  Ch  xx    *  §§  59  101  210    3  §§  196  239 


88 


O  Smc  9968 

1872 
Rev  1888  §8146 

Record 

O  S sec  9969 

1870  1872  1885 

1886 

Rev  1888  §2237 

1895  ch  75 

Time  of 

Sayment  to 
istricts 


O  3  sec  9970 

1885 
Rev  1888;  §2238 
Payment  of 
teacher 


period  during  the  current  year,  that  schools  are  required  by 
law,  or  by  vote  of  the  town,  to  be  maintained ;  shall  notify  the 
respective  districts  of  the  several  amounts  so  fixed;  and  if 
any  district,  by  contributing  the  teachers'  board,  or  any  of  the 
incidental  expenses  of  the  school,  be  enabled  to  continue  its 
school  year  beyond  the  time  required  by  law,  said  district  shall, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  be  en- 
titled to  the  whole  amount  so  fixed. 

§  257  The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  shall 
keep,  in  a  book  provided  by  the  town,  a  record  of  all  the  de- 
cisions of  the  joint  board  of  school  visitors  and  selectmen. 

§  258  Whenever  a  school  district  shall,  at  its  annual 
school  meeting,  neglect  to  fix  the  time  or  period  for  the  pay- 
ment of  its  teachers,  they  shall  be  paid  at  the  end  of  each 
school  month,  and  at  the  close  of  every  such  month  or  period 
for  the  payment  of  teachers  and  on  the  certificate  of  the  school 
visitors  or  acting  visitor  or  visitors  that  the  schools  of  the 
district  for  such  month  or  period  have  been  kept  in  all  re- 
spects according  to  law  the  selectmen  shall  draw  an  order 
on  the  town  treasurer  in  favor  of  such  district  for  a  sum  of 
money  sufficient,  and  no  more  than  sufficient,  to  pay  the  ex- 
penses incurred  by  such  district  for  said  month  or  period  for 
the  wages  of  teachers,  including  board,  and  for  fuel  and  in- 
cidental expenses,1  if  the  expenses  incurred  by  the  district  for 
the  above-named  purposes,  during  the  school  year,  do  not  ex- 
ceed the  amount  fixed  upon  for  such  district  as  provided  in 
this  chapter.  If  such  expenses  exceed  said  amount,  the  joint 
board  of  school  visitors  and  selectmen  shall  meet,  on  or  before 
the  fourteenth  of  July  in  each  year,  and  decide  whether  or  not 
the  expenditure  in  excess  of  the  amount  fixed  upon  was 
necessary  to  maintain  the  school  or  schools  of  the  district  for 
the  time  required  by  law.  If  said  board  shall  decide  that  such 
additional  expense  was  necessary,  the  selectmen  shall  draw 
an  order  on  the  town  treasurer  for  an  amount  sufficient  to 
pay  the  same;  but  if  said  joint  board  shall  decide  that  such 
additional  expense  was  not  necessary  the  district  shall  pay  it, 
unless  the  town  otherwise  order. 

§  259  Whenever  a  district  shall  vote  to  pay  its  teacher 
or  teachers  oftener  than  once  each  term,  and  for  fixed  periods 
of  not  less  than  four  weeks  each,  or  when,  as  provided  in 
§  258,  the  salary  of  teachers  shall  be  payable  monthlv,  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  school  visitors,  or  acting  school  Visitor  or 
visitors,  at  the  close  of  each  of  the  aforesaid  periods  of  school 
or  school  months,  to  give  to  the  selectmen  a  certificate  stating 

1  §§  196  239 


89 

whether  or  not  the  schools  of  the  district  have  been  kept  in  all 
respects  according  to  law  during  such  period. 

§  260     No  town  which   includes  a  city  within  its  limits  osseessn 
shall  be  required  to  expend  for  school  purposes  in  any  year  a  Rev  i888°§2239 
greater  sum  than  would  be  raised  by  a  tax  of  one  mill  on  its  Tax  in  city 
grand  list,  if  said  city  is  organized  into  one  or  more  school  sc  °°    lstnctB 
districts  by  which  a  sum  has  been  appropriated  for  the  support 
of  public  schools  during  the  year  in  which  such  tax  would 
be   payable,   sufficient,   with   the   income   derived   from   other 
sources,  to  pay  the  wages  of  teachers,  the  cost  of  fuel,  and  the 
incidental  expenses  of  the  public  schools  of  said  district  or 
districts  for  at  least  thirty-six  weeks  of  said  year;  provided, 
that  said  sum  shall  be  paid,  without  abatement,  on  or  before 
the  first  of  March  next  following  the  time  at  which  the  town 
tax  shall  have  become  due,  to  the  several  school  districts  in 
the  town,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  children  in  each,  at 
the  last  preceding  enumeration,  between  the  ages  of  four  and 
sixteen  years. 

§  261     Every  town  which  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  pro-  qs sects?* 
vide  for  the  support  of  its  schools  shall  forfeit  to  the  state  Rev  ils8°§224o 
a  sum  equal  to  the  amount  which  it  is  required  to  raise  and  Neglect  to  sup- 
appropriate,  port  school 

§  262     When  the  number  of  scholars  in  any  district  for  ossectsrs 
any  term  of  school  shall  be  so  small  that  in  the  judgment  of  RevSfaLi 
the  school  visitors  the  maintenance  of  a  separate  school   in     ^^^l 
said  district  for  such  term  is  inexpedient,  said  board  of  school 
visitors  may  unite  the  school  of  such  district  with  the  school 
of  an  adjoining  district  or  districts,  and  when  the  school  of 
any  district  shall  be  thus  united  with  the  school  of  another  Discontinuance 
district  or  districts  it  shall  be  as  full  a  compliance  with  the  transportation8' 
law  as  if  said  district  had  maintained  a  separate  school  for  ofchlldren 
the  time  required  by  law.     Whenever  any  school  shall  be  dis- 
continued,  under   the   provisions   of   this   section   the   school 
visitors  may  provide  transportation  for  children  to  and  from 
school,  and   the   expenses   of  such  transportation,   when   ap- 
proved by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  shall  be  paid  by  the 
town  treasurer,  upon  the  order  of  the  selectmen. 

§  263     If  a  district  maintains  a  school  of  a  higher  order  ossecttiu 
than  is  required  by  law,  and  thereby  incurs  increased  expense  Rev  i888°§2242 
for  its  school ;  or  if  any  district  shall  continue  its  school  for  a  Extra  expenses 
longer  time  than  is  provided  for  at  the  expense  of  the  town,  SSte  by 
according  to  §  40,  or  if  any  district  shall  expend  for  teachers' 
wages  or  other  purposes,  a  sum  which  the  school  visitors  and 
selectmen  deem  unnecessary  and  extravagant ;  the  cost  of  such 
school,  above  the  sum  received  by  such  district  from  the  town, 


9o 


0  S  sec  1 1 75 

1870 
Rev  18* 

18S9  ch  - 
18S9  ch  47  §3 
District,  to 
e  no 
money  unless*' 
report  is  made 
District 
committee 
O  S  sec  tn& 
1870  1871  1876 
Rev  1888  £2244 
1889  ch  2 
1889  ch  47  §§2  3 

1889  ch  133 


Apportionment 
to  ioint 
districts 


O  S  sec  2*77 

Revl8?5pl47 

Rev  1888  §2244 

1889  ch  133 

Expenses  of 
joint  districts 


shall  be  paid  by  a  tax  laid  by  said  district.  Nothing,  however, 
in  this  title  shall  be  construed  as  forbidding  the  payment  of 
the  additional  expenses  of  continuing  a  school,  longer  than 
the  time  required  by  law,  by  voluntary  contribution  or  by 
tuition  charges. 

§  264  No  district  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  any  money 
from  the  state  or  town  in  any  year,  unless  the  district  com- 
mittee shall  have  made,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  July  pre- 
ceding, or  within  five  days  thereafter,  the  report  required  by 

§  265  The  amount  of  the  annual  state  appropriation,  ap- 
portioned to  any  school  district  formed  from  parts  of  two  or 
more  towns,  shall  be  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  town  having 
jurisdiction  over  such  district  under  the  provisions  of  §  157; 
and  the  expenses  of  the  school  in  such  district  shall  be  paid  by 
said  town,  in  the  same  manner  and  on  the  same  conditions  as  if 
said  district  lay  wholly  within  it;  but  during  September,  in 
each  year,  the  school  visitors  of  said  town  shall  ascertain  the 
cost  of  maintaining  said  school  for  the  year  ending  on  the 
fourteenth  of  the  preceding  July;  not  including,  however,  in 
such  ascertainment,  the  amount  received  by  said  district  from 
any  fund  that  is  or  shall  be  established  or  granted  for  the 
support  of  public  schools  in  said  district ;  and,  having  deducted 
from  this  amount  the  sums  received  by  the  town  for  such  dis- 
trict during  said  year  from  the  state  appropriation,  shall  ap- 
portion the  remainder  of  the  cost  of  such  school  among  the 
towns  in  which  such  district  lies,  in  proportion  to  the  number 
of  persons  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years,  as  as- 
certained by  the  enumeration  made  in  the  October  preceding, 
and  shall,  before  the  first  Monday  in  October,  present  a  copy 
of  said  apportionment  to  the  selectmen  of  each  of  said  towns ; 
and  the  selectmen  of  the  town  or  towns  not  having  jurisdiction 
over  said  district  shall  cause  the  sums,  thus  apportioned  to 
their  respective  towns,  to  be  paid  to  the  town  having  jurisdic- 
tion over  said  district.1 

§  266  The  selectmen  of  any  town  schooling  children  re- 
siding in  another  town  and  in  a  district  in  which  no  school  is 
maintained  may  ascertain  the  expense  of  schooling  said  chil- 
dren and  present  a  bill  of  said  expense  to  the  selectmen  of  the 
town  in  which  said  children  reside.  If  the  town  schooling 
children  shall  be  indebted  to  the  town  in  which  the  children 
reside,  under  the  provisions  of  §  265,  the  expense  ascertained 
as  provided  in  this  section  shall  be  deducted  from  the  amount 

1  §§  128  157 


9* 

of  said  indebtedness,  and  only  the  remainder  shall  be  due  to 
the  town  in  which  said  children  reside. 

§  267     In  all  cases  when  a  school  in  any  district  has  been  Q 8 noma 
or  shall  be  kept  during  a  portion  of  the  school  year,  but  not  Revise  §2245 
according  to  law,  or  when  for  any  other  cause  there  has  been  Forfeitures^nay 
or  shall  be  a  forfeiture  of  moneys  accruing  from  the  school  beremitted 
fund  or  annual  state  appropriation  that  would  otherwise  have 
been  paid  to  any  town  or  school  district,  the  secretary  of  the 
state  board  of  education  shall,  on  application  from  such  town 
or  school  district,  examine  into  the  facts  of  the  case,  and  de- 
cide, according  to  equity,  on  the  right  of  the  applicants  to 
receive  the  money  so  forfeited ;  and  if  he  decides  in  favor  of 
such  right,  and  so  certifies  to  the  comptroller,  the  same  shall 
be  paid  as  if  no  forfeiture  had  occurred. 

§  268     Every  school  visitor  or  member  of  a  town  school  os  sec  2279 
committee  who  shall  fraudulently  make  or  join  in  making  any  Rev  ils85§2246 
false  certificate,  by  reason  of  which  money  shall  be  drawn  from  Frandnient 
the  treasury  of  the  state,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  sixty  certificate 
dollars. 

Chapter  XIX 

Town  Deposit  Fund 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  isx,  page  506 

§  269     The   money   received   from   the   United   States   in  ossecmi 
pursuance  of  the  act  of  congress  approved  June  23,  1836,  shall  Relf^ 6^m 
remain  on  deposit  with  the  several  towns  on  the  terms  here-  Town  deposit 
inafter  specified. 

§  270     When   any   new   town   shall  be   constituted,   such  ossecwn 
money  shall  be  divided  between  it  and  the  towns  of  which  it  RevS§i87 
was  formed,  agreeably  to  the  last  census  of  the  United  States ;  Town  deposit 

1  1  •  r  1  r  •   1  11  f Und  h0W 

and  when  the  proportion  01  each  of  said  towns  cannot  be  de-  apportioned  on 

termined  by  reference  to  said  census,  it  shall  be  determined  town 

by  a  census  to  be  taken,  as  soon  as  may  be,  by  some  suitable 

person  appointed   for  that  purpose  by  the  treasurer  of  the 

state,  on  application  of  either  of  such  towns,  unless  they  shall 

agree  upon  the  mode  of  division. 

§  271     Every  town  shall  keep  its  share  of  the  said  money     os  seems 
as  a  deposit  in  trust  for  the  state,  and  account  for  the  same  Rev8S^i488 
when  called  for;  and  until  called  for,  shall  appropriate  the  conditions  of 
entire   income   thereof,   annually,    for   the   support   of   public  deP°Blt 
schools  therein. 

§  272     The  treasurer  of  each  town,  or  such  person  as  the  ossecim 
town  shall  appoint,1  shall  have  the  custody  of  said  fund  and  Revi888§i89 
be  the  treasurer  thereof;  and  shall  keep  separate  accounts  re-  custodian  of 

fund;  duties 
»§IOI 


92 


Q  S  sec  1926 

1836 
Rev  1888  §190 

Treasurer  to 
give  bond  and 
report  losses 


G  S  sec  1926 

1836  1874 

Rev  1888  §191 


Management  of 
town  deposit 
fund 


G  8  sec  1927 
1836  1874 
Rev  1888  §192 
Deficiency  In 
fund  to  be 
made  good 

G  8  sec  1928 
1846  1885 
Rev  1888  §193 


Proceedings 
when  a  town 
declines  to 
receive  fund 


lating  to  the  fund  and  exhibit  at  each  annual  town  meeting  an  ac- 
count showing  the  amount  of  the  fund,  how  invested,  the 
amount  of  its  income,  to  whom  paid,  for  what,  and  the  balance 
remaining  in  the  treasury ;  which  account  shall  be  recorded  and 
kept  on  file  by  the  town  clerk ;  and  no  payments  shall  be  made 
from  the  fund  except  on  orders  drawn  by  the  agent  appointed 
by  the  town,  specifying  whether  they  are  to  be  paid  from  the 
principal  or  income  of  the  fund. 

§  273  Such  treasurer  shall,  immediately  after  his  appoint- 
ment, execute  a  bond  to  the  town,  with  surety  to  the  acceptance 
of  the  selectmen,  for  the  faithful  execution  of  his  office  as 
treasurer  of  the  fund;  and  any  loss  or  deficiency  in  the  fund 
belonging  to  such  town,  and  any  illegal  or  improper  manage- 
ment or  application  of  its  income,  which  shall  come  to  his 
knowledge,  he  shall  immediately  report  to  the  comptroller,  and 
shall  forfeit  to  the  state  twenty  dollars  for  every  week  that  he 
shall  neglect  to  make  such  report. 

§  274  The  town  deposit  fund  in  each  town  shall  be 
managed  by  such  agents1  as  the  town  shall  appoint,  who  shall 
lend  it  on  notes  payable  to  the  town,  secured  by  mortgage  of 
real  estate,  in  value  double  the  amount  of  the  sum  loaned,  and 
no  expense  shall  be  deducted  from  the  principal  of  the  fund; 
and  when  any  loan  shall  be  paid  in  full,  the  treasurer  of  the 
town  where  the  loan  was  made  may  release  the  mortgaged 
premises ;  and  any  town  may  authorize  its  managers  to  invest 
said  fund,  or  any  part  thereof,  in  the  stock  of  any  bank  in  this 
state,  in  the  bonds  or  securities  of  any  city,  town,  or  borough 
in  this  state,  or  in  the  bonds,  loans,  or  securities  of  this  state 
or  of  the  United  States. 

§  275  Each  town  shall  make  good  any  deficiency  which 
may  occur  in  said  fund,  and  on  failure  to  make  such  deficiency 
good  within  one  year  after  it  shall  occur,  shall  forfeit  to  the 
state  a  sum  equal  to  the  amount  thereof. 

§  276  If  any  town  shall  not  agree  to  receive  its  propor- 
tion of  said  money  on  the  terms  specified  in  this  chapter,  the 
treasurer  of  the  state  may,  at  the  expense  of  said  town,  loan 
the  same  on  note  payable  to  the  state,  secured  by  mortgage  of 
real  estate,  in  value  at  least  double  the  amount  of  the  loan,  or 
he  may  deposit  the  same  in  any  bank  in  this  state,  at  interest ; 
and  any  interest  which  he  may  receive  for  the  said  loans  or 
deposits  shall  be  paid  by  said  treasurer  to  the  treasurer  of 
such  town,  to  be  by  it  appropriated  for  the  support  of  schools 
annually,  and  it  shall  be  liable  for  its  due  application  in  the 

*§  101 


93 

same  manner  as  if  it  had  agreed  to  receive  its  proportion  of  the 
principal. 

§  277     In  case  of  the  division  of  any  town,  and  the  appor-  osaecim 
tionment  of  its  town  deposit  fund,  the  treasurer  of  the  state  Re^^8 f^ 
may  exchange  the  receipt  of  such  town  for  new  receipts  for  0n  division  of 
the  same  from  the  agents  of  the  towns  so  constituted  by  such  reCek>tenew 
division.  may  «* taken 

§  278     The  treasurers  of  the  several  towns,  upon  the  re-  ossecmo 
ceipt  of  the  amount  of  any  loan  made  from  the  town  deposit  ^J^IsT^ 
fund,  may,  with  the  assent  of  the  managers  of  the  fund  for  Relea8e  or 
such  town,  execute  an  assignment  or  release  of  any  security  *fgf£™ftnt 
held  for  such  loan,  and  convey  to  the  assignee  or  releasee  the 
legal  title  to  the  premises  mortgaged  to  secure  the  payment  of 
such  loan. 

Chapter  XX 
Public  Libraries 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  262,  page  1 104 

§  279     Any  town,  borough,  or  city  may  establish  a  public  GSsecuetu 
library,  the  use  of  which,  under  proper  regulations,  shall  be  Revl^§§143 
free  to  its  inhabitants,  and  may  expend  such  sum  of  monev  as  iL>nn   i** 

•  ,  1    r  •    1  -,    1  1  '  1893  ch  178  §1 

may  be  necessary  to  provide  and  iurnish  suitable  rooms  or  a 
suitable'  building  for  the  library  so  established,  or  for  a  pre- 
viously existing  public  library,  the  use  of  which  is  free  to  its 
inhabitants. 

§  280     Any  town,  borough,  or  city,  may  annually  expend  GS  $ecum 
such  sum  of  money  as  shall  be  necessary  for  the  proper  main-  *893  ch  ns  §3 
tenance  and  increase  of  a  free  public  library  within  its  limits.  Appropriation 
Any  town  shall  have  power  at  any  meeting,  duly  called  for 
the  purpose,  to  fix  by  a  proper  by-law,  the  amount  which  shall 
be  annually  expended   for  the  public  library  therein.     The 
treasurer  of  such  town  shall  thereafter  annually  pay,  upon  the 
order  of  the  officer  designated  by  the  directors  or  trustees 
managing  its  public  library,  the  bills  incurred  for  the  main- 
tenance and  increase  of  said  library,  not  exceeding  in  the 
aggregate  the  sum  specified  in  said  by-law.     The  town  clerk 
may  deposit  in  the  public  library  within  his  town  any  books, 
other  than  records,  placed  by  law  or  otherwise  in  his  custody. 

§  281  Any  town,  borough,  or  city  may  appropriate  and  1905  Ch4i 
expend  such  sums  of  money  as  may  be  necessary  to  provide 
and  pay  for  the  land  for  a  suitable  site  for  a  public  library, 
situated  in  such  town,  borough,  or  city,  which  library  may  be 
the  property  of  a  corporation  without  capital  stock,  or  may 
be  the  property  of  such  town,  borough,  or  city;  but  such 
library  shall  be  free  to  its  inhabitants ;  and  such  town,  borough, 


94 


&  S  sec  1*6116 

1869  1880 
Rev  1888  §144 
1893  ch  178  §3 
Gifts 

O  S  sec  1*639 
1893  ch  178  §4 

Directors 


G  S  sec  1,630 
1893  ch  178 
§§5  6 

Directors' 
election 


&  Ssec  U6S1 
1893  ch  178 

§§7  8 
1895  ch  24 
1901  ch  73 
1905  ch  98  §1 
1909  ch  100 
Appointment 
powers  and 
duties  of  the 
Connecticut 
public  library 
committee 


or  city  may  appropriate  such  sums  of  money  as  may  be 
necessary  to  maintain  and  support  such  library  for  a  term  of 
not  exceeding  ten  years. 

§  282  Any  town,  borough,  or  city,  may  receive,  hold 
and  manage  any  devise,  bequest,  or  gift  for  the  establishment, 
increase,  or  maintenance  of  a  public  library  within  its  limits.1 

§  283  In  the  absence  of  any  other  lawful  provision  for 
the  management  of  a  public  library  in  any  town  or  borough, 
the  said  town  or  borough  shall  elect  a  board  of  directors2  who 
shall  manage  said  library.  Said  board  may,  from  time  to  time, 
make  by-laws  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  this  state  for 
its  own  government  and  may  adopt  rules  controlling  the  use 
of  the  library  and  the  administration  of  its  affairs.  Said  board 
shall  have  the  exclusive  right  to  expend  according  to  its  best 
judgment  all  money  appropriated  by  the  town  or  borough  for 
the  library,  and  shall  have  control  of  the  library  grounds, 
buildings,  and  rooms. 

§  284  The  first  election  of  directors  may  take  place  at 
any  meeting  of  the  town  or  borough  called  for  that  purpose. 
It  shall  first  be  determined  by  a  by-law  of  the  town,  to  be 
adopted  at  this  meeting,  what  the  number  of  directors  con- 
stituting said  board  shall  be,  such  number  to  be  in  all  cases 
one  divisible  by  three.3  One-third  of  this  number  shall  then 
be  elected4  by  ballot  to  hold  office  until  the  next  annual  meet- 
ing, one-third  until  the  second  annual  meeting,  and  one-third 
until  the  third  annual  meeting  thereafter.  At  each  subsequent 
annual  meeting  of  said  town  or  borough,  one-third  of  the 
directors  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  to  hold  office  for  three 
years.  No  director  of  a  public  library  so  elected  shall  receive 
compensation  for  any  services  rendered  as  director. 

§  285  The  state  board  of  education  shall  annually  appoint 
five  persons  who  shall  be  known  as  the  Connecticut  public 
library  committee.  No  member  of  said  committee  shall  receive 
any  compensation  for  his  services  as  such  member,  but  the 
members  of  said  committee  shall  be  paid  their  necessary  ex- 
penses. The  committee  may  expend  a  sum  not  to  exceed  three 
thousand  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  for  the  purposes  set 
forth  in  §  287  for  clerical  assistance  and  incidental  and  neces- 
sary expenses  incurred  in  the  discharge  of  its  duties.  The 
treasurer  of  the  state  shall  pay  the  bills  incurred  under  this 
act  upon  the  order  of  the  state  board  of  education.  Said  board 
shall   keep  and   semi-annually   render  to  the   comptroller   an 

1  Devise  to  city,  with  discretionary  power  as  to  its  application,  sustained, 
although  at  the  time  of  testator's  death  there  was  no  public  library   60  Conn  32 

2  §101         3  See  §101         4  Plurality  elects  §  102 


95 

account  of  all  money  expended  under  this  act,  and  the  comp- 
troller shall  audit  said  account. 

§  286     The  librarian  or  director  of  any  public  library  and  ossecuess 
the  teachers  of  any  public  school  may  ask  said  committee  18i'895hch2949 
for  advice  and  assistance  in  regard  to  the  selection,  purchase, 
and  cataloguing  of  books,  and  any  other  matters  pertaining 
to  the  maintenance  or  administration  of  the  library,  and  the  committee; 
committee  shall  give  advice  and  assistance  in  regard  to  said  adv5ce ;  rePort 
matters  so  far  as  it  shall  find  it  practicable  to  do  so.    The  com- 
mittee shall  annually  report  its  doings  to  the  governor. 

§  287  The  Connecticut  public  library  committee  shall  give 
to  communities  advice  and  assistance  in  the  organization, 
establishment,  and  administration  of  free  public  libraries,  and 
shall  extend  to  all  free  public  libraries  aid  in  selecting  and 
cataloguing  books  and  in  library  management,  and  may  for 
the  purposes  of  this  act  visit  and  inspect  libraries  organized 
under  the  provisions  of  §  290,  and  may  suggest  improve-  1905  ch  98 
ments  in  said  libraries.  Said  committee  is  authorized  to  pur- 
chase and  arrange  books  and  pictures  to  be  loaned  to  such 
public  libraries,  schools,  associations,  and  individuals  as  the 
committee  may  select. 

§  288     No  person  shall  be  ineligible  by  reason  of  sex  to  assecuess 

xt.      u  j-    £  a-  £  «_f     it  .1       1893chl78$19 

serve  on  the  board  of  directors  of  any  public  library,  or  on  the  Board  of 
Connecticut  public  library  committee.  womeneiigibie 

§  289     The  libraries  established  under  the  provisions  of  osseck6S6 
this  chapter,  and  any  free  public  library  receiving  a  state  appro-  r^^^84 
priation,    shall    annually   make   a    report   to   the   Connecticut  libraries 
public  library  committee. 

§  290     If  any  town  having  no  free  public  library  shall  es-  ossecU6ss 
tablish  a  free  public  library  and  shall  provide  for  the  care,  cus-  s^c||i™  *" 
tody,  and  distribution  of  books  and  for  the  future  maintenance  town  libraries 
and  increase  of  such  library  in  a  manner  satisfactory  to  said 
library  committee,  said  committee  may  expend  for  books  to 
be  selected  by  the  said  committee  a  sum  not  to  exceed  the 
amount  expended  by  the  said  town  for  the  establishment  of 
such  library  and  not  to  exceed  two  hundred  dollars. 

8  2Qi     In  towns  whose  grand  list   exceeds   six  hundred  GSsecues? 

•  1895  ch  284 

thousand  dollars,  the  Connecticut  public  library  committee  may  1911  ch  8 
in  its  discretion  expend  annually,  for  books  selected  by  it  for 
any  free  public  library,  a  sum  not  to  exceed  the  amount  annually 
appropriated  and  expended  by  the  town  for  the  increase  of  such  ExPendlture 
library.  In  towns  whose  grand  list  does  not  exceed  six 
hundred  thousand  dollars,  said  committee  may,  in  its  discre- 
tion, expend  annually,  for  books  selected  by  it  for  any  free 


96 


0  S  sec  U6SU 
1893  ch  178  §11 
State  treasurer 
to  pay  bills 


G  S  sec  2161 
1878  1882 
Rev  1888  §2137 
1899  ch  54  §1 

Vaccination  of 
school  children 


1907  ch  207  §1 
Appointment  of 
school 
physicians 


1907  ch  207  §2 
Duties 


1907  ch  207  §3 
Children  to  be 
referred  to  phy- 
sicians for 
examination 


public  library,  a  sum  not  to  exceed  the  amount  annually  ap- 
propriated and  expended  from  any  source  for  the  increase 
of  such  library.  The  expenditure  by  said  committee  shall  not 
exceed  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars,  annually,  for  any 
library. 

§  292  The  treasurer  of  the  state  shall  pay  the  bills  in- 
curred under  the  provisions  of  law  for  free  libraries,  upon  the 
order  of  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education.  Said 
board  shall  keep  an  account  of  all  moneys  expended  under 
§§  285  and  290,  and  the  comptroller  shall  annually  audit  said 
account.  The  provisions  of  §§  26  and  28  of  the  general  stat- 
utes shall  not  apply  to  the  payment  of  money  expended 
under  §§  285  and  290. 

Chapter  XXI 
Health,  Sanitation,  and  Safety 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  131,  page  563. 

§  293  The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee, or  board  of  education,  may  require  every  child  to  be 
vaccinated  before  being  permitted  to  attend  a  public  school 
under  its  jurisdiction.  If  the  parents  or  guardians  of  any 
children  are  unable  to  pay  for  such  vaccination,  the  expense 
thereof  shall,  on  the  recommendation  of  said  board  or  com- 
mittee, be  paid  by  the  town.  Said  board  or  committee  may 
exclude  from  any  school  under  its  supervision  all  children 
under  five  years  of  age  whenever  in  its  judgment  the  interest 
of  such  school  will  be  thereby  promoted.1 

§  294  The  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  education, 
or  town  school  committee  of  any  town,  or  the  board  of  educa- 
tion or  committee  of  any  school  district,  may  appoint  one  or 
more  school  physicians  and  assign  one  to  any  public  school 
within  the  limits  of  such  town  or  school  district,  and  shall  pro- 
vide such  school  physicians,  when  so  appointed,  with  proper 
facilities  for  the  performance  of  their  duties. 

§  295  Every  school  physician  so  appointed  shall  make 
a  prompt  examination  of  all  children  referred  to  him  as  here- 
inafter provided,  and  such  further  examination  of  teachers, 
janitors,  and  school  buildings  as  in  his  opinion  the  protection 
of  the  health  of  the  pupils  may  require. 

§  296  The  superintendent,  principal,  or  teacher  of  any 
school  to  which  a  school  physician  has  been  assigned  as  herein- 
before provided  shall  refer  to  such  physician  every  child  return- 
ing to  school  without  a  permit  from  the  health  officer  or  board 

1  Statute  held  to  be  constitutional,  and  in  the  exercise  of  reasonable  police 
power.         65  Conn.  183.  v 


97 

of  health,  after  absence  on  account  of  illness  or  from  unknown 
cause,  and  every  child  attending  such  school  who  appears  to  be 
in  ill  health,  or  is  suspected  to  be  sick  with  any  contagious 
or  infectious  disease,  unless  such  child  be  immediately  excluded 
from  such  school  under  the  provisions  of  the  general  statutes 
or  the  sanitary  regulations  in  force  in  said  town  or  district; 
piovided,  that  in  the  case  of  schools  in  remote  and  isolated  loca- 
tions the  school  committee  may  make  such  other  arrangements 
as  may  be  advisable  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  act. 

§  297     The  school  authorities  of  any  town  or  school  dis-  1907  ch  207  §4 
trict  which  has  appointed  a  school  physician  in  accordance  with  mation  of 
the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  cause  every  child  attending  the  c  1 
public  schools  therein  to  be  separately  and  carefully  tested  and 
examined  at  least  once  in  every  school  year  to  ascertain  whether 
such  child  is  suffering  from  defective  sight  or  hearing,  or  from 
any  other  physical  disability  tending  to  prevent  injury  to  the 
receiving  the  full  benefit  of  school  work,  or  requiring  a  modi- 
fication of  such  school  work  in  order  to  prevent  injury  to  the 
child  or  to  secure  the  best  educational  results. 

§  298     Notice   of   the   disease   or  defects,   if   any,    from  1907  ch  207  §5 
which  any  child  is  found  by  such  school  physician  to  be  suffer-  Notic?a?dis- 
ing  shall  be  given  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  such  child  with  Spa^of1™11 
such  advice  or  order  relating  thereto  as  said  physician  may  suardian 
deem  advisable,  and  such  parent  or  guardian  shall  cause  such 
child  to  be  treated,  by  a  reputable  physician,  for  such  disease  or 
defects,    and    whenever     any     child     shows     symptoms     of 
any  contagious  or  infectious  disease  notice  shall  also  be  given 
to  the  health  officer  or  board  of  health  and  such  child  may  be 
excluded  from  attendance  at  such  school  and  not  permitted 
to  return  without  a  permit  from  the  city,  borough,  or  town 
health  officer. 

§  299     Whenever  the  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  1907  ch  207  §6 
education,  or  town  school  committee  of  any  town,  or  the  board  matronw6111  ° 
of  education  or  district  committee  of  any  school  district,  shall  nur6e 
have  appointed  a  school  physician  as  provided  in  §  294,  said 
board  or  committee  may  also  appoint  a  matron  or  nurse  who 
shall  take  such  action,  under  the  direction  of  the  school  physi- 
cian, as  may  be  necessary  for  safeguarding  the  health  of  the 
pupils  and  teachers  of  the  schools.    Such  matron  or  nurse  shall 
also  act,  under  the  direction  of  the  school  physician,  as  a  visit- 
ing nurse  in  the  town  or  school  district,  shall  visit  the  homes 
of  pupils  in  the  public  schools,  and  shall  assist  in  executing 
the  orders  of  the  school  physician. 


98 


1907  ch  207  §7 
Expenses,  how 

paid 


O  S  sec  2 '5  IS 

1898  ch  248  68 

1S95  ch  252  ^3 

1897  ch  175 

County  health 
officer";    powers 
and  duties 


1911  ch  96 
Drinking  Cups 
Rules  and 
regulations 
concerning 


G  S  sec  nil 
1805  1882 

1893  Ch  248  §6 

See  §2531 
Appointment 
and  jurisdiction 
of  town  health 
officers 


§  300  The  expenses  incurred  under  the  provisions  of 
this  act  shall  be  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  are  the  ordinary 
expenses  for  the  support  of  schools  in  the  several  towns  and 
school  districts. 

§  301  The  county  health  officer  shall  cause  the  execution 
of  the  laws  relating  to  public  health  and  the  prevention  and 
abatement  of  nuisances  dangerous  to  public  health,  and  of  the 
laws  relating  to  the  registration  of  vital  statistics,  and  co- 
operate with  and  supervise  the  doings  of  town,  city,  and  bor- 
ough health  officers,  and  boards  of  health,  within  his  county. 
He  shall  have  all  the  powers  of  a  grand  juror  in  each  of  the 
several  towns  within  his  county,  and  all  the  powers  of  the 
prosecuting  officer  of  each  city,  borough,  town,  or  police  court 
within  his  county  in  prosecutions  for  violations  of  the  laws 
concerning  contagious  diseases  and  public  health,  nuisances 
injurious  to  health  or  life,  for  violations  of  by-laws  or  or- 
dinances relating  to  public  health  and  contagious  diseases 
adopted  by  a  city  or  borough,  for  the  violation  of  the  orders 
of  town,  city,  or  borough  health  officers,  for  the  prevention  or 
removal  of  nuisances  dangerous  to  public  health,  for  violations 
of  the  laws  relating  to  the  registration  of  vital  statistics,  to  the 
practice  of  medicine,  surgery,  or  midwifery,  and  of  the  laws 
relating  to  the  sale  of  poisons  and  antitoxine.  County  health 
officers  may  sign  complaints,  in  any  town,  city,  or  borough  in 
the  county,  to  run  into  the  same  or  any  other  town,  city,  or 
borough  in  the  county. 

§  302  The  state  board  of  health,  to  prevent  the  spread  of 
communicable  diseases,  may,  by  suitable  rules  and  regulations 
adopted  by  said  board,  regulate  or  prohibit  the  providing  or 
use  of  a  common  drinking  cup  in  such  public  places,  vehicles, 
or  buildings  as  shall  be  designated  by  said  rules  and  regula- 
tions. The  state  board  of  health  shall  cause  such  rules  and 
regulations  to  be  printed  in  at  least  one  newspaper  published 
in  each  county  and  a  copy  thereof  to  be  sent  to  each  county, 
town,  city,  and  borough  health  officer,  and  thereupon  said 
rules  and  regulations  shall  become  effective.  Any  person  vio- 
lating any  of  the  provisions  of  said  rules  and  regulations  shall 
be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five  dollars  for  each  offense. 

§  303  The  county  health  officer  shall,  in  writing,  appoint 
for  each  town  some  discreet  person,  learned  in  medical  and 
sanitary  science,  to  be  health  officer  for  said  town,  except  in 
towns  containing  a  city  or  borough  whose  limits  are  coter- 
minous with  the  limits  of  said  town.  In  each  town,  except  in 
towns  having  a  city  or  borough  within  their  limits,  said  town 


99 

health  officer  shall  have  and  exercise  all  the  powers  necessary 
and  proper  for  preserving  the  public  health  and  preventing 
the  spread  of  diseases ;  and  in  towns  within  which  there  exists 
a  city  or  borough  the  limits  of  which  are  not  coterminous 
with  the  limits  of  such  town  such  town  health  officer  shall 
exercise  the  powers  and  duties  of  his  office  only  in  such  part 
of  said  town  as  is  outside  the  limits  of  said  city  or  borough. 
Each  town  health  officer,  except  when  appointed  to  fill  a 
vacancy,  shall  hold  his  office  for  four  years  from  and  after  the 
first  Monday  of  October  and  until  his  successor  is  appointed 
and  sworn,  unless  sooner  removed.1 

§  304     Every  schoolhouse  shall  be  kept  in  a  cleanly  state  &s*ectiia 
and  free  from  effluvia  arising  from  any  drain,  privy,  or  other  2 

nuisance,  and  shall  be  provided  with  a  sufficient  number  of 
proper  water  closets,  earth  closets,  or  privies,  for  the  use  of  KKonof 
the  pupils  attending  such  schoolhouse,  and  shall  be  properly  schoolhouse 
ventilated. 

§  305     Whenever  it  shall  be  found  by  the  state  board  of  <^s^csius 
education,  or  by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  or  by  a  member  Unsa^itar 
of  the  town  school  committee  of  the  town  in  which  anv  school-  conditions; 

T)rocGGcliii£rs 

house  is  located,  that  further  or  different  sanitary  provisions  to  remedy 
or  means  of  lighting  or  ventilating  are  required  in  any  school- 
house,  and  that  the  same  can  be  provided  without  unreason- 
able expense,  either  of  said  boards,  or  such  member  of  the 
town  school  committee  may  recommend  to  the  person  or  au- 
thority in  charge  of  or  controlling  such  schoolhouse  such 
changes  in  the  ventilation,  lighting,  or  sanitary  arrangements 
of  such  schoolhouse  as  they  may  deem  necessary.  In  case 
such  changes  be  not  made  substantially  as  recommended  within 
two  weeks  from  the  date  of  notice  thereof  such  board  or  mem- 
ber of  the  committee  may  make  complaint  to  the  proper  health 
authority  of  the  community  in  which  such  schoolhouse  is  situ- 
ated, which  said  authority  shall,  after  notice  to  and  hearing 
of  the  parties  interested,  order  such  changes  made  in  the  light- 
ing, ventilation,  or  sanitary  arrangements  of  such  schoolhouse 
as  it  may  deem  necessary  and  proper. 

§  306     The  word  schoolhouse  as  used  in  §§  304  and  305  oshchia 
shall  include  any  building  or  premises  in  which  instruction  5 

is  afforded  to  not  less  than  ten  pupils  at  one  time.     Every  scnooihouses 

•  defined 

violation  of  any  provision  of  §§  304  or  305  shall  be  punished 
by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars  or  imprison- 
ment for  not  more  than  six  months,  or  both.2 

1  Provisions  of  statute  de  powers  of  health  officers  held  constitutional     5 1 
Conn  99-101 

a  The  words  "public  buildings "  include  schoolhouse    Gen  Stat  §  1 

7 


100 


1909  ch  106 


Conetruction 
and  mainte- 
nance of  privies 


1909  ch  81  §1 

Construction  of 
BchoolhouseB 


1909  ch  81  §2 


Number  of 
6torieB 


1909  ch  81  S3 


Material  and 
manner  of  con- 
struction 


§  307  The  committee  having  charge  of  schools  in  towns 
or  school  districts  shall  maintain  water-closets  or  privies  for 
the  accommodation  of  the  pupils  attending  the  schools  therein. 
When  such  water-closets  or  privies  are  constructed  in  the 
same  building,  or  under  the  same  roof,  and  in  close  proximity 
to  each  other,  they  shall  be  constructed  with  a  solid  partition 
made  of  brick,  stone,  cement,  concrete,  or  metal  construction, 
or  by  a  double  wooden  partition  with  at  least  four  inches  air- 
space between  the  two  walls  of  said  partition,  so  as  to  effect- 
ively separate  the  water-closets  or  privies  designated  for  the 
use  of  boys  from  those  designated  for  the  use  of  girls. 

§  308  All  public  schoolhouses,  the  construction  of  which 
was  not  begun  before  the  passage  of  this  act,  shall  be  con- 
structed in  accordance  with  the  provisions  hereof.1 

§  309  No  schoolhouse  for  the  accommodation  of  pupils  of 
grammar  school  grade,  or  of  a  lower  grade,  shall  be  con- 
structed so  as  to  contain  more  than  two  stories  above  the 
basement. 

No  schoolhouse  for  the  accommodation  of  pupils  of  a  higher 
grade  than  grammar  school  grade  shall  be  constructed  so  as 
to  contain  more  than  two  stories  above  the  basement,  unless 
such  schoolhouse  is  of  fireproof  construction  throughout,  and 
in  that  event  shall  not  exceed  three  stories  above  the  basement. 

§  310  All  schoolhouses  of  eight  or  more  class  rooms  not 
of  fireproof  construction  throughout  shall  be  built  as  follows : 

(a)  The  outer  walls  shall  be  of  brick,  natural  or  artificial 
stone,  terra  cotta  blocks,  re-enforced  concrete,  or  other  fire- 
proof material. 

(b)  The  walls  separating  the  schoolrooms  from  the  halls 
or  corridors  shall  be  of  masonry  or  other  fireproof  material. 

(c)  There  shall  be  a  stairway  constructed  in  at  least  two 
opposite  sides  of  the  building  leading  to  the  ground  floor  from 

'The  following  act  regulates  the  employment  of  architects  on  public  build- 
ings : 

Section  1  Whenever  any  building  is  to  be  erected  by  the  state  of  Con- 
necticut in  the  designing  or  construction  of  which  the  services  of  an  architect 
shall  be  required,  the  comptroller  shall  give  public  notice,  for  not  less  than 
one  month,  through  the  public  press,  that  such  public  building  is  to  be  erected, 
together  with  a  statement  of  the  amount  appropriated  therefor  and  other  details 
of  the  proposed  construction,  and  that  any  and  all  architects  who  may  see  fit 
may  submit  plans,  specifications,  and  estimates  of  cost  for  the  construction  of 
such  building. 

Sec  2  Upon  application  to  the  comptroller  by  any  architect,  the  comp- 
troller shall  give  such  additional  information  regarding  such  contemplated  build- 
ing and  its  character,  construction,  and  details  as  he  may  possess. 

Sec  3  All  plans,  specifications,  and  estimates  for  such  building,  sub- 
mitted to  the  comptroller,  shall  be  received  by  him  and  by  him  delivered  into 
the  custody  of  the  board  of  control  or,  in  case  a  committee  is  raised,  or  persons 
appointed  by  the  general  assembly  to  have  charge  of  the  supervision  or  con- 


ioi  

the  floor  or  floors  above,  and  no  such  schoolhouse  hereafter 
built  shall  contain  circular  stairs. 

(d)  There  shall  be  one  exit  constructed  in  at  least  each 
of  two  opposite  sides  of  the  building  upon  the  first  floor  leading 
to  the  ground,  which  may  be  the  same  as  the  exits  from  the 
floor  or  floors  above  the  first. 

(e)  The  stairs  and  stairways  shall  be  of  fireproof  con- 
struction. 

(/)  All  doors  leading  from  rooms  into  halls  or  corridors 
shall  be  hung  so  as  to  swing  into  the  hall  or  corridor,  and  all 
doors  leading  from  the  corridors  out  of  the  building  shall  be 
so  hung  as  to  swing  outward. 

(g)  There  shall  be  a  door  of  fireproof  material  at  the 
head  of  each  stairway  leading  from  the  first  floor  to  the  base- 
ment. 

(h)  All  wooden  partitions,  ceilings,  floors,  and  wood- 
work about  the  heating  apparatus  or  plant  shall  be  covered  with 
asbestos,  tin,  sheet  iron,  or  other  fireproof  material  so  as  to 
effectually  overcome  danger  from  fire. 

§  311     No  door  leading  from  a  schoolroom  into  a  hall  1909  ch  si  $4 
or  corridor,  or  from  a  hall  or  corridor  out  of  the  building  shall,  Bxlts 
during  school  hours,  be  locked  or  bolted  or  secured  in  any 
other  manner  than  by  a  spring  which  will  readily  yield  to 
pressure  from  the  inside. 

§  312  There  shall  be  placed  in  a  hall  or  corridor  of  every  1909ch81s5 
such  school  an  alarm  consisting  of  a  bell  or  gong  arranged  or 
equipped  so  as  to  be  sounded  from  at  least  one  convenient  Fire  alarms 
station  or  place  upon  each  floor  and  of  sufficient  size  and 
volume  of  tone  to  be  distinctly  heard  in  every  room  when 
sounded.  In  the  absence  of  such  alarm  there  shall  be  placed 
in  each  room  an  alarm  consisting  of  a  bell  or  gong  of  sufficient 
volume  to  be  heard  throughout  the  room  where  placed,  all  of 
which  alarms  shall  be  arranged  or  equipped  so  as  to  be  sounded 
simultaneously  from  the  same  station  or  place,  at  least  one  of 
which  stations  or  places  shall  be  conveniently  located  in  a  hall 
or  corridor  upon  each  floor. 


struction  of  such  building,  then  to  such  committee  or  persons,  which  board, 
committee,  or  persons  shall  receive  and' inspect  all  of  such  plans  and  specifica- 
tions. 

Sec  4  Said  board,  committee,  or  persons  having  charge  of  the  super- 
vision or  construction  of  such  building  and  the  selection  of  plans  and  specifica- 
tions therefor,  shall  give  a  public  hearing  to  all  parties  interested,  who  shall 
have  ample  opportunity  to  present  the  merits  of  any  of  said  plans  and  specifica- 
tions. 

Sec  5  Said  board,  committee,  or  persons  shall  have  the  right  to  accept 
and  adopt  any  one  of  the  said  plans  and  specifications,  and  may  reject  any  or 
all  of  them,  and  such  selection  shall  be  conclusive. 


102 


1909  ch  81  §  6 
penalties 


OSste  961*1 
1907  oh  200 

License  to  be 
refused  within 
200  feet  of  a 
schoolhouse 


O  8  tec  9607 
1865  1874  1878 
Rev  1888  §2623 

Safe  exit  to  be 
provided  for 
public 
buildings 


Q  8  sec  9698 
18811883 

Rev  1888  §2646 
1889  ch  154 
1893  ch  24  §1 
1895  ch  254 

fire  escapes  to 
be  provided 


§  313  Any  janitor,  teacher,  or  other  person  who  violates 
the  provisions  of  §  311  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  three  hun- 
dred dollars,  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  three  months,  or 
both.  Every  member  of  a  board  of  education,  school  board, 
board  of  school  visitors,  or  building  committee,  or  official  who 
is  charged  with  the  duty  of  planning,  contracting  for,  or  build- 
ing a  public  schoolhouse,  who  plans  or  contracts,  or  partici- 
pates in  contracting  for,  or  votes  to  build,  or  builds  such 
schoolhouse  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  §§  308-309 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  three  hundred  dollars,  or  im- 
prisoned not  more  than  three  months,  or  both. 

§  314  Licenses  for  the  sale  of  spirituous  and  intoxicating 
liquors  in  cities  shall  be  confined  to  the  efficiently  policed  parts 
thereof ;  and  no  license,  except  the  renewal  of  a  license,  at  the 
discretion  of  the  county  commissioners  as  to  the  suitability  of 
person  and  place  and  subject  to  appeal,  shall  be  granted  in  the 
purely  residential  or  manufacturing  parts  of  a  town  or  within 
two  hundred  feet  in  a  direct  line  from  any  church  edifice  or 
public  or  parochial  schoolhouse,  or  the  premises  pertaining 
thereto,  except  to  a  well-established  hotel  of  good  reputation.1 

§  315  In  all  cities  the  common  council,  in  all  boroughs 
the  warden  and  burgesses,  and  in  all  towns  and  parts  of  a 
town  not  within  the  limits  of  a  city  or  borough  the  select- 
men, shall  require  that  all  churches,  schoolhouses,  and  public 
halls  that  are  used  for  lectures,  amusements,  exhibitions,  or 
assemblages  of  people,  shall  be  provided  with  ample  facilities 
for  safe  and  speedy  entrance  and  exit  in  case  of  necessity,  be 
arranged  so  as  to  promote  the  comfort  and  safety  of  persons 
visiting  them,  and  be  closed  till  such  requirements  are  com- 
plied with ;  and  any  city,  borough,  or  town  may  make  suitable 
by-laws  regarding  the  same. 

§  316  Every  story  above  the  first  story  of  a  building  used 
as  a  schoolhouse,  orphan  asylum,  insane  asylum,  reformatory, 
opera  house,  hall  for  public  assemblies,  boarding  house  ac- 
commodating more  than  twelve  persons,  or  tenement  house 
occupied  by  more  than  five  families,  shall  be  provided  with 

1  No  place  can,  with  propriety,  be  deemed  "  suitable  "  for  the  sale  of  intox- 
icating liquor,  under  public  acts  of  1907,  chapter  200,  which  is  so  near  to  a 
public  or  parochial  schoolhouse  as  to  be  detrimental  to  the  interests  of  the 
school     81  Conn  276 

In  the  present  case  the  applicant's  saloon,  for  which  he  sought  a  renewal 
license,  was  about  seventy-five  feet  from  a  parochial  school  building  recently 
erected  and  attended  by  eight  hundred  children,  and  the  county  commissioners 
refused  to  renew  the  license  on  the  ground  that  the  place  had  become  an  un- 
suitable one  for  a  saloon.  Held  that  the  fair  implication  in  support  of  this 
finding  was  that  the  continuance  of  a  saloon  at  that  place  would  be  detrimental 
"to  the  interests  of  the  school     lb 

The  fact  that  the  schoolhouse  site  was  bought  long  after  the  establishment 


103 

more  than  one  way  of  egress,  by  stairways  on  the  inside  or 
fire  escapes  on  the  outside  of  such  building.  Said  stairways 
and  fire  escapes  shall,  at  all  times,  be  kept  free  from  obstruc- 
tion and  shall  be  accessible  from  each  room  in  every  story 
above  the  first  story. 

§  317     Every  theater,  nickelette,  schoolhouse,  or  hall,  ex-   1909  ch  126  §1 
cepting  town  halls,   in  which  people  commonly  assemble  in  ©t?,°tohbepro- 
larger  numbers  than  one  hundred,  shall  be  provided  with  one  J^wlth 
or  more  exits,  each  exit  consisting  of  a  door  so  hung  as  to 
open  outward,  and  in  case  any  passageway  from  such  theater, 
nickelette,  schoolhouse,  or  hall  to  such  exit  contains  one  or 
more  doors,  each  door  shall  be  so  hung  as  to  open  outward.       1909  ch  126  §2 

§  318  The  owner  or  lessee  of  any  such  theater,  nickelette,  SS^SF"*8 
schoolhouse,  or  hall  who  uses  or  permits  any  such  theater,  determined 
nickelette,  schoolhouse,  or  hall  to  be  used  as  a  place  for  the 
assembly  of  people  when  such  theater,  nickelette,  schoolhouse, 
or  hall  does  not  conform  to  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be 
fined  not  more  than  two  hundred  dollars,  or  confined  in  jail 
not  more  than  six  months,  or  both.  If  the  owner  or  lessee  is 
a  corporation,  the  directors  shall  be  deemed  the  owners  or 
lessees  within  the  meaning  of  this  act.  If  the  owner  or  lessee 
is  an  ecclesiastical  society  or  a  school  district,  the  trustees  of 
such  society  or  the  board  having  control  of  the  property  or 
of  such  schoolhouse  shall  be  deemed  the  owner  or  lessee  within 
the  meaning  of  this  act. 

§  319     No  barbed  wire  shall  be  used  in  the  construction  of  ossecuow 
fences,  or  retained  upon  existing  fences,  connected  with  or    ^l/^^f 
enclosing  the  grounds  of  any  public  school  or  public  building.  Ugeof  barbed 
Every  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  section  wire  prohibited 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 

§  320  No  person  shall  spit  on  the  paved  walk  of  any  i909cni66$i 
public  street,  park,  or  square,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  hall 
or  office  in  any  hotel,  restaurant,  apartment  house,  tenement, 
or  lodging  house  which  is  used  in  common  by  the  guests  or 
tenants  thereof,  or  upon  the  floor,  platform,  steps,  or  stairs 
of  any  public  building,  church,  theater,  railway  station,  store, 
or  factory,  or  street  car  or  other  public  conveyance. 

of  the  applicant's  saloon,  in  close  proximity  to  it,  and  after  he  had  become  the 
owner  of  the  saloon  property,  is  of  no  legal  consequence  ;  nor  does  it  matter 
whether  such  property  is  worth  much  or  little     lb 

All  property  in  this  country  is  held  under  the  implied  obligation  that  the 
owner's  use  of  it  shall  not  be  injurious  to  the  community     lb 

Proof  in  the  superior  court  that  the  county  commissioners  had  renewed  a 
license  to  some  other  applicant  to  sell  liquor  at  some  other  place  near  a  church 
or  schoolhouse  is  immaterial,  since  each  application  stands  by  itself,  unfettered 
by  any  action  of  the  commissioners  taken  in  other  cases    lb 


104 

1909  ch  166  §2  §  321     The  term  spitting  as  used  in  this  act  shall  be  defined 

spitting  defined  as  the  act  of  expelling  any  secretion  from  the  chest,  throat, 

mouth,  or  nose. 
1909  ch  ie«  &a  §  322     Any  person  violating  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall 

Penalty       be  fined  not  less  than  one  dollar  nor  more  than  five  dollars,  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  thirty  days,  or  both. 

Chapter  XXII 
Care  and  Reformation  of  Children 

Temporary  County  Homes. 

§  323     For  the  better  protection  of  children  between  the 

ages  of  four  and  eighteen  years,  of  the  classes  hereinafter  de- 

g  ssec  urn       scribed,  to  wit :  waifs,  strays,  children  in  charge  of  overseers 

Reviawssere    of  the  poor'  cnildren  °*  prisoners,  drunkards,  or  paupers,  and 

1897  ch  210     others  committed  to  hospitals,  almshouses,  or  workhouses,  and 

1901  ch  184  §1     all  children  within  said  ages,  deserted,  neglected,  cruelly  treated, 

or  dependent,  or  living  in  any  disorderly  house,  or  house  re- 

cnudren1  puted  to  be  a  house  of  ill-fame  or  assignation,  there  shall  be 

intended  provided  in  each  county  one  or  more  places  of  refuge  to  be 

known  as  temporary  homes.     No  such  home  shall  be  located 

within  one-half  mile  of  any  penal  or  pauper  institution;  and 

no  pauper  or  convict  shall  be  permitted  to  live  or  labor  therein. 

No  such  home  shall  be  used  as  a  permanent  residence  for  any 

child,  but  for  its  temporary  protection,  for  so  long  a  time  only 

as  shall  be  absolutely  necessary  for  the  placing  of  the  child  in  a 

well  selected  family  home. 

§  324     Any  court  of  probate,  or  any  city,  police,  borough, 
or  town  court  may,  upon  proceedings  instituted  in  the  manner 
g  ss«c  2795       provided  for  the  commitment  of  children  to  the  industrial  or  re- 
form  schools  of  the  state,  or  upon  the  petition  of  the  Connecti- 
Rev  1888  §3658   cut  humane  society  or  the  state  board  of  charities,  commit  any 
michmo     cn^d  belonging  to  the  classes  enumerated  in  §  320  to  any 
i9o?chi84§§2    temporary  home  that  may  have  been  established  if  such  child 
i9ii8chi67     ^e  a  male  until  he  shall  be  sixteen  years  of  age,*or  if  such  child 
commitments     be  a  female  until  she  shall  be  eighteen  years  of  age,  unless 
chi?dren*tod       sooner  discharged  by  the  board  of  management  of  the  tem- 
porary home  in  the  county  in  which  such  child  is  committed. 
Said  board  may  place  any  such  child  in  any  private  family  or 
in  any  chartered  orphan  asylum  or  children's  home  in  this  state 
wherein  such  child  will  be  accepted  for  the  period  for  which 
such  child  was  committed  to  such  temporary  home  or  for  any 
portion  thereof.     The  authority  committing  any  child  shall, 
within  thirty  days  after  such  commitment,  transmit  a  certified 
copy  of  the  items  of  the  costs  of  such  proceedings  to  the  clerk 
of  the  superior  court  for  the  county  in  which  the  trial  or 
hearing  was  had,  and  such  costs  shall  be  paid  as  costs  are  paid 


105 

in  criminal  cases  coming  to  the  superior  court  from  an  inferior 
court.  Said  board  shall  present  to  the  comptroller  monthly  a 
bill  at  the  rate  of  two  dollars  and  fifty  cents  per  week  for  each 
child  so  committed.  The  amount  of  which  bill  shall  be  paid 
from  the  state  treasury. 

Connecticut  School  for  Boys 

§  325     No  court  or  justice  of  the  peace  shall  commit  any  asseetsts 
child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  as  vicious,  truant,  or  incor-  1851 1857  1864 
rigible,  to  any  jail,  almshouse,  or  workhouse.     When  any  boy  Revises §3628 
under  the  age  of  sixteen  years  shall  be  convicted  of  any  crime  1901  chCi84  §2 
or  misdemeanor  punishable  by  fine  or   imprisonment,  other  commitments 
than  imprisonment  for  life,  the  court  or  justice  of  the  peace,  as  School8  to8ai 
the  case  may  be,  may  commit  him  to  the  Connecticut  school  for 
boys,  to  remain  until  he  shall  arrive  at  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years  unless  sooner  discharged  by  the  board  of  trustees.    The 
judges  of  the  criminal  and  police  courts  of  the  state,  and  jus- 
tices of  the  peace,  may  commit  to  the  Connecticut  school  for 
boys:  first,  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  may  be 
liable  to  punishment  by  imprisonment  under  any  existing  law 
of  the  state,  or  any  law  that  may  be  enacted  and  in  force  in  the 
state ;  second,  with  the  consent  of  his  parent  or  guardian,  any 
boy  unde'r  sixteen  years  of  age,  against  whom  any  charge  of 
committing  any  crime  or  misdemeanor  shall  have  been  made, 
the  punishment  of  which,  on  conviction,  would  be  confinement 
in  jail  or  prison ;  third,  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age  who 
is  destitute  of  a  suitable  home  and  adequate  means  of  obtain- 
ing an  honest  living,  and  who  is  in  danger  of  being  brought  up, 
or  is  brought  up,  to  lead  an  idle  or  vicious  life ;  fourth,  any 
boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  is  incorrigible,  or  habitu- 
ally disregards  the  commands  of  his  father  or  mother,  or  guar- 
dian, or  leads  a  vagrant  life,  or  resorts  to  immoral  places  or 
practices,  or  neglects  or  refuses  to  perform  labor  suitable  to 
his  years  and  condition,  or  to  attend  school? 

§  326     No  boy  under  ten  years  of  age  shall  be  committed  ossecsssu 
to  the  Connecticut  school  for  boys  except  upon  conviction  of     1903  ch  25 
an  offense  for  which  the  punishment  is  imprisonment  in  the  SJjertSTtobe 
state  prison  or  in  a  county  jail.  Seschoof t0 

§  327     The  Connecticut  school  for  boys  may  be  used  under  ossecssss 
the  authority  of  the  United  States  for  the  confinement  of  any     1901  ch  57 
boy  over  the  age  of  ten  years  and  under  the  age  of  sixteen  JJ)°Irtte8d^ate8 
years,  convicted  in  the  United  States  court  for  the  district  of  commit  boys 

1  Board  not  bound  to  permit  withdrawal  of  child  under  any  circumstances 
61  Conn  268 

2  Statute  constitutional     Court  may  take  up  the   matter  without  formal 
complaint     51  Conn  472 


io6 


O  S  sec  2826 
1851  1879 

Rev  1888  §3629 
1893  ch  92 

Boys  to  remain 
at  school,  how 
long 


OS  sec  28S6 


Rev  1888  §3638 

To  be  a  school 
district 


OS  sec  2837 

1886 
Rev  1888  §3639 
1893  ch  164  §1 


Director*  to 
be  school 
committee 


9  S  sec  28S8 

1886 
Rev  1888  §8640 
1893  ch  164  §2 

Public  money 
for  said  school 


O  S  sec  2859 
1868  1870  1878 
1875  1876  1878 
Rev  1888  §8641 

Who  may  be 
eent  to  said 
•chool 


Connecticut  of  any  crime  or  misdemeanor  punishable  by  fine 
or  imprisonment,  other  than  imprisonment  for  life,  who  shall 
be  committed  to  said  school  until  he  shall  arrive  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years,  unless  sooner  discharged  by  the  board  of 
trustees  of  said  school ;  but  the  expense  of  supporting  and  con- 
fining any  boy  so  committed  shall  be  paid  by  the  United  States. 
§  328  Every  boy  sent  to  the  Connecticut  school  for  boys 
shall  remain  until  he  is  twenty-one  years  of  age,  unless  sooner 
discharged  or  bound  as  an  apprentice ;  but  no  boy  shall  be  re- 
tained after  the  superintendent  shall  have  reported  him  fully 
reformed. 

Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls 

§  329  The  Connecticut  industrial  school  for  girls  shall, 
so  long  as  it  remains  an  incorporated  institution  of  this  state 
and  maintains  a  school  for  the  benefit  of  children  connected 
therewith,  be  a  separate  school  district,  with  a  territorial  limit 
including  the  grounds  and  buildings  occupied  by  the  inmates  of 
said  institution  as  homes.  All  other  territory  belonging  to  said 
institution  shall  be  a  part  of  the  district  to  which  the  same 
territory  belonged  before  the  industrial  school  for  girls  was  es- 
tablished. . 

§  330  The  directors  of  th^  Connecticut  industrial  school 
for  girls  shall  be  the  school  committee  of  said  district,  and  shall 
possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the  duties  within 
said  district  that  are  possessed  by  the  school  visitors  in  the 
several  towns.  They  may  appoint  an  acting  school  visitor  in 
said  district,  who  shall  possess  within  said  district  all  the 
powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the  duties  of  similar  officers  ap- 
pointed by  school  visitors.  The  authority  of  the  board  of 
school  visitors  of  the  town  in  which  said  district  is  situated 
shall  extend  only  to  the  remaining  portion  of  said  town,  and 
their  returns  and  certificates  shall  include  only  the  children 
of  such  remaining  portion. 

§  331  The  treasurer  of  the  Connecticut  industrial  school 
for  girls  shall  draw  an  order  each  year  in  favor  of  said  dis- 
trict on  the  treasurer  of  said  town,  for  the  proportionate 
amount  to  which  said  district  may  be  entitled  of  all  moneys 
appropriated  by  law  for  the  benefit,  support,  and  encourage- 
ment of  public  schools,  as  is  provided  in  respect  to  towns. 

§  332  The  parent  or  guardian  of  any  girl  between  the 
ages  of  eight  and  sixteen  years,  or  a  selectman  or  grand  juror 
or  other  informing  officer  of  the  town  where  she  may  be  found, 
may  present  a  written  complaint  to  the  judge  of  the  court  of 
probate  for  the  district  in  which  such  town  is,  or  to  any  justice 


107 

of  the  peace  of  such  town,  or  to  the  judge  of  the  police  court 
of  any  city  where  she  may  be  found,  alleging  that  she  has  com- 
mitted any  offense  within  the  final  jurisdiction  of  a  justice  of 
the  peace,  or  is  rude,  stubborn,  and  unruly,  or  is  an  habitual 
truant  from  school,  or  is  the  child  of  a  person  who  has  had 
town  relief,  and  is  by  such  parent  suffered  to  misspend  her 
time,  and  to  be  without  any  honest  calling,  or  is  so  ill  provided 
for  by  her  parents  as  to  be  exposed  to  want,  or  is  exposed 
to  want  with  none  to  care  for  her,  or  is  leading  an  idle,  vagrant, 
or  vicious  life,  or  is  in  manifest  danger  of  falling  into  habits  of 
vice,  and  praying  that  she  may  be  sent  to  the  Connecticut  indus- 
trial school  for  girls,  and  such  judge  or  justice  of  the  peace  shall 
thereupon,  after  notice  to  her  and  such  other  notice  as  he  may 
deem  proper,  inquire  into  said  complaint,  and,  on  being  satis- 
fied of  the  truth  of  the  allegations  therein,  may  order  her  to  be 
committed  to  the  guardianship  and  control  of  such  school  until 
she  shall  arrive  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  unless  sooner 
lawfully  discharged,  and,  if  he  finds  that  she  has  committed 
an  offense  punishable  by  imprisonment,  other  than  imprison- 
ment for  life,  she  may  be  sentenced  to  the  Connecticut  indus- 
trial school  for  girls,  or  judgment  may  be  suspended,  on  such 
terms  and  for  such  time  as  he  may  prescribe ;  and  said  authority 
may  issue  a  warrant  for  the  execution  of  such  sentence;  but 
this  chapter  shall  not  be  construed  to  deprive  any  girl  of  four- 
teen years  of  age  and  upward  from  the  privilege  of  choosing 
her  own  guardian  with  the  approval  of  the  court  of  probate,  as 
provided  by  law. 

Appeals 

§  333     An  appeal  shall  lie  from  any  judgment,  order,  or  oauemu 
decree,  committing  any  minor  to  the  Connecticut  school  for    i893chm 
boys,  to  the  Connecticut  industrial  school  for  girls,  to  any    1909ch312 
county  home  for  dependent  or  neglected  children,  or  to  any  commitment*  to 
institution  in  this  state  chartered  by  the  general  assembly  for  or,ec£)o£me8 
similar  purposes,  to  the  next  term  of  the  criminal  court  of 
common  pleas  to  be  held  within  and  for  the  county  where  such 
judgment  is  rendered ;  but  in  towns  within  the  appellate  juris- 
diction in  criminal  cases  of  the  district  court  of  Waterbury, 
such  appeal  shall  be  taken  to  the  next  criminal  term  of  said 
district  court;  and  in  cases  not  in  the  jurisdiction  of  such 
criminal  court  of  common  pleas  or  district  court,  to  the  next 
criminal  term  of  the  superior  court.    Such  appeal  may  be  taken 
by  any  parent  or  guardian  of  the  child  so  committed,  or  by 
the  selectmen  of  the  town  in  which  such  judgment  is  rendered, 


io8 

within  twenty  days  thereafter;  and  the  appellant  shall  enter 
into  a  recognizance,  with  surety,  to  the  state,  conditioned  to 
answer  to  the  complaint  and  abide  the  order  and  judgment 
of  the  court  thereon.  Complaints  in  such  cases  ^  charging  a 
minor  with  crime  shall,  on  appeal,  be  tried  by  a  jury,  but  all 
other  complaints  shall  be  tried  in  chambers  by  the  judge  of 
the  court  to  which  the  appeal  is  taken,  and  such  minor  shall 
be  produced  in  court  or  chambers  during  trial  and  to  receive 
final  judgment  by  the  appellant  or  by  the  person  or  persons 
having  such  minor  in  their  possession  or  control. 


O  8  tec  9855 
1895  ch  71 

Fees  for 
commitments 
to  schools  and 
county  homes 


O  3  sec  9856 
18701883 
Rev  1888  §3643 
1899  ch  190 

Costs  on 
commitment  to 
schools  or 
county  homes 


O  S  sec  9787 

1885 
Rev  1888  §489 

Commitment 
and  support  of 
poor  imbecile 
children 


Fees 
§  334  There  shall  be  allowed  in  each  case  of  commitment 
to  the  Connecticut  school  for  boys,  a  temporary  home,  or  the 
Connecticut  industrial  school  for  girls,  the  same  fees  for  com- 
plaint and  warrant,  or  order,  that  are  allowed  by  law  for  com- 
plaints and  warrants  in  criminal  cases;  and  there  shall  be 
allowed  to  the  grand  jurors  or  prosecuting  officers  attending 
such  cases  the  same  fees  for  travel  and  attendance  as  are 
allowed  by  law  to  grand  jurors  in  criminal  cases. 

Costs 
§  335  The  authority  committing  any  boy  to  the  Con- 
necticut school  for  boys,  or  committing  any  child  to  the 
home  for  dependent  and  neglected  children  in  any  county,  or 
committing  any  girl  to  the  Connecticut  industrial  school  for 
girls,  shall  transmit  a  certified  copy  of  the  items  of  the  costs 
on  the  complaint  to  the  clerk  of  the  superior  court  for  the 
county  in  which  the  trial  or  hearing  was  had,  within  thirty 
days  after  the  trial  or  hearing,  and  said  costs  shall  be  taxed 
and  paid  as  costs  are  taxed  and  paid  in  criminal  cases  coming 
to  the  superior  court  from  an  inferior  court. 

School  for  Imbeciles 
§  336  Whenever  there  shall  be  found  in  any  town  in  this 
state  any  pauper  or  indigent  imbecile  child,  who  would  be 
benefited  by  being  sent  to  the  school  for  imbeciles  at  Lake- 
ville,  the  selectmen  of  such  town  shall  make  application  to 
the  court  of  probate  for  the  district  in  which  such  town  is 
situated  for  the  admission  of  such  child  to  said  school,  and  if, 
upon  inquiry,  said  court  shall  find  that  said  child  is  a  proper 
subject  to  be  received  into  said  school,  it  shall  order  said 
selectmen  to  take  such  child  to  said  school,  to  be  kept  and 
supported  for  such  length  of  time  as  said  court  may  deem 
proper.     Said  selectmen  shall  not  take  or  commit  any  such 


109 

child  to  said  school  until  the  order  of  said  court  has  been 
approved  by  the  governor,  and  no  child  shall  be  received  at 
said  school  to  be  supported  in  any  manner  by  the  state  with- 
out the  approval  of  the  governor.  There  shall  be  taxed  by 
the  comptroller  two  dollars  and  fifty  cents  a  week  for  each 
week  such  child  shall  remain  at  said  school,  and  the  principal 
of  said  school  shall  make  his  bill  therefor  quarterly,  and  pre- 
sent it  to  the  governor,  upon  whose  approval  it  shall  be  paid 
by  the  state  treasurer,  and  the  balance  shall  be  paid  by  the 
parents  or  grandparents  of  said  child,  or,  if  the  child  is  a 
pauper,  by  the  town  in  which  said  child  belongs. 

Connecticut  Reformatory 
§  337  Male  persons  belonging  to  any  of  the  following  i889chi62§io 
classes  may  be  committed  to  said  reformatory :  First,  persons  commitments 
between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  twenty-five  years  who  are 
convicted  for  the  first  time  of  offenses  which  may  be  punished 
by  imprisonment  in  the  state  prison  for  a  shorter  period  than 
life.  In  the  case  of  offenders  of  this  class  between  the  ages 
of  sixteen  and  twenty-one  years  it  shall  be  incumbent  on  the 
trial  court  to  commit  them  to  the  reformatory,  and  in  the 
case  of  offenders  of  this  class  between  the  ages  of  twenty-one 
and  twenty-five  years  the  trial  court  may  commit  them  to  the 
reformatory  if  they  seem  to  be  amenable  to  reformatory 
methods.  The  judge  imposing  a  reformatory  sentence  on 
offenders  of  this  class  shall  not  fix  the  term  unless  it  exceeds 
five  years,  but  shall  merely  impose  a  sentence  of  imprisonment 
in  the  reformatory.  Any  offender  in  this  class  sentenced  to 
the  reformatory  may  be  detained  therein  for  not  more  than 
five  years,  unless  he  is  sentenced  for  a  longer  term,  in  which 
case  he  may  be  held  for  such  longer  term.  Second,  persons 
between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  twenty-five  years,  never  con- 
victed of  an  offense  which  may  be  punished  by  imprisonment 
in  the  state  prison,  who  are  convicted  of  an  offense  which  may 
be  punished  by  a  maximum  imprisonment  of  one  year  in  jail. 
Commitment  of  offenders  of  this  class  to  the  reformatory 
shall  be  at  the  discretion  of  the  trial  court.  Offenders  of  this 
class  shall  not  be  sentenced  to  the  reformatory  for  a  definite 
term,  but  may  be  detained  therein  for  not  more  than  three 
years.  Third,  persons  between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  twenty- 
five  years,  never  convicted  of  an  offense  which  may  be  punished 
by  imprisonment  in  the  state  prison,  who  are  convicted 
of  an  offense  which  may  be  punished  by  a  maximum 
imprisonment  of  less  than  one  year,  but  not  less  than  six 


no 

months,  in  jail.  Commitment  of  offenders  of  this  class 
to  the  reformatory  shall  be  at  the  discretion  of  the  trial 
court.  Offenders  of  this  class  shall  not  be  sentenced  to  the 
reformatory  for  a  definite  term,  but  may  be  detained  therein 
for  not  more  than  two  years.  Fourth,  inmates  of  the  Con- 
necticut school  for  boys,  between  the  ages  of  fourteen  and 
twenty-one  years,  whom  the  trustees  of  said  institution- desire 
to  have  transferred  to  the  reformatory,  and  whom  the  directors 
of  the  reformatory  are  willing  to  receive.  Offenders  of  this 
class  may  be  detained  at  the  reformatory  for  the  same  period 
for  which,  except  for  their  transference  to  said  reformatory, 
they  could  have  been  held  at  the  school  for  boys.  When  a 
person  is  sentenced  to  the  reformatory  for  an  offense  for  which 
a  fine  is  provided  by  law  as  a  supplementary  penalty,  the  trial 
court  shall  impose  no  such  supplementary  penalty. 

Education  of  the  Deaf 
1911  ch  47  §1  §  338     The  governor  may  appoint,  for  a  period  of  not  more 

pnpjii  fa™Ste°f  thciri  twelve  years,  any  deaf  minor  person,  domiciled  within 
thfdeS011^  this  state,  as  a  pupil  at  any  institution  in  this  state  for  the 
education  of  the  deaf,  and  he  may,  in  his  discretion,  upon  the 
recommendation  of  the  principal  or  superintendent  of  such 
institution,  extend  said  period  not  exceeding  six  years.  The 
governor  may,  at  any  time,  for  cause,  revoke  any  such  appoint- 
ment. 
1911  ch  47  §2  §  33Q     The  governor  is  hereby  empowered  to  contract  on 

powered  to  con-  behalf  of  the  state  for  the  support,  care,  and  education  of  per- 
port,  careTInd  sons  appointed  under  this  act,  and  no  such  appointee  shall  be 
p^pifs^ap-^  withdrawn  from  any  such  institution  except  with  the  consent  of 
pointed  trie  pr0per  authorities  thereof,  or  of  the  governor. 

1911  ch  47  §3  §  340     Xhe  expense  heretofore  or  hereafter  incurred  for 

curred  for  sup-    the  support,  care,  and  education  of  all  deaf  minor  persons 
edacatfonoafnd    who  are  now,  by  appointment  of  the  governor,  pupils  of  any 
?y°theaSS?S^r  institution  in  this  state,  for  the  education  of  the  deaf,  shall, 
£eBtateme by    wnile  tnev  continue  as  such  pupils,  be  borne  by  the  state,  except 
so  far  as  such  expense  may  have  been  or  may  be  voluntarily 
paid  by  any  of  said  pupils,  their  parents  or  guardians;  but 
until  September  30,  191 1,  such  expense  shall  be  paid  out  of  the 
appropriation,  and  at  not  exceeding  the  per  capita  rate,  pro- 
vided in  a  resolution  making  an  appropriation  for  the  educa- 
tion of  the  deaf  and  dumb,  approved  March  30,  1909 ;  and  all 
payments  heretofore  made  from  the  treasury  of  the  state  for 
the  support,  care,  and  education  of  the  deaf  are  hereby  valid- 
ated and  confirmed. 


Ill 

Chapter  XXIII 
Elections  and  Electors 

§  341     The  moderator  of  any  town  meeting,  annual  or  QSsecisn 
special,  and  of  any  meeting  of  any  society  or  other  community  ReviS^j 
lawfully  assembled,  may,  when  any  disorder  arises  jn  the  meet-  Power  of 
ing,  and  the  offender  shall  refuse  to  submit  to  his  lawful  au-  ^PpS°rt° 
thority,  order  any  proper  officer  to  take  him  into  custody,  and,  disorder 
if  necessary,  to  remove  him  from  such  meeting  until  he  shall 
conform  to  order,  or,  if  need  be,  until  such  meeting  shall  be 
closed,  and  thereupon  such  officer  shall  have  power  to  com- 
mand all  necessary  assistance,  and  any  person  refusing  to  assist 
when  commanded  shall  be  liable  to  the  same  penalties  as  for  re- 
fusing to  assist  sheriffs  and  constables  in  the  execution  of  their 
offices ;  but  no  person  commanded  to  assist  shall  be  deprived 
of  his  right  to  act  in  the  meeting,  nor  shall  the  offender  be  so 
deprived  any  longer  than  he  refuses  to  conform  to  order.1 

§  342     Those  women  whose  names  appear  upon  the  regis-  as  sec  1799 
try  list  of  women  voters  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  in  any  meet-  1893ch266§2 
ing  held  for  choosing  school  officers  or  upon  any  matter  re-  ^/vote?™ 
lating  to  education  or  to  schools.  Bchooi  officers 

§  343     The  registrars  of  every  town  shall  also  enter  upon   ossecme 
a  separate  list  under  the  title  "  women's  list,  to  be  made,"  the    \f£  j*  JJJ 
names  of  those  women  by  whom  or  in  whose  behalf  the  claim  separate  list  of 
is  made  to  either  registrar  that  they  will  be  entitled  to  vote  for  ™°Jfeen  " to  be 
school  officers  and  on  questions  relating  to  education  or  to 
schools,  and  all  applications  "  to  be  made  "  in  favor  of  women, 
shall  be  at  the  same  times  and  in  the  same  form  and  set  forth 
the  same  information  as  applications  for  men  to  be  made  elect- 
ors, and  such  claims  and  applications  shall  be  received  by  said 
registrars  and  heard  and  determined  by  the  town  clerk  and 
selectmen  at  the  same  time  that  claims  and  applications  by 
men  to  be  made  electors  are  received,  heard,  and  determined. 

§  344     Everv  woman  who  shall  have  attained  the  asre  of  osseciets 
twenty-one  years,,  who  shall  be  a  citizen  of  this  state  or  of  i897cnii4 
the  United   States,  and  who  will  have  resided  in  the  state  ^^^ 
one  year  and  in  the  town  six  months,  and  can  read  the  English  in  school  and 
language,   shall,   after  having  been  duly   admitted,   have  the 
right  to  vote  for  any  officer  of  schools  and  directors  of  public 
libraries  and  upon  any  question  relating  to  education,  or  to 
schools,  or  to  public  libraries. 

1  The  enforcement  of   this  provision   requires   no  issue   of    process    65 
Conn  30 


112 


os$ec'i6so  §  345     The  board  of  selectmen  and  town  clerk  shall  at  any 

189?  ch  i?4  meeting  held  by  them  for  the  admission  of  electors,  examine 
1909  ch  96  §2  t|ie  qualifications  of  those  women  by  whom  or  in  whose  behalf 
how  Ster^ined  application  has  been  made  to  be  admitted  as  voters  for  school 
officers  and  for  directors  of  public  libraries  and  upon  any 
question  relating  to  education,  or  to  schools,  or  to  public 
libraries,  and  whose  names  appear  on  the  women's  list  — 
"  to  be  made,"  and  shall  cause  the  person  in  whose  favor  such 
application  is  made  to  testify  under  oath  to  her  qualifications 
to  be  made  such  voter,  and  shall  deliver  to  the  town  clerk  a 
certified  list  in  writing  of  all  women  who  are  found  to  possess 
the  requisite  qualifications  to  be  made  such  voters,  which  said 
list  shall  be  kept  by  said  town  clerk  as  an  official  list ;  and  the 
registrars  may  restore  to  said  list  the  name  of  any  woman, 
subject  to  the  same  restrictions  and  conditions  as  apply  to 
restoration  of  names  to  the  list  of  electors.  Every  woman 
who  shall  testify  falsely  as  to  her  qualifications  to  be  made  a 
voter,  or  knowingly  vote  illegally  at  any  town,  school,  or  dis- 
trict meeting,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  thirty  days. 

§  346  Whenever  registry  lists  shall  be  used  by  those  vot- 
ing in  school  district  meetings,  the  registrars  of  voters  of  the 
town  in  which  such  districts  are  situated,  shall  prepare  sepa- 
rate lists  of  the  names  of  those  women  residing  in  such  school 
districts,  or  the  voting  districts  of  any  such  school  districts, 
that  have  been  admitted  as  voters. 


OS  sec  16S1 
1893  ch  268 

Separate 
voting  lists 


1911  ch  123  §1 
Prohibition  of 
employment  of 
children  under 
16  in  operating 
certain 
machines 


Chapter  XXIV 
Employment  of  Children  in  Certain  Occupations 

See  Chapter  263  Public  Acts  1911 

§  347  No  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  em- 
ployed or  permitted  to  work  in  operating  or  assisting  in  oper- 
ating any  of  the  following  machines:  circular  or  band  saws, 
wood  shapers,  wood  jointers,  planers,  sandpaper  or  wood- 
polishing  machinery;  picker  machines  or  machines  used  in 
picking  wool,  cotton,  fur,  hair,  or  any  upholstery  material; 
paper-lace  machines;  burnishing  machines  in  any  tannery  or 
leather  manufactory;  job  or  cylinder  printing  presses  having 
motor  power  other  than  foot;  wood  turning  or  boring  ma- 
chinery; stamping  machines  used  in  sheet  metal  and  tinware 
manufacturing  or  in  washer  or  nut  factories ;  machines  used  in 
making  corrugating  rolls;  dough  brakes  or  cracker  machinery 


H3 

of  any  description ;  wire  or  iron  straightening  machinery ;  roll- 
ing mill  machinery ;  power  punches  or  shears ;  washing,  grind- 
ing, or  mixing  machinery;  calendar  rolls  in  rubber  manu- 
facturing; or  laundering  machinery. 

§  348     No  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  em-  i9iichi23§2 
ployed  or  permitted  to  work  at  adjusting  or  assisting  in  adjust-  p^yment^of em" 
ing  any  belt  to  any  machinery,  or  oiling  or  assisting  in  oiling,  ^Sg^ertSn 
wiping,  or  cleaning  machinery ;  or,  in  any  capacity,  in  prepar-  machinery 
ing  any  composition  in  which  dangerous  or  poisonous  acids  are 
used;  or  in  soldering;  or  in  the  manufacture  or  packing  of 
paints,  dry  colors,  or  red  or  white  lead ;  or  in  the  manufacture, 
packing,  or  storing  of  powder,  dynamite,  nitro-glycerin,  com- 
pounds, safety  fuses  in  the  raw  or  unvarnished  state,  electric 
fuses  for  blasting  purposes,  or  other  explosives ;  or  in  or  about 
any  distillery,  brewery,  or  other  establishment  where  malt  or 
alcoholic  liquors  are  manufactured,  packed,  wrapped,  or  bot- 
tled; and  no  female  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  em- 
ployed or  permitted  to  work  in  any  capacity  requiring  such 
female   to  stand   continuously. 

S  <?4Q     No  person  under  eighteen  years  of  age  shall  be  i9iichi23§3 

S    Ol-y  F  fc>  J  &  Prohibition  of 

employed  or  permitted  to  have  the  care,  custody,  or  manage-  employment  of 
ment  of  or  to  operate  an  elevator,  either  for  freight  or  pas-  ning  elevators0" 
sengers,  running  at  a   speed  of  over  two  hundred  feet  per 
minute.     Nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  as  repealing 
section  2614  of  the  general  statutes. 

§  350  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  factory  inspector  to  1911  eh  12s  §4 
enforce  the  provisions  of  this  act,  to  investigate  all  complaints  &8pectoractory 
of  violations  thereof,  and  to  report  all  cases  of  such  violation 
to  the  prosecuting  officer  having  jurisdiction.  The  factory  in- 
spector shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  December  in  each 
year,  make  a  report  to  the  governor  of  the  number  of  such 
violations  found  and  the  number  of  prosecutions  instituted 
thereon. 

§  351     Every  person,  whether   acting   for  himself  or  as  1911  ch  133  §5 
agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ  or  authorize  or  permit  to 
be  employed  any  child  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of 
this  act  shall  be  fined  not  more-  than  one  hundred  dollars.      Penalty 

Employment  of  Minors  and  Women 
§  352  No  minor  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  no 
woman,  shall  be  employed  in  laboring  in  any  mercantile  estab- 
lishment, other  than  manufacturing  or  mechanical,  more  than 
fifty-eight  hours  in  any  calendar  week.  Every  employer  in 
such  establishment  shall  post  in  a  conspicuous  place,  in  every 
room  where  such  persons  are  employed,  a  notice,  the  form  of 


U4 

which  shall  be  furnished  by  the  factory  inspector,  stating 
specifically  the  hours  of  work  required  of  such  persons  on 
each  day  of  the  week,  and  the  employment  of  any  such  person 
for  a  longer  time  in  any  day  than  so  stated  shall  be  a  violation 
of  this  section;  provided,  that  in  case  any  employer  in  such 
establishment  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  January  of  any 
year,  give  notice  to  his  employees,  by  notices  posted  as  herein- 
before provided,  that  the  hours  of  labor  of  minors  under  six- 
teen years  of  age  and  of  women  employed  by  him,  as  afore- 
said, shall  not  exceed  fifty-five  in  any  calendar  week  during  the 
months  of  June,  July,  and  August  of  the  ensuing  year,  then 
said  employer  may  employ  such  minors  and  women  not  to 
exceed  sixty  hours  in  any  calendar  week  during  said  year, 
except  during  said  months  of  June,  July,  and  August;  and 
provided,  further,  that  any  employer  in  such  establishment  who 
shall,  during  each  year,  give  not  less  than  seven  holidays  with 
pay,  shall  be  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  this  section  during 
the  period  from  the  seventeenth  to  the  twenty-fifth  day  of 
December  of  each  year. 


OS  tec  U6S 

1884 
Rev  1888  §1417 

Unlawful 
exhibition  or 
employment 
of  child 


1907Ich:69 
Penalty  for 
causing  delin- 
quency or  de- 
pendency •   BUS 
pension  of  sen 
tence 


Chapter  XXV 

Crimes 

Offenses  against  the  Person 

§  353  Every  person  who  shall  exhibit,  use,  employ,  ap- 
prentice, give  away,  let  out,  or  otherwise  dispose  of  any  child 
under  the  age  of  twelve  years,  in  or  for  the  vocation,  occupa- 
tion, service,  or  purpose  of  rope  or  wire  walking,  dancing, 
skating,  bicycling,  or  peddling,  or  as  a  gymnast,  contortionist, 
rider,  or  acrobat,  in  any  place  whatever ;  or  for  or  in  any  ob- 
scene, indecent,  or  immoral  purpose,  exhibition,  or  practice, 
whatsoever ;  or  for  or  in  any  business,  exhibition,  or  vocation, 
injurious  to  the  health,  or  dangerous  to  the  life  or  limb  of 
such  child;  or  who  shall  cause,  procure,  or  encourage  any 
such  child  to  engage  therein,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  two 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  one 
year,  or  both.  But  nothing  herein  shall  prevent  the  employ- 
ment of  any  such  child  as  a  singer  or  musician,  in  any  church 
or  school,  or  in  learning  or  teaching  the  science  or  practice 
of  music. 

§  354  Any  parent,  guardian,  or  other  person  who  shall, 
by  any  act  or  neglect,  cause,  encourage,  contribute  to,  or  be 
responsible  for  such  conduct  or  condition  of  any  child  under 
sixteen  years  of  age  as  by  statute  is  made  cause  for  the  com- 
mitment of  such  child  to  the  Connecticut  school  for  boys,  the 


u5 

Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  or  a  county  temporary 
home,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars,  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months,  or  both.  The  court 
may  impose  conditions  upon  any  person  convicted  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  and  so  long  as  such  person  shall  comply 
therewith  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  court  the  sentence  imposed 
may  be  suspended. 

Offenses  against  Public  Property 

§  355     Every  person  who  shall  wilfully  injure  any  public  osmciiw 
building,1  or  who  shall  wilfully  injure  or  carry  away  any  stove,  Revi8888i4»8 
stove-pipe,  or  furniture,  in  and  belonging  to  any  such  build-    1899ch129 
ing,  or  who  shall  wilfully  deface  or  injure  a  voting  booth  or     .  S 
compartment,   shall   be   fined   not   more   than   one   hundred  bmKings pu 
dollars,  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months,  or  both.2  vo™ngUbootLj 

§  356     Every  person  who  shall  wilfully  write  upon,  injure,  GSsecim 
or   destroy   any   book,   plate,   picture,   engraving,   or   statue  Revl^2§1428 
belonging  to  any  library  not  exclusively  owned  by  himself,    i889chio4 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars,  and  every  ^opertynJofry  t0 
person  who  shall  wilfully  detain  any  book,  paper,  magazine,  public  library 
pamphlet,  manuscript,  or  other  property,  belonging  to  any 
town,  city,  law,  university,  college,  school,  or  other  public  or 
incorporated,  library,  for  thirty  days  after  notice  in  writing 
from  the  librarian  of  such  library,  sent  by  mail  or  otherwise 
to  the  last  known  or  registered  place  of  residence  of  such 
person,  after  the  expiration  of  the  time  during  which,  by  the 
by-laws,   rules,   or  regulations   of   such   library,    such   book, 
paper,   magazine,   pamphlet,    manuscript,   or   other   property 
may  be  kept,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 
The  notice  herein  required  shall  bear  upon  its  face  a  copy  of 
this  section. 

Offenses  against  Public  Peace  and  Safety 

§  357     Every  person  who  shall  wilfully  interrupt  or  dis-  ossecim 
turb  any  school,3  or  any  assembly  of  people  met  for  a  lawful  ^JS^iloei 
purpose,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  seven  dollars,  or  im-  JKrb&g    W 
prisoned  not  more  than  thirty  days,  or  both.  a  meetings1, 

§  358     Every  person  who  shall  prevent  a  lawful  meeting  ossecisoo 
of  any  community  from  proceeding,  in  an  orderly  and  peace-  Re^^g ^q 
able  manner,  to  the  appointment  of  a  moderator,  or  shall  Disturbance 
abuse  him,  or  a  presiding  officer  of  an  electors'  meeting,  or  of  meetings 

1  For  definition  of  public  building  see  Gen  Stat  §  1 

'  Complaint  must  set  out  with  particularity  the  "injury"  62  Conn  131 
"Wilfully"  means  in  a  spirit  of  wantonness  or  with  an  evil  intent  or  guilty 
purpose     71  Conn  742 

3  Singing  school  within  terms  of  statute  de  interrupting  "any  public, 
private,  or  select  school"     26  Conn  607;  see  also  28  Conn  232 


n6 


G  8  sec  I860 
1895  ch  216 
1911  ch  154 
Children 
protected  from 
improper 
amusements 


OS  sec  1361 
1869  ch  80 

Sale  of  tohacco 
to  minors 
1911  ch  90 


G  8  sec  186$ 
1889  ch  80 

Use  of  tohacco 
by  minors 


G  S  sec  1895 

1886 
Rev  1888  §2563 
1907  ch  234 
Presence  of 
minors 
forbidden  in 
billiard  rooms 


GSsec  1885 
1895ch84 

Display  of 
foreign  flags 


interrupt  either  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty,  or,  after  he  has 
commanded  silence,  shall  speak  in  the  meeting  without  his 
liberty,  except  to  ask  reasonable  liberty  to  speak,  shall  be 
fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars. 

Offenses  against  Public  Policy 

§  359  Any  person  owning,  keeping,  or  managing,  wholly 
or  in  part,  any  dance  house,  concert  saloon,  roller  skating  rink, 
theater,  moving  picture  show,  or  phonograph  hall,  or  any 
museum  having  entertainments  or  variety  shows  connected 
therewith,  who  shall  allow  at  any  time  any  child  under  the  age 
of  fourteen  years,  or  after  six  o'clock  p.  m.  of  any  day  any  boy 
under  the  age  of  fourteen  or  any  girl  under  the  age  of  sixteen 
years,  to  be  admitted  to  or  remain  in  such  place,  unless  such 
child  is  accompanied  by  its  parent  or  guardian  or  some  adult 
person  authorized  by  such  parent  or  guardian  to  attend  such 
child,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars. 

§  360  Every  person  who  shall  sell,  give,  or  deliver  to 
any  minor  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  tobacco  in  any  form, 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five  dollars  for  the  first 
offense,  and  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars  nor  more  than  one 
hundred  dollars  for  each  subsequent  offense. 

§  361  Every  person  under  sixteen  years  of  age  who  shall 
smoke,  or  in  any  way  use,  in  any  public  street,  place,  or  resort, 
tobacco  in  any  form  whatsoever,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than 
seven  dollars  for  each  offense. 

§  362  ....  Any  proprietor  or  keeper  of  a  public  bil- 
liard or  pool  room  who  shall,  at  any  time,  permit  any  person 
under  eighteen  years  of  age  to  loiter  in  or  about  such  room,  or 
who  shall  employ  any  person  under  eighteen  years  of  age  in  or 
about  such  room,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  seven  dollars,  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  thirty  days,  or  both. 

§  363  Every  person  who  shall  display  the  flag  or  emblem 
of  any  foreign  country  upon  the  outside  of  any  state,  county, 
city,  or  town  building,  or  public  schoolhouse,  shall  be  fined 
not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars ;  provided,  that  when  any 
foreigner  shall  become  a  guest  of  the  United  States  or  of  this 
state,  upon  the  proclamation  of  the  governor,  the  flag  of  the 
country  of  such  guest  may  be  displayed  upon  all  public  build- 
ings except  schoolhouses. 


ii7 
Chapter  XXVI 

STATE  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 

Appointed  by  the  Governor: 

Edward  D.  Robbins  of  New  Haven 

for  the  term  of  two  years  from  July  i,  i9n 

Appointed  by  General  Assembly: 

Howell  Cheney  of  Manchester 

for  the  term  of  four  years  from  and  after 
the  first  day  of  July  ign 

William  H.  Palmer  of  Norwich 

for  the  term  of  four  years  from  and  arter 
the  first  day  of  July  191 2 

Appropriations 

DEFICIENCIES 

Special  Acts  191 1  Page  61 
The  following  sums  are  hereby  appropriated  to  be  paid  out  of  any 
money  in  the  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  supply  deficien- 
cies in  the  appropriations  for  the  objects  hereinafter  specified  for  the 
two  fiscal  years  ending  September  30,  191 1:  For  the  state  board  of 
education,  for  average  attendance  grant,  thirty-five  thousand  dollars; 
for  transportation  of  children  to  high  schools,  two  thousand  dollars; 
for  supervision  of  schools,  thirty-five  thousand  dollars;  for  tuition  of 
children  in  high  schools,  eight  thousand  dollars ;  for  school  libraries  and 
apparatus,  four  thousand  dollars;  for  pay  and  expenses  of  special 
agents,  eight  thousand  dollars ;  for  salaries  of  clerks,  two  thousand  and 
twenty-five  dollars;  for  office  expenses,  four  hundred  and  seventy-five 
dollars. 

For  two  years  ending  September  30,  1913 
Special  acts  191 1      Page  302 

The  following  sums  are  hereby  appropriated  to  be  paid  out  of  any 
money  in  the  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  in  full  compensa- 
tion for  the  objects  hereinafter  specified  for  the  two  fiscal  years  ending 
September  30,  1913 :  For  the  support  of  the  common  schools  of  the 
several  towns,  per  capita  allowance,  one  million  one  hundred  and  fifty- 
nine  thousand  dollars;  for  evening  schools,  sixteen  thousand  dollars; 
for  tuition  of  children  in  high  schools,  sixty-eight  thousand  dollars; 
for  transportation  of  children  to  high  schools,  twenty-five  thousand 
dollars;  for  support  of  common  schools,  average  attendance  grant,  one 
hundred  and  ninety  thousand  dollars;  for  supervision  of  schools,  one 
hundred  and  three  thousand  dollars;  for  the  state  board  of  education, 


n8 

for  normal  schools,  for  salaries  and  running  expenses,  two  hundred 
thousand  dollars;  for  salaries  of  the  secretary  and  clerks,  fourteen 
thousand  four  hundred  dollars;  for  salary  of  agent,  three  thousand 
dollars;  for  traveling  expenses  of  the  secretary  and  agent,  thirty-three 
hundred  dollars;  for  printing  and  binding,  three  thousand  dollars;  for 
boilers  at  New  Britain  normal  school,  three  thousand  dollars ;  for  office 
expenses,  thirteen  thousand  five  hundred  dollars;  for  school  libraries 
and  apparatus,  eighteen  thousand  dollars ;  for  public  libraries,  eighteen 
thousand  dollars;  for  teachers'  meetings,  six  thousand  dollars;  for 
paying  expenses  of  special  agents  to  enforce  the  laws  relating  to 
the  employment  of  children  and  laws  relating  to  attendance  at  school, 
twenty  thousand  dollars;  for  expenses  of  board,  one  hundred  dollars; 
for  maintenance  of  trade  schools  at  New  Britain  and  Bridgeport,  one 
hundred  thousand  dollars ;  for  training  teachers,  seven  thousand  dollars. 


Special  acts  191 1  Page  428 
The  following  sum  is  hereby  appropriated  to  be  paid  out  of  any 
money  in  the  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  in  full  compensation 
for  the  object  hereinafter  specified  for  the  two  fiscal  years  ending 
September  30,  1913 :  For  the  state  board  of  education,  for  the  Con- 
necticut public  library  committee,  sixty-five  hundred  dollars. 

Pension  to  Giles  Potter 
Special  acts  of  191 1     Page  64 

That  the  sum  of  seven  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  annually,  beginning 
on  the  first  day  of  January,  191 1,  be  paid  to  Giles  Potter  of  New 
Haven,  during  his  natural  life,  as  a  pension  granted  to  said  Giles 
Potter;  and  the  comptroller  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  draw 
his  orders  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  said  Giles  Potter,  quarterly,  on 
the  first  day  of  January,  April,  July,  and  October  in  each  year  for  the 
amount  of  said  pension  for  the  three  months  next  preceding,  except 
that  the  first  payment  made  shall  cover  the  accrued  pension  from  the 
first  day  of  January,  191 1,  to  the  date  of  such  payment. 


Chapter  XXVII 
Special  acts  relating  to  towns  or  districts 

Ansonia 

Special  act  441,  1901,  page  1046,  as  amended  by  special  act  302,  1905, 

page  737 

§  50  The  territorial  limits  of  said  city  as  herein  described  shall 
hereafter  be,  as  they  now  are,  one  school  district. 

§  51  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  education,  which 
shall  have  the  care,  management,  and  control  of  all  the  schools  located 
in  said  city. 


ii9 

§  52  Said  department  shall  be  under  the  control  of  nine  members, 
who  shall  be  known  as  the  board  of  education,  and  who  shall  be 
nominated  by  the  mayor  and  confirmed  by  the  board  of  aldermen  as 
provided  for  in  section  three  of  this  act. 

§  53  The  members  of  said  board  shall  receive  no  compensation  for 
their  services,  except  the  clerk  thereof,  who  shall  receive  such  com- 
pensation as  said  board  may  determine. 

§  54  Said  board  shall  hold  regular  meetings  every  month,  and 
such  special  meetings  from  time  to  time  as  it  may  appoint  or  the  mayor 
may  call. 

§  55  Said  board  shall,  at  its  first  meeting  after  its  appointment 
and  annually  thereafter,  elect  from  its  number  a  president,  who  shall 
preside  at  all  meetings  of  said  board,  except  when  the  mayor  shall  be 
present.  It  shall  also  appoint  from  its  number  a  clerk,  who  shall  keep  a 
record  in  a  book  for  that  purpose  of  all  votes,  acts,  and  transactions  of 
said  board,  and  shall  perform  any  and  all  other  duties  imposed  upon 
him  by  said  board  or  by  the  provisions  of  this  act.  Said  board  shall 
elect  one  or  more  suitable  persons  truant  officers*  to  act  as  such  in 
enforcing  the  general  statutes  regarding  school  attendance. 

§  56  Said  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools  and  such  number  of  assistants*  principals,  and  teachers  as  it 
may  decide  to  be  necessary  from  time  to  time,  and  it  shall  fix  their 
salaries,  prescribe  the  terms  of  their  office,  and  their  duties,  in  each 
case.  The  superintendent  and  teachers  and  other  persons  employed 
by  the  present  board  of  education  of  said  city  shall  retain  their  respec- 
tive positions  until  their  successors  shall  be  chosen  and  duly  qualified, 
and  the  rules  and  regulations  now  in  force  shall  remain  in  full  force 
until  repealed  or  otherwise  changed. 

§  57  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  the  entire  charge  and 
direction  of  all  the  public  schools  in  said  city  and  of  the  expenditure 
of  all  moneys  appropriated  for  the  support  of  the  same,  and  shall  keep 
all  the  school  buildings  and  apparatus  used  therein  in  good  condition 
and  repair,  and  shall  have  and  possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject 
to  all  the  general  duties  of  boards  of  education,  school  committees,  and 
school  visitors  in  this  state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  It  shall  make  its  own  by-laws,  define  the  duties 
of  its  officers  and  committees,  and  prescribe  such  rules  and  regulations 
for  discipline  in  said  public  schools  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the 
laws  of  this  state  or  this  act. 

§  58  Said  board  of  education  shall,  during  the  month  of  September 
in.  each  year,  submit  to  the  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  a  detailed' 
estimate  of  the  expenses  for  the  support  of  said  schools  during  the 
ensuing  year  for  which  appropriation  shall  be  made,  specifying  so  far 
as  possible  the  items  of  such  expense. 

§  59  Said  board  of  education  shall,  annually,  at  the  end  of  each 
fiscal  year,  transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during 
said  year,  together  with  a  statement  showing  the  total  amount  of  money 
received  and  expended  for  the  support  of  said  schools. 

§  60    Said  board  of  education  shall  monthly  send  to  the  city  clerk 


120 

a  detailed  statement  of  the  expenses  incurred  during  the  preceding 
month,  and  thereupon  said  clerk  shall  draw  an  order  upon  the  city 
treasurer  to  pay  the  amount  of  such  expenses. 


Library 
Special  acts  of  191 1   page  102 

Section  seventy-eight  of  an  act  revising  the  charter  of  the  city  of 
Ansonia,  approved  June  13,  1901,  as  amended  by  section  twenty-three 
of  an  act  amending  the  charter  of  said  city,  approved  June  13,  1905, 
is  hereby  amended  by  striking  out  all  of  said  section,  commencing  with 
the  words  "The  remaining"  in  line  fourteen,  and  ending  with  the 
words  "  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes "  in  line  twenty,  and  inserting  in  lieu 
thereof  the  following :  "  The  remaining  three  of  said  directors  may 
be  non-residents,  and  shall  be  appointed  in  the  month  of  December, 
191 1,  and  in  the  month  of  December  triennially  thereafter,  by  Olivia 
E.  P.  Stokes  of  New  York  city  and  Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  of  New 
Haven,  and  by  the  survivor  of  them;  and  said  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  or 
Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  or  both,  may,  in  their  discretion,  act  as  such 
directors;  and  upon  the  death  of  said  survivor,  said  appointments  shall 
thereafter  be  made,  in  perpetuity,  by  the  president  or  acting  president  of 
Yale  University  of  New  Haven.  Said  three  directors  so  appointed 
shall  hold  office  for  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  January  next 
following  their  appointment,  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed; 
and  in  the  case  of  a  vacancy,  including  any  vacancy  in  the  group  of 
three  directors  originally  provided  to  be  appointed  under  the  provisions 
of  the  deed  of  gift  of  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes,  and  any  vacancy  arising 
by  failure  to  exercise  said  appointing  power  in  the  month  of  December, 
as  above  provided,  said  appointing  power  may,  at  any  time,  fill  the 
vacancy  for  the  unexpired  term.  Such  appointment  shall  be  in  writing, 
lodged  with  the  city  clerk  of  the  city  of  Ansonia";  by  striking  out,  in 
lines  twenty-four,  twenty-five,  and  twenty-six,  of  said  section  the  words 
"and  shall  approve  and  appoint  one  of  said  group  of  three  directors, 
which  latter  shall  be  selected  as  provided  by  said  deed  of  gift ",  by  strik- 
ing out,  in  line  twenty-seven,  the  word  "board"  and  inserting  in  lieu 
thereof  the  words  "group  of  six  directors",  and  by  striking  out  the 
figures  "1905"  in  line  twenty-one  and  inserting  in  lieu  thereof  the 
figures  "1911",  so  that  said  section  as  amended  shall  read  as  follows: 
There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  the  public  library,  which 
shall  be  under  the  management  and  control  of  a  board  of  nine  library 
directors,  who  shall  serve  without  pay.  Said  board  of  directors  shall 
have  charge  of  all  property  of  said  city  used  for  the  purposes  of  said 
library,  and  shall  direct  the  expenditures  of  all  money  placed  at  its 
disposal  by  the  city,  from  whatever  source  derived,  and  of  all  money 
and  property  which  may  be  donated  by  private  individuals  to  said 
library.  The  members  of  the  board  of  library  directors,  holding  office 
by  appointment  under  the  provisions  of  the  deed  of  gift  from  Caroline 
Phelps  Stokes,  when  this  act  takes  effect,  shall  continue  to  hold  their 


121 

respective  offices  until  their  successors  are  appointed  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  Six  of  said  nine  directors  shall  be  electors 
of  said  city  and  shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided. The  remaining  three  of  said  directors  may  be  non-residents,  and 
shall  be  appointed  in  the  month  of  December,  191 1,  and  in  the  month 
of  December  triennially  thereafter,  by  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  of  New- 
York  city,  and  Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  of  New  Haven,  and  by  the 
survivor  of  them,  and  said  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  or  Anson  Phelps  Stokes, 
Jr.,  or  both,  may,  in  their  discretion,  act  as  such  directors;  and  upon 
the  death  of  said  survivor,  said  appointments  shall  thereafter  be  made, 
in  perpetuity,  by  the  president  or  acting  president  of  Yale  University 
of  New  Haven.  Said  three  directors  so  appointed  shall  hold  office 
for  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  January  next  following  their 
appointment,  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed;  and  in  the  case 
of  a  vacancy,  including  any  vacancy  in  the  group  of  three  directors 
originally  provided  to  be  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  the  deed 
of  gift  of  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes,  and  any  vacancy  arising  by  failure 
to  exercise  said  appointing  power  in  the  month  of  December,  as  above 
provided,  said  appointing  power  may,  at  any  time,  fill  the  vacancy  for 
the  unexpired  term.  Such  appointment  shall  be  in  writing,  lodged  with 
the  city  clerk  of  the  city  of  Ansonia.  In  the  month  of  December,  191 1, 
and  annually  thereafter  in  the  month  of  December,  the  mayor  shall 
appoint  two  directors  to  hold  office  for  three  years  from  the  first  day 
of  January  next  following  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed  and 
confirmed  as  provided  for  in  section  nine  of  this  charter,  who  shall 
belong  to  said  group  of  six  directors.  The  mayor  shall  fill  any  vacancy 
in  said  group  of  six  directors  caused  by  death,  resignation,  removal, 
or  otherwise,  for  the  unexpired  term,  as  provided  for  in  section  nine 
of  this  charter. 

Bridgeport 
Library 
Public  acts  of  1909  chapter  67 
§  1  Section  4639  of  the  general  statutes  is  hereby  amended  by 
adding  at  the  end  of  said  section  the  following :  "  In  the  city  of  Bridge- 
port the  present  directors  of  the  public  library  and  reading  room  shall 
hold  office  for  the  respective  terms  for  which  they  were  appointed  and 
until  their  successors  shall  be  appointed  and  qualified.  The  directors 
of  said  public  library  and  reading  room  shall  have  power,  by  a  ma- 
jority vote,  to  appoint  suitable  persons,  selected  with  reference  to 
their  fitness  for  said  office,  to  fill  all  vacancies  which  may  arise  in  their 
number  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  office,  or  any  other  cause. 
When  the  vacancy  arises  or  is  to  arise  from  expiration  of  term  of  office, 
the  appointment  shall  be  made  in  the  month  of  June  and  shall  be  for 
the  term  of  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  succeeding  their 
appointment;  when  the  vacancy  arises  from  any  other  cause  than  the 
expiration  of  the  term  of  office,  the  appointment  shall  be  for  the  unex- 
pired term.     Every  director  appointed  shall  hold  his  office  until  his 


122 

successor  is  appointed  and  qualified,  but  every  appointment  made  by 
the  directors  shall  be  with  the  approval  of  the  common  council  of  said 
city  of  Bridgeport.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  secretary  of  the  board 
of  directors  to  give  written  notice  to  the  common  council  of  said  city 
of  such  appointments.  The  public  library  and  reading  room  of  said 
Bridgeport  shall  continue  to  be  known  as  the  Bridgeport  Public  Library 
and  Reading  Room,"  so  that  said  section  as  amended  shall  read  as 
follows:  When  any  city  council  shall  have  decided  to  establish  and 
maintain  a  public  library  and  reading  room  under  the  authority  granted 
by  section  4638,  the  mayor  of  such  city  shall,  with  the  approval  of 
said  council,  appoint  a  board  of  nine  directors  for  the  same,  chosen 
with  reference  to  their  fitness  for  such  office;  and  not  more  than  one 
member  of  the  city  council  shall  be  a  member  of  said  board.  In  the 
city  of  Bridgeport  the  present  directors  of  the  public  library  and  read- 
ing room  shall  hold  office  for  the  respective  terms  for  which  they  were 
appointed  and  until  their  successors  shall  be  appointed  and  qualified. 
The  directors  of  said  public  library  and  reading  room  shall  have  power, 
by  a  majority  vote,  to  appoint  suitable  persons,  selected  with  reference 
to  their  fitness  for  said  office,  to  fill  all  vacancies  which  may  arise  in 
their  number  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  office,  or  any  other 
cause.  When  the  vacancy  arises  or  is  to  arise  from  expiration  of 
term  of  office,  the  appointment  shall  be  made  in  the  month  of  June 
and  shall  be  for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  next 
succeeding  their  appointment;  when  the  vacancy  arises  from  any 
other  cause  than  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  office,  the  appointment 
shall  be  for  the  unexpired  term.  Every  director  appointed  shall  hold 
his  office  until  his  successor  is  appointed  and  qualified,  but  every 
appointment  made  by  the  directors  shall  be  with  the  approval  of  the 
common  council  of  said  city  of  Bridgeport.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  secretary  of  the  board  of  directors  to  give  written  notice  to  the 
common  council  of  said  city  of  such  appointments.  The  public  library 
and  reading  room  of  said  Bridgeport  shall  continue  to  be  known  as 
the  Bridgeport  Public  Library  and  Reading  Room. 


schools 
Special  acts  of  1907  pages  495   500  and  527 

§  4  All  burdens  and  all  expenses  imposed  by  law  upon  the  town 
of  Bridgeport  for  the  support  of  schools  and  for  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  schoolhouses  shall  hereafter  be  borne  by  said  city  and 
shall  be  defrayed  out  of  the  treasury  of  said  city  and  said  city  shall 
hereafter  perform  all  the  duties  and  have  and  exercise  all  the  rights, 
powers,  and  privileges  of  and  relative  to  said  purposes  and  matters 
by  law  conferred  upon  said  town,  and  all  laws  of  the  state  imposing 
such  duties,  burdens,  and  expenses,  and  conferring  such  rights,  powers, 
and  privileges  upon  said  towns,  are  hereby  amended  so  as  to  be  here- 
after applicable  to  and  operative  upon  said  city,  except  as  is  herein 
otherwise  provided. 

§  13    At  the  city  meeting  in  November,  1907,  and  annually  there- 


123 

after,  there  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  from  the  city  at  large  four  mem- 
bers of  the  board  of  education,  who  shall  be  officers  of  the  city,  and 
who  shall  hold  their  respective  offices  for  the  term  of  three  years  from 
the  Monday  next  succeeding  their  election. 

§  15  At  every  election  for  members  of  the  board  of  education,  a 
plurality  of  votes  shall  elect,* but  no  voter  shall  vote  for  more  than 
two  of  such  officers  to  be  elected.  In  case  at  any  such  election  there 
shall  fail  to  be  a  choice  of  any  such  officer,  then  such  meeting  shall 
stand  adjourned  to  the  next  following  Monday,  at  the  same  hour 
of  the  day  when  first  held,  and  the  election  of  such  officers  shall  be 
proceeded  with  in  the  same  manner  and  determined  by  the  same  rule 
as  the  election  on  said  first  day.  Should  any  vacancy  occur  before  the 
expiration  of  the  term  of  office  of  any  member  of  said  board,  the  re- 
maining members  of  said  board  may  appoint  some  person  belonging 
to  the  same  political  party  to  fill  such  vacancy  for  the  remainder  of 
such  term. 

§  83  The  city  shall  continue  to  be  a  consolidated  school  district; 
and  it  shall  be  in  place  of  the  town  of  Bridgeport  in  all  duties,  powers, 
obligations,  and  other  matters  required  by  law  of  or  by  the  town  in 
all  matters  concerning  education;  and  it  shall  act  instead  of  the 
town.  All  the  powers,  obligations,  duties,  rights,  and  property  of  the 
town,  whether  as  a  town  or  as  a  consolidated  school  district,  shall 
continue  to  "be  vested  in  and  belong  to  the  city. 

§  84  There  shall  continue  to  be  a  board  of  education  composed  of 
twelve  members  elected  as  herein  provided.  The  board  of  education 
shall  have  all  the  powers  now  or  hereafter  vested  in  and  shall 
perform  all  the  duties  now  or  hereafter  imposed  by  law  on  the 
school  committee  and  selectmen  of  towns  relative  to  school  and  edu- 
cational matters;  and  said  board  shall  have  the  superintendence,  man- 
agement, and  control  of  all  matters  concerning  education,  schools, 
and  school  property,  and  the  power  of  fixing  or  changing  the  sites  of 
schoolhouses.  Said  board  shall  audit  and  approve,  monthly,  all  bills 
for  the  ordinary  current  expenses  of  its  department,  and  report  the 
same  to  the  city  auditor,  who  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or  not 
the  appropriation  is  sufficient  for  the  payment  thereof,  and  if  sufficient 
he  shall  so  certify  to  the  city  treasurer,  and  thereupon  the  same  shall 
become  due  and  payable.  The  president  and  secretary  of  the  board  of 
education  may  draw  upon  said  treasurer  in  favor  of  the  persons 
entitled  to  payment  thereof.  The  police  commissioners  shall  assign 
one  or  more  patrolmen  to  act  as  truant  officers  in  enforcing  the 
statutes  in  such  case  made  and  provided. 

§  85  The  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  shall  appropriate 
a  sufficient  sum  annually  to  enable  the  board  of  education  to  supply 
the  public  schools  of  said  Bridgeport  below  the  high  school  grade  with 
free  text-books  and  supplies,  which  sum  shall  not  be  less  than  one 
and  one-quarter  dollars  per  pupil  in  average  daily  attendance  for  the 
school  year  ending  July  first  next  preceding,  according  to  the  records 
of  the  board  of  education  of  said  Bridgeport.  Nothing  in  this  reso- 
lution shall  be  construed  to  prevent  any  child,  parent,  or  guardian  from 


124 

purchasing,  at  his  own  expense,  text-books  for  use  of  pupils  in  the 
public  schools,  which  text-books  shall  be  provided  at  cost  by  the  board 
of  education  of  Bridgeport. 

Authorizing  the  city  of  Bridgeport  to  issue  school  bonds. 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  427. 

Danbury 

Special  acts  of  1905,  page  1070,  as  amended  by  special  acts  of  1907, 

page  249  as  amended  by  special  acts  191 1,  pages  302-304. 

On  the  first  Tuesday  of  September  in  each  year  the  board  of  finance 
shall  hold  a  meeting,  and  at  said  meeting  the  town  school  committee 
shall  submit  estimates  of  the  moneys  necessary  to  be  appropriated  for 
the  maintenance  of  the  schools  of  said  town  of  Danbury  for  the  year 
next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fifteenth  day  of  September  in  each  year,  and 
shall  at  the  same  time  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  a  statement  of 
the  expenditures  of  said  town  school  committee  for  the  preceding 
year,  and  the  board  of  selectmen  at  said  meeting  shall  submit  esti- 
mates of  the  moneys  necessary  to  be  appropriated  for  all  other  expenses 
in  said  town  of  Danbury  for  the  year  next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fif- 
teenth day  of  September  in  each  year;  said  estimates  shall  be  pub- 
lished once  in  a  newspaper  published  in  said  town  of  Danbury,  at  least 
five  days  before  said  meeting.  Said  board  of  finance  may  adjourn  said 
meeting  from  time  to  time,  and  at  said  meeting,  or  any  adjournment 
thereof,  shall  make  appropriations  for  the  expenses  of  said  town  of 
Danbury  as  aforesaid,  for  the  year  next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fifteenth 
day  of  September  in  each  year;  and  said  board,  at  its  discretion,  may 
make  appropriations  for  paying  off  any  part  of  the  debt  of  said  town, 
and  also  to  provide  a  fund  for  any  public  improvement,  and  shall  classify 
said  appropriations  under  proper  heads.  At  said  meeting  and  at  all  ad- 
journments thereof  said  board  of  finance  shall  hear  all  parties  who 
may  desire  to  be  heard  relative  to  any  of  said  estimates.  Said  appropria- 
tions made  by  said  board  shall  be  filed  in  the  town  clerk's  office  in  the 
town  of  Danbury  on  or  before  the  last  Monday  of  September  next 
ensuing,  and  shall  be  published  once  in  a  newspaper  published  in  said 
town,  on  or  before  said  last  Monday  of  September,  but  said  appropria- 
tions made  by  said  board  shall  be  submitted  by  the  board  of  selectmen 
to  the  annual  town  meeting  next  to  be  held  in  said  town  of  Danbury, 
or  to  a  special  town  meeting  to  be  called  by  the  selectmen  during  the 
month  of  October  in  any  year  when  there  shall  be  no  annual  town  meet- 
ing. Said  annual  or  special  town  meeting  as  aforesaid,  shall  have 
power  to  decrease  the  appropriations  or  any  item  thereof,  but  in  no 
case  shall  it  have  power  to  increase  the  appropriations  or  any  item 
thereof.  The  appropriations  so  recommended  shall  be  the  appropria- 
tions of  the  town  of  Danbury  for  the  ensuing  year  beginning  September 
fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  unless  said  appropriations  be  decreased  by  said 
annual  or  special  town  meeting  as  aforesaid,  in  which  case  the  action 
of  said  town  meeting  shall  be  final.    On  or  before  the  second  Saturday 


125 

of  March  next  ensuing,  said  board  of  finance  shall  determine  the  tax 
rate,  which  shall  be  laid  on  the  grand  list  of  said  town  then  last  com- 
pleted, which  with  the  other  estimated  income  of  the  town  shall  be 
sufficient  to  meet  the  appropriations  of  the  town  for  the  year  beginning 
September  fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  and  may  fix  the  time  when  such  tax 
shall  become  due  and  payable.  Said  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said 
board  shall  be  filed  in  the  town  clerk's  office  in  the  town  of  Danbury 
on  or  before  said  second  Saturday  of  March,  and  shall  be  published, 
together  with  the  appropriations  made  by  said  board,  once  in  a  news- 
paper published  in  said  town,  on  or  before  said  second  Saturday  of 
March.  The  rate  of  taxation  so  determined,  shall  be  submitted  by 
the  board  of  selectmen,  to  a  special  town  meeting  which  shall  be  called 
by  the  selectmen,  and  shall  be  held  on  the  third  Saturday  of  March 
next  ensuing.  Said  special  town  meeting,  called  as  aforesaid,  shall 
have  power  to  decrease  the  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said  board  of 
finance,  but  in  no  case  shall  it  have  power  to  increase  the  rate  of  taxa- 
tion, or  to  decrease  the  rate  of  taxation  so  as  to  create  a  deficiency. 
The  rate  of  taxation  reported  by  said  board  shall  be  final  for  the 
ensuing  year  beginning  September  fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  unless  said 
rate  of  taxation  be  decreased  by  said  special  town  meeting,  in  which 
case  the  action  of  said  special  town  meeting  shall  be  final.  The  total 
amount  of  appropriations  for  any  one  year  shall  not  exceed  the  esti- 
mated income  for  that  year,  nor  shall  any  board  of  selectmen,  or  town 
school  committee  of  said  town,  nor  the  town,  in  any  special  meeting, 
vote  to  incur  any  liability  or  expense,  by  contract  or  otherwise,  for 
which  said  town  shall  be  responsible,  in  excess  of  the  appropriations 
estimated  by  said  board. 

Library 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  434 
That  section  two  of  the  resolution  incorporating  a  public  library 
in  the  borough  of  Danbury,  approved  June  5,  1869,  is  hereby  amended 
by  striking  out  all  of  said  section  and  inserting  in  lieu  thereof  the 
following:  "Charles  H.  Merritt,  John  Tweedy,  Alfred  N.  Wildman, 
Howard  B.  Scott,  George  W.  Merritt,  Harry  C.  Meserve,  Charles  H. 
Merritt,  Jr.,  and  J.  Moss  Ives,  all  of  Danbury,  and  Granville  M.  White 
and  Edmund  Tweedy  of  New  York,  are  hereby  appointed  and  con- 
firmed as  trustees  of  said  Danbury  library;  and  in  case  of  a  vacancy 
hereafter  occurring  by  reason  of  the  death,  resignation,  or  removal  of 
any  of  said  trustees,  the  surviving  or  remaining  trustees  may  fill  such 
vacancy,  except  that  the  first  three  vacancies  occurring  shall  not  be 
filled,  so  that  the  board  of  trustees  shall  thereafter  consist  of  seven 
members  and  the  four  additional  members  hereinafter  provided  for. 
The  mayor  of  the  city  of  Danbury,  the  first  selectman  of  the  town  of 
Danbury,  the  superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Danbury,  and 
the  principal  of  the  state  normal  school  in  Danbury  shall,  at  all  times, 
be,  ex  officio,  members  of  said  board  of  trustees." 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  608 
That  the  town  of  Danbury  and  the  city  of  Danbury  are  hereby 


126 

authorized  to  appropriate  money  for  the  support  and  maintenance  of 
the  Danbury  Public  Library. 


Darien 
Special  acts  191 1,  pages  109-112 

§  1  There  shall  be  in  the  town  of  Darien  a  board  of  finance  com- 
posed of  six  electors  of  said  town,  to  be  elected  in  the  manner  here- 
inafter provided,  which  electors  shall  be  taxpayers  and  shall  hold  no 
other  office  in  the  government  of  said  town. 

§  7  On  the  first  Tuesday  of  September  in  each  year  the  board  of 
finance  shall  hold  a  meeting,  and  at  said  meeting  the  town  school 
committee  shall  submit  itemized  estimates  of  the  moneys  necessary  to 
be  appropriated  for  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  of  said  town  for 
the  year  next  ensuing,  beginning  the  first  Monday  in  October  in  each 
year,  and  shall,  at  the  same  time,  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  an 
itemized  statement  of  the  expenditures  of  said  town  school  committee 
for  the  preceding  year;  and  the  board  of  selectmen,  at  said  meeting, 
shall  submit  itemized  estimates  of  the  moneys  necessary  to  be  appropri- 
ated for  all  other  expenses  of  said  town  for  the  next  ensuing  year, 
beginning  on  the  first  Monday  of  October  in  each  year,  and  shall,  at 
the  same  time,  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  an  itemized  statement 
of  the  expenditures  made  for  the  various  town  departments  for  the 
past  year;  said  estimates  shall  be  published  once  in  a  newspaper  pub- 
lished in  said  town  of  Darien,  if  any  there  be,  otherwise  in  a  newspaper 
published  in  the  city  of  Stamford  or  the  city  of  South  Norwalk,  at  least 
three  days  before  the  second  Tuesday  of  September  in  each  year.  At 
a  meeting  held  on  the  second  Tuesday  of  September,  and  at  all  adjourn- 
ments thereof,  said  board  of  finance  shall  hear  all  parties  who  may 
desire  to  be  heard  relative  to  any  of  said  estimates,  and  said  board,  at 
said  meeting  or  at  any  adjournment  thereof,  shall  make  appropria- 
tions for  the  expenses  of  said  town  of  Darien,  as  aforesaid,  for  the 
year  next  ensuing,  beginning  on  the  first  Monday  of  October  in  each 
year;  and  said  board,  at  its  discretion,  may  make  appropriations  for 
paying  off  any  part  of  the  debt  of  the  town,  and  also  to  provide  a 
fund  for  public  improvements,  and  shall  classify  said  appropriations 
under  proper  heads ;  and  said  board  shall  lay  such  tax  upon  the  grand 
list  of  said  town  last  completed  as  it  shall  deem  necessary,  and  may  fix 
the  time  when  such  tax  shall  become  due  and  payable.  Said  appro- 
priations and  the  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said  board  shall  be  filed  in 
the  town  clerk's  office  in  the  town  of  Darien  on  or  before  the  third 
Tuesday  of  September  next  ensuing,  and  shall  be  published  in  a  news- 
paper published  in  said  town,  if  any  there  be,  otherwise  in  a  news- 
paper published  in  the  city  of  Stamford  or  the  city  of  South  Norwalk, 
on  or  before  the  last  Tuesday  of  September;  and  said  appropriations 
and  the  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said  board  shall  be  submitted  by  the 
board  of  selectmen  to  the  annual  town  meeting  next  to  be  held  in  said 
town  of  Darien.     Said  annual  town  meeting  shall  have  power  to  de- 


127 

crease  the  appropriations,  or  any  item  thereof,  or  the  rate  of  taxation 
fixed  by  said  board  of  finance,  but  in  no  case  shall  it  have  the  power 
to  increase  said  appropriations,  or  any  item  thereof,  or  the  rate  of 
taxation.  The  rate  of  taxation  so  reported  by  said  board  shall  be 
final,  and  the  appropriations  recommended  shall  be  the  appropriations 
of  the  town  of  Darien  for  the  ensuing  year  beginning  on  the  first  Mon- 
day of  October  as  aforesaid,  unless  such  rate  of  taxation  or  said 
appropriations  be  decreased  by  said  annual  town  meeting,  in  which 
case  the  action  of  said  town  meeting  shall  be  final.  The  total  amount 
of  appropriations  for  any  one  year  shall  not  exceed  the  estimated  in- 
come for  that  year,  nor  shall  any  board  of  selectmen  or  town  school 
committee  of  said  town,  nor  the  town  in  any  special  meeting,  vote  to 
incur  any  liability  or  expense,  by  contract  or  otherwise,  for  which  said 
town  shall  be  responsible,  in  excess  of  the  appropriations  estimated 
by  said  board. 

§  9  Said  board  shall  have  power  to  make  transfers  of  unexpended 
balances  from  one  appropriation  to  another,  but  no  amount  appropria- 
ated  for  any  one  purpose,  whether  general  or  special,  shall  be  used 
or  appropriated  for  any  other  purpose  unless  the  same  be  recommended 
by  said  board. 

Derby 
Special  acts  of  1909,  pages  998-1001 ;  sections  28-33 
§  28  The  city  of  Derby  may  maintain  a  public  library  with  a 
reading  room  and  an  audience  room  connected  therewith,  with  such 
kindred  and  incidental  conveniences  as  it  may  deem  proper,  the  use 
of  which  under  proper  regulations  shall  be  free  to  its  inhabitants. 
There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  the  public  library  which 
shall  be  under  the  management  and  control  of  a  board  of  nine  library 
directors  who  shall  serve  without  pay.  No  person  shall  be  ineligible 
by  reason  of  sex  to  serve  on  said  board.  Said  board  of  directors 
shall  have  charge  of  all  the  property  of  said  city  used  for  the  pur- 
poses of  said  library  and  shall  direct  the  expenditure  of  all  money 
placed  at  its  disposal  by  the  city  from  whatever  source  derived  and 
of  all  money  and  property  which  may  be  donated  by  private  individuals 
to  said  library.  The  members  of  the  board  of  library  directors,  hold- 
ing office  by  appointment  under  the  provisions  of  the  general  statutes, 
when  this  act  takes  effect,  shall  continue  to  hold  their  respective  offices 
until  their  successors  are  appointed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions 
of  this  act.  Six  of  said  nine  directors  shall  be  residents  of  said  city 
and  shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  as  hereinafter  provided.  The  re- 
maining three  of  said  directors  may  be  nonresidents  of  said  city  and 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  in  accordance  with  any  agreement 
therefor  which  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  mayor  and  board  of 
aldermen  of  said  city,  and  said  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen  are  author- 
ized to  enter  into  any  such  agreement  with  reference  to  the  appoint- 
ment of  said  three  directors,  and  for  such  length  of  time  whether  deter- 
minable or  in  perpetuity,  as  they  may  deem  advisable.  In  the  absence  of 
any  such  agreement  or  upon  the  expiration  of  same,  the  mayor  shall 


128 

appoint  such  three  directors,  and  may  in  his  discretion  appoint  resi- 
dents or  nonresidents  of  said  city.  The  present  board  of  directors 
shall  hold  their  offices  for  the  terms  to  which  they  have  been  appointed 
and  until  their  successors  are  appointed.  In  April,  191 1,  and  biennially 
thereafter,  in  the  month  of  April,  the  mayor  shall  appoint  three  direc- 
tors to  hold  office  for  six  years  from  the  first  Monday  of  May  next  fol- 
lowing and  until  their  successors  are  appointed,  two  of  whom  shall  be- 
long to  said  group  of  six  directors,  and  one  to  said  group  of  three  direc- 
tors. The  mayor  shall  fill  any  vacancy  in  said  board  caused  by  death, 
resignation,  removal,  or  otherwise,  for  the  unexpired  term. 

§  29  Said  board  of  directors  shall  make  and  enforce  such  by-laws, 
rules,  and  regulations  as  it  may  deem  proper  for  the  management, 
protection,  and  preservation  of  the  property  of  said  library  and  the 
management  and  use  of  the  rooms  thereof,  and  shall  have  all  the  rights 
and  powers  and  be  liable  to  the  performance  of  all  the  duties  and  obli- 
gations belonging  by  statute  to  directors  of  public  libraries  in  cities  of 
this  state  and  not  inconsistent  with  this  act.  They  shall  have  power, 
with  the  consent  of  the  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen,  to  make  a  con- 
tract or  contracts  on  behalf  of  and  in  the  name  of  said  city  with  the 
Derby  Neck  Library  Association  for  the  use  and  occupation  of  any 
property  of  said  Derby  Neck  Library  Association  in  furtherance  of 
the  purpose  of  a  free  public  library.  Said  board  of  directors  may  also 
from  time  to  time  make  such  arrangements  with  reference  to  the  use 
of  books  with  the  free  public  library  of  Ansonia  and  the  free  public 
library  of  Shelton  as  may  be  agreed  upon  and  may  be  deemed  advisable 
in  furtherance  of  the  purposes  of  a  free  public  library;  but  no  such 
arrangement  involving  the  expenditure  of  additional  money  shall  be 
made  unless  the  same  is  approved  by  the  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen 
of  said  city  of  Derby.  Said  board  of  library  directors  shall  annually 
report  in  writing  to  the  mayor  of  said  city  the  condition  of  said  library, 
the  circulation  of  books,  and  generally  the  operation  of  said  library 
for  the  preceding  year. 

§  30  Said  board  shall,  by  ballot,  biennially,  at  such  time  and  place 
as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  by-laws,  elect  one  of  its  number,  who 
shall  be  a  resident  of  said  city,  to  be  president,  who  shall  hold  office, 
until  his  successor  is  elected;  and  said  board  shall  elect  a  secretary, 
treasurer,  and  such  other  officers  as  it  may  deem  necessary,  all  of 
whom  shall  serve  without  pay,  and  shall  appoint  and  remove  such 
librarian  or  librarians  and  other  employees  as  it  may  deem  necessary 
for  the  proper  management  of  said  library  and  reading  room  and 
shall  fix  the  duties  and  compensation  of  such  librarian  and  employees. 
The  offices  of  secretary  and  treasurer  may  be  held  by  the  same  person. 
§  31  The  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  of  the  city  of 
Derby  shall  annually  appropriate  a  sum  of  money  not  less  than  three 
thousand  dollars  for  the  care,  maintenance,  and  support  of  said  public 
library,  and  may  from  time  to  time  appropriate  in  addition  thereto 
sums  of  money  for  building  purposes,  repairs,  books,  or  improvements 
in  real  estate  and  fixtures,  not  exceeding  two  thousand  dollars  in  any 
five  years.  All  moneys  which  have  been  or  shall  be  appropriated  by  said 


129 

city  for  library  purposes  shall  by  the  treasurer  of  said  city  be  paid  over 
to  the  treasurer  appointed  by  the  board  of  library  directors  on  the  first 
Monday  in  May  in  each  year.  No  payment  shall  be  made  by  said 
treasurer  appointed  by  said  board  of  library  directors  except  upon  bills 
or  orders  approved  in  such  manner  as  may  be  provided  in  the  by-laws, 
and  all  bills  and  vouchers  for  expenses  incurred  shall  be  kept  on  file 
as  may  be  provided  in  the  by-laws  and  shall  be  subject  to  inspection 
by  the  mayor,  the  city  treasurer,  the  corporation  council,  and  any  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  directors  of  said  library.  The  board  of  directors 
of  said  library  shall  not,  on  account  of  city  appropriations  or  as  charge- 
able thereto,  expend  any  money  in  excess  of  the  money  therefor  ap- 
propriated by  said  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  for  the  use 
of  said  library,  except,  however,  that  any  funds  not  derived  from  such 
city  appropriation  may  be  expended  to  such  an  amount  and  for  such 
purposes  as  said  board  of  directors  shall  deem  that  the  interests  of 
said  library  may  require. 

§  32  Said  board  of  directors  may  make  rules,  under  such  con- 
ditions as  it  may  deem  best,  extending  all  the  privileges  of  said  library 
to  any  or  all  of  the  following  classes  of  persons,  vis :  First,  to  nonresi- 
dents attending  school  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of  Derby;  second, 
to  nonresidents  doing  business  in  said  city  of  Derby  who  pay  taxes 
therein;  third,  to  all  nonresidents  on  the  payment  of  such  sum  as  may 
be  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors.  The  audience  room  and  any  other 
available  room  of  said  library  may  be  used  for  all  such  scientific,  literary, 
and  other  educational  purposes,  lectures,  and  meetings  as  may  be  ap- 
proved by  the  directors,  and  for  such  other  purposes  and  meetings 
as  the  directors  may  deem  to  be  expedient,  and  for  the  use  of  said 
rooms  said  directors  may  charge  such  reasonable  price  as  they  shall 
deem  proper,  except  that  when  said  room  shall  be  used  for  scientific, 
literary,  historical,  or  other  educational  lectures,  any  charges  therefor 
shall  be  at  the  discretion  of  said  directors,  but  shall  in  no  case  exceed 
the  reasonable  expense  attendant  upon  such  use.  Any  fees  received  for 
the  use  of  said  rooms  as  aforesaid  shall  be  applied  to  the  general  pur- 
poses of  said  library.  The  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city 
are  authorized  and  empowered  in  the  name  and  in  behalf  of  said  city  to 
accept  any  real  estate  which  may  be  donated  to  said  city  for  any  of  the 
purposes  mentioned  in  this  act  under  such  terms,  conditions,  agree- 
ments, and  stipulations  with  reference  thereto  and  the  management 
thereof  and  the  name  of  said  library  as  they  may  deem  to  be  to  the  ad- 
vantage of  said  city  and  not  inconsistent  with  this  act.  All  money, 
books,  and  other  personal  property  donated  to  said  city  for  library 
purposes,  or  to  said  library,  may  be  accepted  by  said  board  of  direc- 
tors under  such  conditions,  restrictions,  and  stipulations  as  they  shall 
deem  advantageous  to  said  library  and  said  city. 

§  33  The  board  of  sinking  fund  commissioners  of  said  city  shall 
be  a  board  of  trustees  of  any  permanent  fund  or  any  trust  for  said 
public  library,  and  shall  receive,  hold,  manage,  invest,  and  re-invest, 
in  the  manner  provided  by  law  with  reference  to  the  investment  of 
trust  funds  in  this  state,  any  money  or  other  property  which  by  devise, 


130 

bequest,  or  donation  shall  be  given  for  the  establishment  of  any  per- 
manent fund,  or  in  trust  for  the  benefit  of  said  public  library.  Such 
fund  shall  be  kept  as  a  separate  fund,  and  said  commissioners  shall 
annually  report  in  writing  the  condition  of  such  fund,  its  disposition, 
and  the  manner  of  its  investment,  to  the  mayor  of  said  city.  The  in- 
come of  said  fund  shall  semi-annually  be  turned  over  to  said  board 
of  directors  for  the  use  of  said  library,  or  as  specified  in  the  terms  of 
any  devise,  bequest,  or  donation  thereof.  Should  any  income  of  said 
fund  not  be  expended  in  any  one  year,  such  unexpended  income  shall 
be  subject  at  any  time  to  the  order  of  said  board  of  directors.  Any 
and  all  absolute  donations  of  money  or  other  personal  property,  whether 
by  gift,  bequest,  or  devise,  shall  be  held,  managed,  and  used  as  said 
board  of  directors  may  deem  expedient.  The  board  of  apportion- 
ment and  taxation  may  annually  appropriate  the  sum  of  three  hun- 
dred dollars  towards  defraying  the  expense  of  the  Derby  Neck  Library 
Association. 

Special  acts  of  1909,  pages  1009-1011;  sections  51-56 
§  51  Said  city  shall  be  a  consolidated  school  district,  and  shall 
be  substituted  for  and  take  the  place  of  the  town  of  Derby  in  all  meet- 
ings, matters,  duties,  powers,  obligations,  and  proceedings  required  by 
law  of  or  by  the  town  of  Derby  in  all  matters  concerning  education, 
and  shall  act  instead  of  said  town;  and  all  the  powers,  obligations, 
duties,  rights,  and  property  of  the  several  school  districts  and  said 
town  shall,  with  reference  to  education,  be  vested  in  and  belong  to 
said  city,  which  shall  be  and  act  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  such 
consolidated  school  district. 

§  52  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  board  of  education,  consisting 
of  seven  electors.  One  member  of  said  board,  to  be  known  as  the 
chairman  of  the  board  of  education,  shall  be  elected  upon  the  general 
ticket  with  the  mayor,  and  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected 
from  each  ward.  The  chairman  of  said  board  shall  hold  office  for  two 
years  from  the  first  Monday  of  January  succeeding  his  election  and 
until  his  successor  is  duly  elected  and  qualified.  Each  political  party  in 
each  ward  shall  nominate  and  place  upon  its  ticket  half  as  many  candi- 
dates for  the  office  of  member  of  the  board  of  education  as  there  shall 
be  members  of  said  board  to  be  elected  in  such  ward.  The  secretary 
of  the  meeting  of  each  political  party  nominating  candidates  for  alder- 
men shall  file  in  the  office  of  the  city  clerk  a  list,  by  him  attested  and 
signed,  of  the  members  of  the  board  of  education  from  such  ward 
nominated  by  said  party,  at  least  thirty-six  hours  before  the  opening  of 
the  polls  on  election  day.  Any  number  of  voters  associated  together 
and  nominating  candidates  for  members  of  tke  board  of  education  in 
any  ward,  either  directly  or  through  a  convention  to  which  delegates 
shall  be  chosen,  shall  be.  a  political  party  within  the  meaning  of  this 
act;  but  nothing  contained  herein  shall  be  construed  so  as  to  prevent 
any  voter  from  inserting  in  the  place  provided  by  law,  the  name  of 
any  person  not  nominated  for  such  office. 


I3i 

§  53  The  two  members  of  said  board  elected  from  the  second  and 
third  wards  at  the  city  election  held  on  the  Tuesday  after  the  first 
Monday  of  November,  1912,  shall  be  elected  for  four  years,  and  quad- 
rennially thereafter  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected  from 
each  of  said  wards  for  the  term  of  four  years.  The  two  members  of 
said  board  elected  from  the  first  ward  at  the  city  election  held  on  the 
Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  November,  1914,  shall  be  elected 
for  four  years,  and  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected  from 
said  first  ward  quadrennially  thereafter  for  the  term  of  four  years. 

§  54  Vacancies  in  said  board  shall  be  filled  by  the  remaining  mem- 
bers of  said  board  of  the  political  party  in  which  the  vacancy  occurs 
until  the  same  shall  be  filled  by  the  voters  of  the  ward  in  which  such 
vacancy  occurs,  and  in  case  it  is  filled  by  the  voters  of  said  ward  it 
shall  only  be  for  the  unexpired  term.  Vacancies  shall  be  filled  from  the 
same  political  party  and  from  the  same  ward  in  which  the  vacancy 
exists.  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  all  the  powers  now  or 
hereafter  vested  in  and  shall  perform  all  the  duties  now  or  here- 
after imposed  by  law  on  town  school  committees,  selectmen,  and  boards 
of  school  visitors,  relative  to  schools  and  educational  matters,  and 
such  board  shall  have  the  superintendence,  management,  and  control 
of  all  matters  concerning  education,  schools,  and  school  property  in 
said  city. 

§  55  The  police  commissioner  of  said  city  shall  assign  one  or  more 
policemen  to  act  as  truant  officers  in  enforcing  the  statutes  of  this  state 
in  such  cases  provided.  Said  board  of  education  shall  audit  and  ap- 
prove all  bills  for  the  ordinary  current  expenses  of  its  department, 
and  the  said  clerk  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or  not  the  appro- 
priation is  sufficient  for  the  payment  thereof,  and,  if  sufficient,  he 
shall  draw  his  order  for  the  same  upon  the  city  treasurer  in  favor  of 
the  persons  entitled  to  payment  thereof.  Said  board  of  education  shall 
submit  to  the  mayor,  on  or  before  the  first  Monday  of  October  in 
each  year,  an  estimate  of  the  amount  required  for  the  support  and 
maintenance  of  the  public  schools  of  said  city  for  the  ensuing  fiscal 
year. 

§  56  All  the  property  of  the  town  of  Derby,  the  borough  of  Birm- 
ingham, and  the  several  school  districts  of  said  town,  and  all  rights 
of  action  and  all  securities  of  said  municipalities  and  liens  therefor, 
including  liens  for  taxes  or  assessments  due  the  town  of  Derby,  the 
borough  of  Birmingham,  and  the  several  school  districts  in  said  town 
are  hereby  transferred  to  and  vested  in  said  city  of  Derby,  and  the 
cky  of  Derby  is  hereby  made  liable  for  all  the  debts,  dues,  bonds,  and 
obligations  of  every  kind  and  nature  of  the  town  of  Derby,  the  bor- 
ough of  Birmingham,  and  the  several  school  districts  of  said  town  that 
are  now  due  or  may  hereafter  become  due,  and  shall  execute,  abide 
by,  and  perform  all  the  duties  and  obligations  and  have  and  exercise 
all  the  rights  of  said  town  of  Derby,  borough  of  Birmingham,  and 
the  several  school  districts  of  said  town,  and  any  creditor  or  person 
whomsoever  having  any  claim  or  right  of  action  arising  out  of  any 
contract  or  obligation,  or  otherwise,  against  said  town,  said  borough, 
9 


132 


or  said  school  districts  may  enforce  the  same  against  said  city  of 
Derby  in  the  same  manner  as  if  said  claim,  right,  or  obligation  had 
originally  accrued  against  said  city  of  Derby. 


Greenwich 
An  act  amending  an  act  changing  the  form  of  government  for  the 
»  town  of  Greenwich 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  264 
Creates  a  board  of  estimate  and  taxation  and  prescribes  the  duties 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors  and  high  school  committee,  sections  5, 
6,  7,  8,  10,  12,  16. 

Groton 
Authorizing  the  fifth  school  district  of  the  town  of  Groton  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  286 


Hartford 

Amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford  by  providing  for  a 
juvenile  commission 

Special  Acts  1009,  page  636 

§  1  There  shall  be  in  the  city  of  Hartford  a  commission  on 
juvenile  affairs  which  shall  consist  of  six  citizens  resident  in  said  city. 

§  2  The  necessary  expenses  of  said  commission,  not  exceeding  such 
amount  as  the  court  of  common  council  of  said  city  shall  appropriate 
for  such  purpose,  shall  be  paid  by  said  city,  but  no  member  of  said 
commission  shall  receive  any  compensation  for  his  services. 

§  3  In  April,  1009,  the  mayor  of  said  city  shall  appoint  the  mem- 
bers of  said  commission,  two  for  the  term  of  three  years,  two  for  the 
term  of  two  years,  and  two  for  the  term  of  one  year  from  and  after 
May  1,  1909,  and  the  mayor  shall  appoint  two  members  in  the  month 
of  April  of  each  year  thereafter  for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the 
first  day  of  May  next  thereafter.  All  appointments  to  said  commission 
shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  court  of  common  council  of 
said  city.  The  members  of  said  commission  shall  hold  office  until  their 
respective  successors  are  appointed  and  qualified. 

§  4  Said  commission  shall  have  power  to  investigate  and  inquire 
into  all  questions  relating  to  the  welfare  of  the  children  of  the  city, 
to  collect  and  compile  statistics  or  other  information  relating  to  child 
life  within  the  city,  and  to  recommend  legislation  in  the  interests  of 
children.  Said  commission  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  the  court 
of  common  council  containing  a  summary  of  its  investigations  and 
recommendations. 


133 

Concerning  an  expression  by  the  voters  of  the  town  and  city  of  Hart- 
ford of  their  choice  between  a  resolution  establishing  a  board  of 
education   for  the   City  of   Hartford  and  a   resolution   concerning 
equalization  of  school  district  taxes  within  the  City  of  Hartford. 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  609  et  seq 

§  1  That  the  proper  authorities  of  the  town  and  city  of  Hartford 
are  hereby  instructed  and  directed  to  insert  in  the  calls  for  the  annual 
meeting  of  said  town  and  city  to  be  holden  at  Hartford  in  April,  1912, 
notice  that  at  said  meeting  two  resolutions,  substitute  for  Senate  Joint 
Resolution  No.  30,  establishing  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of 
Hartford,  and  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution  No.  168,  amend- 
ing the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford  concerning  taxation  for  school 
purposes,  copies  of  which  resolutions  are  hereto  annexed  and  made 
part  of  this  resolution,  will  be  presented  to  the  voters,  to  determine 
the  choice  of  the  electors  of  said  town  and  city,  including  among  such 
electors  women  who  are  authorized  to  vote  for  the  choice  of  school 
officers  within  said  town  and  city,  between  such  resolutions  as  appli- 
cable to  the  school  districts  of  said  city  and  to  said  city. 

§  2  The  proper  authorities  of  said  town  and  city  are  hereby  directed 
to  cause  proper  ballot  boxes  and  printed  ballots  to  be  provided  at  said 
meeting  for  the  use  of  the  electors  of  said  town  and  city,  including 
women  as  aforesaid,  in  voting  as  to  which  of  said  two  resolutions 
they  and  each  of  them  favor. 

§  3  Said  Ballots  shall  read,  respectively,  "  Consolidation "  and 
"  Equalization  '\  Ballots  bearing  the  word  "  Consolidation  ",  cast  in 
said  ballot  boxes,  shall  be  taken  as  cast  and  shall  be  counted  by  the 
proper  officers  in  favor  of  said  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution 
No.  30;  ballots  bearing  the  word  "Equalization",  cast  in  said  ballot 
boxes,  shall  be  taken  as  cast  and  shall,  be  counted  by  the  proper  officers 
in  favor  of  said  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution  No.  168. 

§  4  No  elector  or  woman  qualified  to  vote  at  said  meeting,  as 
aforesaid,  shall  cast  or  be  permitted  to  cast  more  than  one  ballot,  at 
said  meeting,  as  to  the  matter  hereby  submitted  to  such  voters  for  an 
expression  of  their  opinion. 

§  5  Unless  at  least  fifty  per  centum  of  the  registered  voters  of 
said  town  and  city  cast  their  ballots,  at  said  meeting  of  said  town  and 
city,  in  pursuance  of  the  authority  and  direction  of  this  resolution, 
the  result  of  such  vote  shall  not  be  regarded  as  a  final  expression  of 
the  opinion  of  the  voters  of  said  town  and  city  on  the  questions  hereby 
submitted. 

Substitute  for  joint  resolution  No.  30 
§  1  That  on  July  first  of  the  year  following  the  acceptance  of  this 
resolution  by  vote  at  a  city  meeting  duly  called  to  consider  and  act 
thereon,  the  property  and  assets  of  all  the  school  districts  having  local 
limits  within  the  city  of  Hartford  shall  pass  to  and  be  vested  in  said 
city,  and  on  said  date  said  city  shall  assume  the  payment  of  all  indebt- 


134 

edness,  of  every  name  and  nature,  of  such  districts.  On  and  after  said 
July  first  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Hartford  then  in 
office  shall  become  and  be  constituted  a  board  of  education  of  said  city 
of  Hartford,  and  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  perform  all  the  duties 
of  district  committees  of  school  districts  within  said  town  and  city,  of 
the  high  school  committee  of  the  town  of  Hartford,  and  of  the  board 
of  school  visitors  of  said  town,  until  the  election  and  qualification  of 
a  board  of  education  as  hereinafter  set  forth. 

§  2  No  power  of  school  districts  or  any  officer  thereof,  nor  of 
members  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  nor  of  members  of  the  high 
school  committee,  except  such  as  are  reserved  or  given  by  this  resolu- 
tion, shall  be  exercised  by  them  after  said  July  first,  but  every  school 
district  within  the  city  of  Hartford  then  existing  may  preserve  its 
organization  and  necessary  powers  for  the  purpose  of  closing  and 
settling  up  its  affairs.  Nothing  herein  shall  be  construed  as  barring 
the  collection  of  school  district  taxes  due  on  said  July  first. 

§  3  Immediately  after  said  July  first  said  board  of  school  visitors 
then  in  office  shall  organize  as  a  board  of  education  of  the  city  of 
Hartford,  shall  elect  a  chairman  from  their  own  number,  and  shall 
appoint  a  secretary,  which  chairman  and  secretary  shall,  respectively, 
perform  the  duties  and  exercise  the  powers  now  pertaining  to  the 
offices  of  chairman  and  secretary  of  boards  of  school  visitors.  Said 
board  shall  appoint  one  or  more  acting  visitors,  or  a  superintendent, 
to  exercise,  under  its  direction,  supervision  over  the  schools.  It  shall 
have  the  care  and  management  of  lands,  buildings,  and  other  apparatus 
used  for  school  purposes;  it  shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifica- 
tions of  the  scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school;  it  shall  employ 
a  requisite  number  of  qualified  teachers;  it  shall  designate  the  schools 
which  shall  be  attended  by  the  various  children  resident  within  the  city 
of  Hartford,  and  shall  make  such  provisions  as  will  enable  every  child 
of  school  age  residing  in  the  city  who  is  of  proper  mental  and  physical 
condition  ,to  attend  some  public  school  for  the  period  required  by  law; 
it  may  provide  for  transportation  of  children  whenever  such  trans- 
portation may  seem  fit  and  desirable;  it  may  arrange,  if  it  sees  fit,  with 
the  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  any  adjoining  town  for 
the  instruction  therein  of  such  children  as  can  attend  school  in  such 
adjoining  town  more  conveniently;  and  it  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts 
necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  powers  granted  and  duties  imposed 
by  this  resolution. 

§  4  The  court  of  common  council  of  the  city  of  Hartford  may,  by 
ordinance,  fix  the  compensation,  if  any,  of  the  members  of  such  board 
of  education,  but  the  secretary  of  said  board  shall  receive  an  annual 
salary  of  at  least  the  sum  of  three  thousand  dollars.  He  shall  be  the 
business  executive  of  said  board.  Said  board  of  education  may  employ, 
from  time  to  time,  such  agents  and  employees  as  it  may  deem  neces- 
sary, and  may  fix  their  duties  and  the  compensation  to  be  paid  to  them 
by  the  city  of  Hartford.  In  no  case  shall  said  board  employ  any  per- 
son to  perform  any  duty  in  connection  with  the  schools  under  contract 
for  a  longer  period  than  one  year,  except  as  superintendent  of  schools, 


135 

who  in  no  case  shall  be  appointed  for  a  term  of  office  exceeding  four 
years,  and  except  for  construction  or  repair  of  school  property. 

§  5  The  board  of  school  visitors  shall  pass  out  of  office  as  a  board 
of  education  on  July  first  of  the  year  following  their  organization  as  a 
board  of  education,  and  at  the  annual  town  and  city  meeting  held  on 
the  first  day  of  April  of  said  year  there  shall  be  elected  nine  persons 
residents  of  the  city  of  Hartford,  to  serve  as  a  board  of  education  f©r 
said  city,  and  who  shall,  on  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their 
election,  and  until  their  respective  successors  are  chosen  and  qualified, 
constitute  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of  Hartford,  with  the 
powers  and  duties  hereinbefore  specified.  Said  board  of  education 
shall  be  nominated  and  elected  in  classes,  three  members  to  hold  office 
for  one  year,  three  members  for  two  years,  and  three  members  for 
three  years,  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their  election  and 
until  their  respective  successors  are  elected  and  qualified,  and  no  per- 
son shall  vote  for  more  than  two  members  of  each  class.  Said  mem- 
bers so  elected  shall  constitute  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of 
Hartford,  with  the  powers  and  duties  hereinbefore  specified.  At  each 
annual  town  and  city  meeting  thereafter  there  shall  be  nominated  and 
elected  three  members  of  said  board  of  education  to  hold  office  for 
three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their  election, 
and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two  of  such  members. 

Substitute  for  senate  joint  resolutioa  No.  168 

§  i  That  section  five  of  a  resolution  amending  the  charter  of  the 
city  of  Hartford  creating  a  board  of  finance,  approved  April  5,  1905, 
being  section  eighty-five  of  the  compiled  charter  of  the  city  of  Hart- 
ford, is  hereby  amended  so  that  the  fourth  sentence  thereof  shall  read 
as  follows:  In  the  preparation  of  said  estimates,  said  board  shall  give 
notice  to  each  board  and  department  and  to  the  chairman  of  each  school 
district  committee  of  a  definite  time  when  and  place  where  it  will  meet 
to  consider  the  needs  of  such  board,  department,  or  school  district; 
and  said  board  of  finance  shall  recommend  such  tax  upon  the  polls 
and  ratable  estates  within  the  limits  of  said  city  as  it  shall  deem 
necessary  to  meet  such  expenses. 

§  2  Each  school  district  committee  of  the  city  of  Hartford  shall 
annually  submit  to  the  board  of  finance  of  said  city,  in  such  form  and 
at  such  time  as  said  board  shall  require,  its  report  showing  the  detailed 
expenses  of  the  district  for  its  fiscal  year  last  past,  and,  on  or  before 
February  first  in  each  year,  shall  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  a 
detailed  statement  of  the  estimated  expenses  of  the  district  for  the  next 
ensuing  fiscal  3rear. 

§  3  For  the  first  year  of  the  operation  of  this  amendment,  said 
board  of  finance  shall  recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  the 
levy  of  a  tax  of  five  mills  upon  the  city's  grand  list,  and  the  appro- 
priation of  the  proceeds  thereof  for  the  purposes  of  school  maintenance 
in  the  various  districts,  and  said  board  of  finance  shall  apportion  to 
each  district  such  proportion  of  the  proceeds  of  said  tax  as  the  total 


136 

number  of  pupils  registered  in  each  district  during  the  fall  term  imme- 
diately preceding  February  first  bears  to  the  total  number  of  pupils 
registered  in  all  the  school  districts  during  said  fall  term. 

§  4  For  the  second  year  of  the  operation  of  this  amendment  and 
for  the  year  succeeding,  said  board  of  finance,  after  consultation  with 
the  several  school  district  committees  of  said  city,  shall  annually 
recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  of  said  city  the  levy  and 
appropriation  for  the  purposes  of  the  several  school  districts  of  such 
tax  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  in 
said  districts,  said  tax  to  be  levied  upon  the  city's  grand  list  and  appor- 
tioned to  the  several  districts  in  accordance  with  the  method  prescribed 
in  section  three  of  this  resolution. 

§  5  For  the  purposes  of  the  distribution  to  the  school  districts  of 
the  tax  on  the  shares  of  stock  of  certain  corporations,  as  provided  by 
section  2333  of  the  general  statutes,  the  district  rate  in  all  the  school 
districts  shall  be  the  rate  determined  under  the  provisions  of  this 
resolution,  and  the  amount  of  such  tax  shall  be  distributed  to  said 
school  districts  in  accordance  with  the  number  of  registered  pupils  as 
hereinbefore  provided. 

§  6  This  resolution,  unless  amended  or  repealed  by  the  general 
assembly,  shall  remain  in  force  for  not  less  than  five  years  from  July 
fifteenth  of  the  year  in  which  it  is  put  in  operation,  and  no  vote  for 
the  consolidation  of  school  districts  in  said  city  shall  be  taken  during 
said  period  of  five  years. 

§  7  An  act  concerning  school  taxes  in  the  city  of  Hartford,  ap- 
proved May  19,  1905,  being  sections  eighty-seven,  eighty-eight,  eighty- 
nine,  and  ninety  of  the  compiled  charter  of  said  city,  is  hereby 
repealed. 

High  School  bond  issue 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  395 

§  1  That  the  court  of  common  council  of  the  city  of  Hartford  is 
hereby  authorized  to  issue  bonds,  under  the  corporate  name  and  seal 
of  said  city,  bearing  interest  at  no  greater  rate  than  four  and  one-half 
per  centum  per  annum,  to  an  amount  not  exceeding  two  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  the  principal  of  which  bonds  shall  be  payable  at 
some  certain  time  or  times  within  fifty  years  from  the  issuing  of  the 
same,  as  said  court  of  common  council  may  direct;  and  said  court  of 
common  council  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  of  this  reso- 
lution, the  amount  for  which  said  bonds  shall  be  issued,  provided  that 
they  shall  not  be  issued  at  less  than  par,  the  form  thereof,  the  rate 
of  interest,  and  the  time  of  payment  of  the  interest  thereon,  and 
whether  said  bonds  shall  be  payable  in  gold  coin  or  legal  tender  of  the 
United  States.  Said  bonds  shall  be  denominated  "Additional  High 
School  Bonds  of  the  City  of  Hartford",  and  the  avails  thereof  shall 
be  applied  to  and  expended  for  the  payment  of  the  cost  of  the  purchase 
of  a  site  for  a  new  high  school  building  in  the  city  of  Hartford,  the 
cost  of  completing  the  plans  of  such  building  and   securing  bids   for 


137 

the  erection  of  the  same,  the  expense  of  carrying  out  any  of  the  other 
duties  laid  upon  the  high  school  building  commission  of  said  city  of 
Hartford,  and  funding  the  principal  sum  of  the  temporary  loans  to  said 
city  for  said  purposes,  or  any  of  them,  and  for  no  other  purpose; 
and  said  bonds,  when  issued  and  delivered,  shall  be  obligatory  upon 
said  city  and  the  inhabitants  thereof  according  to  the  tenor  and  purport 
of  the  same. 

§  2  The  treasurer  of  said  city  of  Hartford  shall  be  trustee  of  the 
bonds  hereby  authorized,  to  hold,  dispose  of,  and  account  for  the 
same,  subject  to  the  orders  and  directions  of  the  court  of  common 
council  and  to  the  provisions  of  the  charter  of  said  city  and  of  this 
resolution. 

Authorizing  the  West  middle  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  107 


Authorizing   the   West   middle   school    district   of   Hartford    to    issue 
refunding  bonds 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  107 

Huntington 

Creating  a  department  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Huntington 

Special  acts  191 1,  pages  265-268 

Manchester 
Special  acts  of  1895,  page  408 
Special  acts  of  1897,  page  807 
Special  acts  of  1907,  page  291 

§  1  That  the  territory  and  inhabitants  within  the  limits  of  the 
Ninth  school  district  of  Manchester  are  hereby  made  a  body  politic  and 
corporate  by  the  name  of  the  Ninth  School  District  of  Manchester,  and 
shall  have  all  the  powers  and  privileges  of  school  districts  under  the 
laws  of  this  state. 

§  2  The  first  meeting  of  said  district  shall  be  held  in  June,  1895, 
and  shall  be  called  by  the  present  district  committee.  At  said  meeting 
shall  be  elected,  by  ballot,  a  committee  consisting  of  five  persons,  whose 
terms  of  office  shall  begin  July  15,  1895.  One  of  this  number  shall  be 
elected  to  hold  office  until  the  next  annual  meeting,  two  until  the 
second  annual  meeting,  and  the  remaining  two  until  the  third  annual 
meeting  thereafter.  At  each  annual  meeting  of  the  said  district,  which 
shall  be  held  in  June,  so  many  members  of  said  committee  shall  be 
elected  by  ballot  to  hold  office  for  three  years  as,  together  with  those 
previously  elected  to  hold  office  beyond  said  annual  meeting,  will  make 


138 

the  whole  number  five;  and  all  members  of  said  committee  shall  be 
residents  of  said  district.  In  case  of  vacancy  caused  by  resignation, 
death,  or  removal  from  the  district,  the  remaining  members  of  the 
committee  shall  fill  the  vacancy  until  the  next  annual  meeting  of  said 
district,  when  a  member  shall  be  elected  for  the  unexpired  term.  The 
chairman  of  the  district  committee  shall  give  due  notice  of  all  meetings 
of  said  district,  and  may  call  a  special  meeting  thereof  at  any  time, 
and  shall  call  one  on  the  written  request  of  twenty  legal  voters  of  the 
district. 

§  3  Said  committee  shall  examine,  employ,  and  dismiss  teachers, 
shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the  scholars  to  be 
admitted  into  each  school,  provided  that  all  children  of  school  age 
within  said  district  shall  be  admitted  to  some  one  of  the  schools  main- 
tained by  said  district,  may  prescribe  the  course  of  study  to  be  followed 
in  the  schools,  and  shall  exercise  all  the  powers  and  perform  all  the 
duties  of  district  committees  and  school  visitors.  The  authority  of 
the  school  visitors  of  the  town  in  which  said  district  is  situated  shall 
extend  only  to  the  remaining  portion  of  said  town. 

§  4  In  the  town  of  Manchester,  in  each  year,  before  the  third 
Tuesday  of  June,  the  school  visitors  shall  elect  three  of  their  number, 
and  the  committee  chosen  under  the  provisions  of  this  resolution  shall 
also  elect  three  of  its  number,  and  the  board  of  selectmen  shall  elect 
three  of  its  members,  and  the  nine  persons  shall  be  the  joint  board 
of  the  town  of  Manchester  in  lieu  of  that  provided  for  in  section  2234 
of  the  general  statutes,  and  shall  have  the  rights  and  perform  the  duties 
of  said  joint  board  prescribed  in  sections  2234,  2236,  and  2237  of  the 
general  statutes. 

Naugatuck 
Special  acts  of  1895,  page  221 

§  6  All  burdens  and  all  expenses  imposed  by  law  upon  the  town  of 
Naugatuck,  for  the  support  of  schools,  shall  hereafter  be  borne  by 
said  borough;  and  said  borough  shall  hereafter  perform  all  the  duties, 
and  have  and  exercise  all  the  rights,  powers,  and  privileges  of  and 
relative  to  said  purposes  and  matters  by  law  conferred  upon  said  town; 
and  all  laws  of  the  state  imposing  such  duties,  burdens,  and  expenses, 
and  conferring  such  rights,  powers,  and  privileges  upon  said  town,  are 
hereby  amended,  so  as  to  be  hereafter  applicable  to,  and  operative  upon, 
said  borough,  except  as  is  herein  otherwise  provided. 

§  23  There  shall  be  in  said  borough  a  board  of  education,  consist- 
ing of  six  electors  of  said  borough.  Of  the  members  elected  at  the 
annual  electors'  meeting  of  said  borough  in  May,  1895,  two  shall  be 
elected  for  the  term  of  three  years,  two  for  the  term  of  two  years,  and 
two  for  the  term  of  one  year,  respectively,  and  at  said  election  in  May, 
1895,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  one  person  for  each  of  the 
respective  terms  last  above  named.  At  the  borough  election  held  on 
the  first  Monday  of  May,  1896,  and  annually  thereafter,  two  members 
of  said  board  of  education  shall  be  elected  for  the  term  of  three  years, 


139 

but  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  one  member  of  said  board  at 
any  election  after  May,  1895,  except  for  persons  to  fill  vacancies. 
Vacancies  in  said  board  may  be  filled  by  the  remaining  members  of 
said  board  until  the  same  shall  be  filled  by  the  voters  thereof,  but  only 
for  the  unexpired  term.  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  all  the 
powers  now  or  hereafter  vested  in,  and  shall  perform  all  the  duties 
now  or  hereafter  imposed  by  law  on  the  school  visitors  of  the  several 
towns  in  this  state.  The  board  of  education  and  the  warden  and 
burgesses  of  said  borough  shall  meet  as  a  joint  board  on  the  second 
Tuesday  in  June  in  each  year,  and  prepare  a  statement  showing  the 
estimated  cost  of  each  and  all  the  public  schools  in  the  borough  for 
the  succeeding  school  year,  and  shall  immediately  thereafter  notify  the 
committees  of  the  respective  school  districts  of  the  several  amounts 
so  estimated;  and  said  board  of  education  shall  present,  at  the  annual 
borough  meeting,  a  written  or  printed  statement  of  the  total  cost  of  each 
and  all  of  the  public  schools  in  said  borough  for  the  school  year  next 
preceding,  and  shall  present  an  estimate  of  the  cost  of  such  schools 
for  the  current  school  year,  at  a  meeting  of  the  freemen  of  the  borough 
held  in  July  in  each  year;  and  said  joint  board  shall  hereafter  do 
and  perform  all  other  acts  and  things  that  the  school  visitors  and  the 
selectmen  of  said  town  of  Naugatuck  have  heretofore  done  and  per- 
formed, and  as  may  be  hereafter  required  by  law  to  be  done  and 
performed,  in  the  several  towns  by  the  board  of  school  visitors  and 
selectmen. 

New  Britain 

Special  acts  of  1905,  page  932 

Schools 

§  36  Said  city  shall  be  a  consolidated  school  district  and  it  shall 
be  in  place  of  the  town  of  New  Britain  in  all  the  duties,  obligations, 
and  other  matters  required  by  law  of  or  by  the  town  concerning  edu- 
cation, and  it  shall  act  in  such  matters  instead  of  the  town.  All  the 
powers,  obligations,  rights,  and  property  of  the  town,  whether  as  a 
town  or  as  a  consolidated  school  district,  shall  be  vested  in  and  belong 
to  said  city. 

§  37  There  shall  be  a  school  committee  of  said  city,  with  all  the 
rights,  duties,  or  powers  concerning  schools  and  educational  matters 
now  or  hereafter  vested  in  committees  of  consolidated  school  districts 
and  selectmen  of  towns  by  the  laws  of  this  state.  Said  committee  shall 
serve  without  compensation,  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  and  the 
present  school  committee  of  the  consolidated  school  district  of  the 
town  of  New  Britain  shall  continue  to  be  the  committee  of  the  con- 
solidated school  district  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  until  the  successors 
of  the  present  members  of  said  committee  shall  be  elected  and  qualified 
as  herein  provided. 

§  38  Said  committee  may  fix  and  determine  the  compensation  to 
be  paid  to  its  officers. 

§  39     Said  committee  shall  audit  and  approve  monthly  all  bills  for 


140 

all  current  expenses  of  their  department  and  report  the  same  to  the  city 
auditor,  and  he  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or  not  the  appropriation 
available  for  said  expenses  is  sufficient  for  the  payment  of  the  bills 
so  approved,  and,  if  sufficient,  he  shall  so  certify  to  the  city  treasurer, 
and  thereupon  said  committee,  by  such  official  as  they  shall  by  their 
by-laws  authorize,  shall  draw  upon  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  the  person 
entitled  to  the  payment  of  any  such  bills  so  approved,  and  the  auditor 
shall  keep  a  list  of  all  bills  so  approved  and  filed  with  him. 

§  40  All  business  relative  to  the  schools  of  said  consolidated  school 
district  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  heretofore  transacted  in  town 
meetings  shall  hereafter  be  transacted  in  city  meetings. 

§  41  Said  committee  may  make,  change,  amend,  or  alter  any  rules, 
regulations,  or  by-laws  which  they  may  deem  necessary  relative  to  the 
manner  of  conducting  the  meetings  and  business  of  the  committee,  to 
the  conduct  and  government  of  schools,  and  to  the  duties,  terms  of 
office,  mode  of  election,  and  compensation  of  all  persons  employed 
by  said  committee  and  its  officers;  and  said  committee  may  at  any 
time  remove  any  officer  thereof  or  any  person  employed  by  them. 

§  42  Said  committee  shall  make  such  estimates  of  its  expenses  for 
each  year  and  keep  such  accounts  of  its  expenditures  as  shall  be 
prescribed  by  the  ordinances  of  said  city,  and  shall  make  a  report  of 
its  doings  annually  in  each  year  to  the  common  council  at  the  close 
of  each  school  year. 

§  43  When  at  any  city  meeting  it  shall  be  voted  to  erect  any 
school  building  or  enlarge  any  existing  building,  and  the  estimated 
expense  thereof  shall  exceed  five  thousand  dollars,  an  appropriation 
is  made  to  meet  the  expense  of  erecting  or  enlarging  such  building, 
said  meeting  may,  if  warned  for  that  purpose,  vote  to  issue  the  bonds 
of  said  city  for  the  purpose  of  raising  money  to  defray  the  expenses 
of  the  erection  or  enlargement  of  such  building,  instead  of  levying  a 
tax  to  meet  the  same.  Said  meeting  shall  fix  a  rate  of  interest  on 
said  bonds,  the  time  and  place  of  payment  of  principal  and  interest 
thereon,  the  amount  and  kind  of  bonds,  the  manner  in  which  they 
shall  be  issued  and  sold,  and  the  person  or  persons  empowered  to 
sign  the  same  on  behalf  of  said  city;  and  may  provide  that  a  certain 
part  of  said  bonds  may  become  due  and  payable  in  each  year,  and  may 
provide  a  sinking  fund  for  the  purpose  of  the  payment  of  such  bonds. 
The  avails  of  the  sale  of  such  bonds  shall  be  paid  into  the  city  treasury 
and  credited  to  said  school  committee  on  the  books  of  the  treasurer 
for  account  of  new  school  buildings,  and  no  portion  of  the  money  raised 
by  the  sale  of  bonds  shall  be  used  for  any  purpose  or  paid  out  of  the 
treasury  except  for  defraying  the  expense  of  the  construction  or  en- 
largement of  such  school  buildings  and  for  furnishing  and  equipping 
such  new  buildings  or  extensions,  and  any  balance  remaining  after 
payment  of  such  bills  shall  be  available  only  for  the  purpose  of  the 
construction  of  new  or  the  extension  or  enlargement  of  existing  school 
buildings. 

Creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  New  Canaan 

Special  acts  191 1,  pages  160-163 


141 

New  Haven 

Special  acts  of  1899,  page  419 

Department  of  education 

§  104  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  education,  which 
shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  all  the  affairs  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district.  After  this  act  takes  effect  no  meeting  of 
the  New  Haven  city  school  district  shall  be  held  for  any  purpose 
whatever. 

§  105  Said  department  shall  be  under  the  control  of  a  board  of 
education  of  seven  members  who  shall  serve  without  compensation. 
The  members  of  the  board  of  education  in  office  at  the  time  this  act 
takes  effect  shall  hold  their  respective  offices  during  the  terms  for  which 
they  were  appointed  unless  sooner  removed  for  cause  according  to  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  On  or  before  the  first  day  of  September,  1899, 
the  mayor  shall  appoint  two  members  of  said  board  to  serve  four  years 
from  the  third  Monday  in  September  next  following;  on  or  before  the 
first  day  of  September,  1900,  the  mayor  shall  appoint  two  members  of 
said  board  to  serve  four  years  from  the  third  Monday  of  September 
next  following;  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September,  1901,  he  shall 
appoint  two  members  of  said  board  to  serve  for  four  years  from  the 
third  Monday  of  September  next  following;  and  on  or  before  the  first 
day  of  September,  1902,  said  mayor  shall  appoint  one  member  of  said 
board  to  serve  for  a  period  of  four  years  from  the  third  Monday  of 
September  next  following.  And  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September 
in  every  year  thereafter  the  mayor  shall  fill  the  vacancies  about  to  occur 
in  said  board  by  appointing  one  or  two  members,  as  the  case  may  be, 
to  serve  for  four  years  from  the  third  Monday  in  September  following 
their  appointment.  Not  more  than  four  members  of  the  same  political 
party  shall  at  any  one  time  be  members  of  said  board.  The  mayor  shall 
fill  all  vacancies  caused  by  death,  resignation,  or  otherwise,  by  appoint- 
ment, for  the  unexpired  term.  If  the  mayor  shall  refuse,  fail,  or  neglect 
for  thirty  days  to  make  an  appointment  to  fill  any  vacancy  that  may 
occur  in  said  board,  either  by  death,  resignation,  removal,  or  otherwise, 
then  the  remaining  members  of  said  board  may  elect  a  suitable  person 
to  fill  such  vacancy. 

§  106  The  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools,  and  shall  decide  the  number  of  principals,  assistants,  and 
teachers  to  be  employed.  It  may  appoint  or  employ  a  secretary,  an 
inspector  of  buildings,  and  such  other  officers  and  employes  asmay  be 
necessary  for  the  proper  conduct  of  its  business.  It  shall  fix  their  terms 
of  office  and  their  salaries  and  prescribe  their  duties  in  each  case,  except 
as  hereinafter  provided.  The  officers  and  employees  of  the  New  Haven 
city  school  district,  at  the  time  of  the  taking  effect  of  this  act,  shall 
retain  their  respective  offices  until  their  successors  shall  be  chosen,  and 
the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  board  of  education  then  in  existence, 
not  inconsistent  with  this  act,  shall  remain  in  full  force  until  repealed. 
Said  board  shall  have  the  entire  charge  and  direction  of  all  the  public 


142 

schools  of  said  district,  and  of  the  expenditure  of  all  moneys  appro- 
priated for  the  support  of  the  same,  and  shall  have  charge  of  the 
construction,  management,  and  repair  of  all  school  buildings,  and  shall 
possess  all  other  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  of  the  general  duties  of 
boards  of  education,  school  committees,  and  school  visitors  in  this 
state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the  terms  of  this  act.  It 
shall  annually  choose  a  president  from  among  its  own  members,  make 
its  own  by-laws,  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  define  the  duties  of 
its  officers  and  committees,  and  prescribe  such  rules  and  regulations  for 
discipline  in  said  public  schools  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of 
the  state. 

§  107  The  superintendent  of  schools,  if  he  has  not  held  the  office 
before,  shall  be  appointed  for  one  year,  and  if  continued  in  office  there- 
after may  be  appointed  for  a  term  of  five  years,  and  his  salary  shall  not 
be  reduced  before  the  expiration  of  said  term  of  five  years.  He  shall 
not  be  removed  during  said  term  except  by  the  vote  of  five  members  of 
the  board  of  education.  He  shall  appoint  from  those  eligible  under  the 
rules  of  the  board  all  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers  necessary  to 
fill  positions  authorized  by  the  board.  He  shall  assign  all  principals, 
assistants,  and  teachers  to  their  respective  positions  and  reassign  them 
or  dismiss  them  from  office  at  his  discretion.  He  shall  report  at  each 
meeting  of  the  board  all  appointments,  reassignments,  and  dismissals 
made  by  him  since  the  previous  meeting.  Any  appointment  by  the 
superintendent  may  be  rejected  by  a  vote  of  five  members  of  the  board. 
Any  dismissal  by  the  superintendent  shall  be  final  unless  reversed  by  a 
vote  of  five  members  of  the  board  at  the  meeting  when  such  dismissal 
is  reported.  Notice  of  dismissal  on  the  part  of  the  superintendent  shall 
be  given  to  the  principal,  assistant,  or  teacher,  by  the  superintendent  in 
writing  at  least  one  week  before  the  meeting  of  the  board  when  the 
superintendent  reports  such  dismissal.  He  shall,  with  the  approval  of 
the  board  of  education,  prescribe  the  courses  of  study  in  all  the  schools, 
but  the  text-books  to  be  used  in  said  courses  shall  be  designated  by  the 
board.  The  superintendent  shall  annually,  at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the 
board,  submit  to  the  board  a  full  report  of  the  work  and  condition  of 
the  schools  during  the  previous  year,  with  recommendations  for  the 
ensuing  year,  which  report,  when  accepted  by  the  board,  shall  form 
part  of  its  report  to  the  mayor.  He  shall  also  report,  each  month  during 
the  school  year,  to  the  board  in  writing,  any  changes  made  in  the  several 
courses  of  study,  and  what  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers  he  has 
assigned,  reassigned,  or  dismissed,  and  shall  furnish  such  additional 
information  regarding  the  condition  of  the  schools  and  the  efficiency 
of  the  teaching  force  as  may  be  required  by  the  board.  Said  monthly 
reports  shall  be  entered  in  a  suitable  book  provided  for  the  purpose,  and 
shall  be  kept  as  a  part  of  the  records  of  the  department. 

§  108  The  treasurer  of  the  city  shall  receive  the  amount  of  school 
money  to  which  the  district  is  entitled  from  the  school  moneys  of  the 
state,  from  the  town  of  New  Haven,  from  state  appropriations  for 
school  purposes,  from  gifts,  and  from  the  tax  laid  within  the  district  for 
school  purposes,  which  moneys   shall  be   subject  to  the  order  of   the 


143 

board  of  education  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  board  of 
finance  may  from  time  to  time  establish. 

§  109  The  board  of  education  shall  submit  to  the  board  of  finance 
of  the  city,  at  the  time  fixed  by  law  for  the  submission  of  the  estimates 
of  the  other  departments  of  said  city,  a  detailed  estimate  of  its  expenses 
for  the  next  year  for  which  the  appropriations  for  city  purposes  are 
by  law  required  to  be  made,  specifying  separately  the  sums  needed  for 
current  and  special  expenses. 

§110  Said  board  of  finance  shall  annually  appropriate  for  the  pur- 
poses of  said  district  such  amount  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  such 
purposes.  Appropriations  made  for  school  sites  and  the  building  and 
furnishing  of  new  schoolhouses  or  additions  to  old  ones  shall  be  known 
as  the  special  school  fund,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  board  of 
education  to  cause  accurate  accounts  to  be  kept  of  its  receipts  and 
expenditures,  distinguishing  between  those  of  a  general  and  those  of  a 
special  character.  The  board  of  finance  shall  levy,  for  school  purposes, 
a  tax  upon  all  property  within  said  district  as  now  or  hereafter 
constituted. 

§  in  The  board  of  education  shall  have  power  to  maintain  one  or 
two  high  schools,  as  it  may  deem  advisable,  and  a  manual  training 
school,  and  it  shall  determine  the  number  and  location  of  primary  and 
grammar  schools,  but  no  expenditure  involving  any  expense  to  the  city 
of  New  Haven  or  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  the  purchase 
of  ground  or  the  erection  of  schoolhouses  shall  be  made  until  a  special 
appropriation  for  that  purpose  shall  have  been  made. 

§  112  Said  board  shall  annually,  at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the  mayor, 
transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during  the 
previous  year,  together  with  a  statement  of  its  receipts  and  expenditures, 
specifying  those  on  account  of  current  expenses,  and  special  expenses 
for  land  and  buildings  respectively,  with  such  other  details  as  the  mayor 
may  from  time  to  time  require. 

§  113  Said  board  shall  have  power  to  divide  the  school  district  into 
as  many  sub-district*  as  it  may  deem  advisable  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  limits  within  which  children  may  attend  each  school. 

§  114  The  city  of  New  Haven,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
board  of  education,  shall  have  power  to  take  sites  for  schoolhouses,  or 
for  the  enlargement  of  sites  already  acquired,  in  the  manner  provided  by 
law  for  the  taking  of  land  for  public  parks. 

§  115  The  title  to  all  property,,  legal  or  equitable,  owned  by  such 
district,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  acquired  for  school  purposes  in  said 
district,  is  hereby  vested  in  the  board  of  education,  as  trustee  for  said 
New  Haven  city  school  district. 

§  116  The  Westville  school  district  and  the  South  school  district 
are  excepted  from  the  provisions  hereof.  Whenever  the  electors  of 
either  the  Westville  school  district  or  the  South  school  district  in  the 
town  and  city  of  New  Haven  shall,  by  a  majority  vote  in  district  meet- 
ing, in  the  manner  provided  for  the  admission  of  the  different  wards 
in  section  218  of  this  act,  express  their  desire  to  have  their  district 
annexed  to  the   New   Haven  city   school  district,   said  vote   shall  be 


144 

certified  to  the  board  of  education  of  the  New  Haven  city  school 
district,  and  said  board  shall  then,  by  a  proper  vote,  declare  the  district 
in  question  to  be  a  part  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district,  and  it 
shall  thereafter  be  included  in  said  New  Haven  city  school  district,  and 
be  governed  by  all  the  provisions  of  this  act  relating  to  said  district. 

Teachers  retirement  fund 
Special  acts  191 1,  pages  323-328 

§  1  There  shall  be  a  fund  to  be  known  as  the  "Teachers'  Retire- 
ment Fund"  for  the  benefit  of  teachers  of  the  public  day  schools  of 
the  New  Haven  city  school  district,  which  shall  consist  of  moneys  re- 
ceived from  the  following  sources:  (1)  All  appropriations,  gifts,  or 
bequests  made  to  the  fund  from  public  or  private  sources,  for  the 
purposes  for  which  said  retirement  fund  is  established:  (2)  An 
assessment  of  one  per  centum  of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  who 
have  taught  for  a  period  of  ten  years  or  less,  and  of  two  per  centum 
of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  who  have  taught  for  more  than 
ten  years,  which  assessment  shall,  during  the  school  year,  be  retained 
from  the  salaries  of  such  teachers  in  equal  monthly  amounts;  pro- 
vided, that  the  amount  deducted  from  any  salary  shall  not  exceed 
thirty-two  dollars  in  any  year:  (3)  Such  part  of  the  salary  of!  any 
teacher  as  shall  not  have  been  paid  to  such  teacher  by  reason  of  the 
resignation,  illness,  or  absence  of  such  teacher,  or  from  any  other 
cause,  which  shall  be  transferred  by  the  board  of  education,  at  the 
end  of  each  fiscal  year,  to  said  retirement  fund ;  provided,  that  if  the 
amount  so  transferred,  during  any  fiscal  year,  shall  not  equal  the 
amount  raised  under  the  provisions  of  subdivision  (2)  of  this  section, 
the  difference  between  said  amounts  shall  be  made  up  the  following 
year  by  the  board  of  finance  by  making  an  appropriation  therefor. 

§  2  The  board  of  finance  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  in  making 
the  appropriations  for  said  district,  shall  appropriate  for  the  salaries  of 
the  day  school  teachers  of  said  city,  an  amount  sufficient  to  pay  the 
full  yearly  salary  to  each  day  school  teacher  employed  by  said  board 
of  education  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

§  3  (1)  The  city  treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  The 
board  of  education  of  the  city  of  New  Haven  shall  be  trustee  of  said 
retirement  fund  and  may  invest  and  reinvest  the  same  in  accordance 
with  the  laws  relating  to  the  investment  of  trust  funds.  (2)  All  orders 
on  said  fund  shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by 
the  president  of  the  board  of  education.  The  unexpended  yearly  bal- 
ance of  said  fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and  con- 
stitute a  permanent  fund  to  be  invested,  as  aforesaid,  by  the  trustee, 
and  only  the  income  from  said  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carry- 
ing out  the  provisions  of  this  act.  (3)  Whenever  the  permanent  fund 
amounts  to  a  sum  the  income  from  which,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
board  of  trustees  and  board  of  finance  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  will 
be    sufficient  to   pay  the   annuities   provided   for   in   this   act,   then   no 


145 

transfer  of  the  sums  under  subdivision  (3)  of  section  one  shall  be 
made  by  the  board  of  education,  but  said  sums  shall  revert  to  the  city 
treasury.  (4)  The  trustee  of  the  retirement  fund  shall  have  power, 
in  its  discretion,  to  authorize  the  expenditure  from  the  general  fund 
of  such  a  sum  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  clerical  and  other  expenses 
incident  to  the  administration  of  said  fund,  payment  therefrom  to  be 
"made  on  vouchers  prepared  and  audited  in  the  same  manner  as  pay- 
ments from  other  funds  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  board  of  education. 

§  4  Two  members  of  the  board  of  education,  to  be  chosen  annually 
by  said  board,  one  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  to  be  elected  by 
the  board  of  aldermen,  the  treasurer  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  and  a 
teacher  chosen  by  the  teachers  of  the  public  schools  of  New  Haven  shall 
constitute  a  board  of  retirement.  The  member  of  said  board  repre- 
senting the  teachers  shall  first  be  chosen  by  said  teachers  for  one 
year  and  thereafter  for  two  years ;  the  first  election  for  the  selection  of 
said  members  shall  be  conducted  by  said  board  of  education,  and 
each  subsequent  election  shall  be  conducted  by  a  committee  appointed 
by  the  board  of  retirement,  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  said 
committee  shall  determine.  Said  committee  shall  have  power  to  con- 
duct special  elections  to  fill  any  vacancy  occurring  in  the  teachers' 
representation  on  said  board. 

§  5  (1)  Upon  a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement  and  a 
majority  vote  of  the  board  of  education,  any  teacher  who  has  taught  in 
public  day  schools  for  a  period  of  thirty  years,  of  which  period  the  last 
twenty  years  shall  have  been  in  said  public  day  schools  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district,  shall  be  placed  on  the  retired  list.  (2)  Any 
teacher  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  dis- 
trict who  has  reached  the  age  of  sixty-five  years  or  over,  and  who  has 
taught  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  period  the 
last  twenty  shall  have  been  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven 
city  school  district,  shall  have  the  right  to  apply  to  the  board  of 
retirement  to  be  placed  on  the  retired  list.  If  said  application  shall  be 
approved  by  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement  and  a  like 
vote  of  said  board  of  education,  the  applicant  shall  be  placed  on  the 
retired  list.  (3)  Any  teacher  who  has  taught  in  the  public  day 
schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  a  period  of  forty 
years  previous  to  the  date  when  this  act  becomes  operative  shall,  upon 
recommendation  by  a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement  and 
a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  education,  be  placed  upon  the  retired 
list. 

§  6  (1)  The  board  of  retirement  shall  annually  appoint  three 
physicians  or  surgeons  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  of  at  least  ten  years 
active  practice,  who  shall  be  known  as  the  board  of  examiners,  who 
shall  serve  without  pay,  and  who  shall,  upon  request  of  the  board  of 
education  or  the  board  of  retirement,  make  such  examinations  as  may 
be  called  for  under  the  terms  of  this  section  and  report  their  findings, 
in  writing,  to  the  board  making  such  request.  (2)  On  the  recom- 
mendation of  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement,  said  board 
of  education  shall  have  power,  by  a  majority  vote  of  all  of  its  mem- 


146 

bers,  to  place  on  the  disability  list  for  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life, 
or  any  part  thereof,  any  teacher  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district  who  is  found  by  said  board  of  examiners 
to  be  mentally  or  physically  incapacitated  for  the  performance  of  duty, 
and  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  work  of  teaching  for  a  period  of  at 
least  fifteen  years,  the  last  ten  of  which  shall  have  been  in  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district.  In  no  case  shall 
a  teacher  be  placed  on  the  disability  list  until  said  board  of  examiners 
shall  have  filed  a  report,  in  writing,  within  thirty  days  from  the  date 
of  examination,  to  the  effect  that  said  teacher  has  refused  to  submit  to 
an  examination  or,  after  examination,  is  found  by  the  board  of  exam- 
iners to  be  physically  or  mentally  unfitted  for  further  service  in  the 
day  schools  of  New  Haven.  (3)  Any  teacher  of  the  public  day 
schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  who  has  been  engaged 
in  teaching  for  a  period  of  at  least  fifteen  years,  the  last  ten  of  which 
shall  have  been  in  said  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city 
school  district,  shall  have  the  right  to  apply  to  the  board  of  retire- 
ment to  be  placed  on  the  disability  list  on  the  ground  that  he  or  she  is 
mentally  or  physically  incapacitated  for  the  further  performance  of 
duty  as  a  teacher.  Any  applicant  for  retirement  on  said  ground  of 
disability  shall  submit  to  a  proper  medical  examination  by  said  board 
of  examiners  before  his  or  her  application  shall  be  considered.  The 
board  of  education  may,  by  a  majority  vote,  upon  recommendation 
by  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement,  place  said  teacher  on 
the  disability  list.  (4)  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  pro- 
hibiting the  board  of  retirement  from  recommending,  by  a  majority 
vote,  to  the  board  of  education  that  the  disability  of  a  teacher  retired 
under  this  section  shall  be  declared  ended.  Said  board  of  education 
may,  by  a  majority  vote,  on  such  recommendation  of  said  board  of 
retirement,  declare  ended  the  disability  of  a  teacher  retired  under  the 
terms  of  this  section,  and  upon  delivery  to  said  teacher  of  a  written 
offer  of  reappointment  to  a  position  as  a  teacher  equal  in  remuneration 
to  the  one  previously  held  by  said  teacher,  the  payment  of  the  annuity 
of  such  teacher  under  this  disability  clause  shall  be  discontinued.  (5) 
Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  prohibiting  a  teacher  who  has 
been  placed  on  the  disability  list  from  applying,  once  each  year,  to  be 
reinstated  to  active  duty  as  a  teacher.  On  recommendation  by  a 
majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement,  after  an  examination  of  said 
applicant  by  the  board  of  examiners,  the  board  of  education  may,  by 
a  majority  vote,  restore  said  teacher  to  active  duty,  and  the  disability 
annuity  shall  cease  on  the  day  that  said  teacher  resumes  his  or  her 
work  as  a  teacher.  (6)  In  no  case,  however,  shall  the  disability 
provided  for  in  subdivisions  (2)  and  (3)  of  this  section  be  declared 
ended  or  finished  until  an  examination  has  been  made  by  said  board  of 
examiners  or  the  teacher  in  question  has  refused  to  be  so  examined, 
and  said  board  of  examiners  shall  have  certified,  by  a  majority  vote, 
either  to  said  teacher's  refusal  to  be  examined,  or  that,  after  such 
examination,  said  teacher  is  found  to  be  physically  and  mentally  fitted 
for  further  service  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  City 


H7 

school  district.    The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not,  however,  apply 
to  ordinary  cases  of  temporary  disability. 

§  7  (i)  The  annuity  paid  to  any  teacher  regularly  placed  on  the 
retired  list  for  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life  shall  be  one-half  of  his 
or  her  average  annual  salary  for  the  five  years  last  previous  to  the  date 
of  his  or  her  retirement;  provided,  that  such  annuity  shall  be  not  less 
than  four  hundred  dollars  nor  more  than  eight  hundred  dollars  per 
annum.  Said  annuity  shall  be  payable  to  said  teacher  in  monthly 
installments  during  the  school  year.  (2)  Any  teacher  regularly 
placed  on  the  disability  list  shall  receive  an  annuity  the"  amount  of 
which  shall  be  one-thirtieth  part  of  the  total  annuity  provided  for  in 
subdivision  (1)  of  this  section,  for  each  year  of  service  of  said 
teacher,  not  exceeding  thirty  years.  (3)  No  annuities  shall  be  paid 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  except  as  provided  in  subdivision  (3) 
of  section  live,  unless  the  retiring  teacher  shall  have  first  paid  into 
the  retirement  fund  such  sum  or  sums  as  shall  make  his  or  her  total 
payments  equal  to  the  amount  of  the  annuity  paid  for  the  first  year; 
but  should  any  retiring  teacher  be  unable  to  pay  the  full  amount  of 
said  sum  before  receiving  an  annuity,  the  board  of  trustees  shall,  in 
paying  the  annuity  of  such  teacher,  withhold,  from  each  monthly 
payment,  twenty  per  centum  thereof  until  the  full  amount  hereinbefore 
provided  for  shall  have  been  so  contributed  to  the  fund.  If  said  retire- 
ment fund  shall  at  any  time  be  found  insufficient  to  carry  out  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  the  amount  in  said  fund  shall,  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  such  insufficiency,  be  distributed  pro  rata  among  the  per- 
sons entitled  thereto  and  such  distribution  shall  be  in  full  of  all 
annuities  then  due. 

§  8  Teachers  who  are  dismissed  from  school  employment  shall 
have  refunded  to  them,  without  interest,  the  amounts  which  they  have 
contributed  to  said  retirement  fund. 

§  9  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  preventing  said  board 
of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  teacher  at  the 
end  of  his  or  her  contract  of  employment;  nor  shall  anything  herein 
contained  be  construed  as  creating  any  contract  right  in  any  teacher  to 
receive  the  annuity  provided  for  by  section  six  of  this  act  until  placed 
on  the  retired  or  disability  list  in  accordance  with  sections  five  and  six 
of  this  act.  The  acceptance  of  employment  as  a  teacher  in  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  after  the  date  of 
this  act  shall  be  considered  as  being  made  subject  to  the  terms  and 
provisions  of  this  act  and  as  authorizing  the  deduction  from  the  salary 
of  such  teacher  provided  for  by  section  one  of  this  act. 

§  10  The  term  "teacher"  as  used  in  this  act  shall  include  all 
teachers  regularly  appointed  and  employed  in  the  public  day  schools, 
by  the  board  of  education,  including  the  superintendent  of  schools  and 
the  members  of  the  supervising  staff.  The  public  day  schools  of  the 
New  Haven  city  school  district  shall  be  deemed  to  be  all  public  day 
schools  maintained  wholly  or  in*  part  by  the  New  Haven  city  schdol 
district.  The  term  "majority"  shall  mean  a  majority  of  the  entire 
membership  of  the  board  referred  to. 


148 

§  ii  Any  pledge,  mortgage,  sale,  assignment,  or  transfer  of,  or  of 
any  right,  claim,  or  interest  in,  said  retirement  fund  or  in  any  annuity 
granted  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  void  and  said  retire- 
ment fund  and  all  said  annuities  shall  be  exempt  .from  attachment, 
levy,  and  sale,  and  from  all  legal  process  at  law  or  in  equity  to 
sequester  the  same  by  or  in  behalf  of  any  creditor  of  any  person  having 
an  interest  in  said  fund  or  entitled  to  any  such  annuity. 

§  12  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage,  but  no  annuity 
payable  hereunder  shall  be  paid  until  the  first  day  of  September,  191 1. 
All  employments  for  the  teaching  and  supervising  staff  of  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  the  school  year 
of  191 1  and  1912  and  thereafter,  shall  be  made  subject  to  the  provisions 
hereof.  No  deduction,  as  provided  herein,  shall  be  made  from  the 
salary  of  any  teacher  for  the  school  year  ending  July  14,  191 1. 

§  13  In  the  month  of  September,  1912,  and  annually  thereafter 
during  the  month  of  September,  the  board  of  retirement  shall  file  an 
annual  report,  showing  the  financial  condition  of  the  teachers'  retire- 
ment fund,  with  the  board  of  aldermen,  which  report  shall  be  printed 
in  the  city  year  book  of  the  city  of  New  Haven. 


Janitors'  and  engineers'  retirement  fund 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  387 

§  1  There  shall  be  a  fund  to  be  known  as  the  "Janitors'  and 
Engineers'  Retirement  Fund",  for  the  benefit  of  janitors  and  the 
engineer  or  engineers  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  city  of  New 
Haven,  which  shall  consist  of  moneys  received  from  the  following 
sources:  (1)  all  appropriations,  gifts,  or  bequests  made  to  the  fund 
from  public  or  private  sources,  for  the  purposes  for  which  said  retire- 
ment fund  is  established;  (2)  an  assessment  of  one  and  one-half  per 
centum  on  the  annual  salaries  of  all  appointed  janitors  and  engineers, 
which  shall  be  retained  from  such  salaries  and  paid  into  said  fund; 
(3)  all  compensation  for  services  that  may  be  unclaimed  by  any 
janitor  or  engineer  for  a  period  of  six  months  after  the  same  shall 
become  due;  (4)  an  appropriation  to  said  fund  by  the  city  of  New 
Haven  of  an  amount  equal  to  the  difference  between  the  one  and  one- 
half  per  centum  per  annum  on  said  salaries  and  the  amount  required 
to  meet  the  expenditures  hereinafter  provided  for. 

§  2  The  board  of  education  of  the  city  of  New  Haven  shall  be 
trustee  of  said  fund,  and  may  invest  and  re-invest  the  same  in  accord- 
ance with  the  laws  relating  to  investment  of  trust  funds.  The  city 
treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  All  orders  on  said  fund 
shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by  the  president 
of  the  board  of  education.  The  unexpended  yearly  balance  of  said* 
fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and  constitute  a  perma- 
nent fund,  to  be  invested  by  the  trustee  as  aforesaid,  and  the  income 
of  such  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of 
this  act. 


149 

§  3  There  shall  be  a  board  of  retirement  in  said  city  which  shall 
consist  of  the  mayor,  the  president  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  the 
secretary  of  the  board  of  education,  and  two  members  who  shall  be 
chosen  by  the  janitors  and  engineer  or  engineers  of  said  public  day 
schools,  from  their  own  number,  at  a  meeting  held  for  that  purpose.  At 
the  first  meeting  held  for  such  purpose  one  such  member  shall  be 
chosen  to  serve  for  one  year,  and  one  for  two  years,  and  annually 
thereafter  one  shall  be  chosen  for  a  term  of  two  years.  Said  board 
shall  investigate  and  recommend  to  said  board  of  education  such 
janitors  and  engineer  or  engineers  as  said  board  of  retirement  may 
deem  advisable  to  retire  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

§  4  Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  board  of  retirement,  a 
majority  of  said  board  of  education  may  retire  any  janitor  or  engineer 
who  has  been  connected  with  the  public  schools  of  the  city  of  New 
Haven  for  a  period  of  thirty  years  or  more,  or  any  janitor  or  engineer 
who  may  be  incapacitated  while  in  service  from  further  duty  as  such 
janitor  or  engineer,  and  thereupon  said  trustee  shall  pay  to  such  janitor 
or  engineer,  during  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life,  the  sum  of  three 
hundred  dollars  per  annum,  provided  such  janitor  or  engineer,  at  the 
time  of  his  retirement,  was  receiving  a  salary  less  than  eight  hundred 
dollars  per  annum,  and  the  sum  of  six  hundred  dollars  per  annum 
provided  such  janitor  or  engineer,  at  the  time  of  his  retirement,  was 
receiving  a  salary  of  eight  hundred  dollars  or  more  per  annum. 

§  5  Any  janitor  or  engineer  who  may  be  retired  and  who  has  not 
paid  into  said  fund  an  amount  equal  to  the  sum  of  his  or  her  annuity, 
shall  receive  such  annuity  less  twenty  per  centum  thereof,  which  deduc- 
tion shall  be  made  annually  until  the  amount  of  such  annunity  is  paid 
into  said  fund,  and  one  and  one-half  per  centum  which  shall  be  de- 
ducted annually  from  all  annuities  which  shall  be  used  to  defray  the 
expense  of  said  fund. 

§  6  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prevent  the 
board  of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  janitor 
or  engineer  for  cause;  provided,  that  any  sum  that  may  have  been 
deducted  from  the  salary  of  such  janitor  or  engineer  and  paid  into  the 
retirement  fund,  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  shall  be  returned 
to  him  or  her  without  interest.  No  janitor  or  engineer  who  shall  term- 
inate his  employment,  except  as  provided  herein,  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  any  money  that  may  have  been  deducted  from  the  salary  of 
such  janitor  or  engineer  and  paid  into  said  retirement  fund. 

§  7  In  the  month  of  September,  1912,  and  annually  thereafter,  said 
trustee  shall  file  with  the  board  of  aldermen  an  annual  report  showing 
the  financial  condition  of  the  janitors'  and  engineers'  retirement  fund, 
which  report  shall  be  printed  in  the  city  year  book  of  the  city  of 
New  Haven. 


New  London 
Special  acts  of  1905,  pages  783,  784,  786,  and  802 
At  each  annual  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers  there  shall 


150 

be  elected  three  school  visitors  for  the  term  of  three  years  and  until 
their  successors  are  chosen  and  qualified. 

§  10  The  mayor  shall  be,  ex  officio,  a  member  of  all  committees 
of  the  court  of  common  council,  and  of  the  board  of  water  and  sewer 
commissioners,  and  of  the  board  of  school  visitors. 

§  48  All  the  rights,  powers,  and  duties  relative  to  education, 
schools,  school  districts,  schoolhouses,  school  lands,  school  property, 
and  school  officers,  of  whatsoever  kind,  heretofore  conferred  or  im- 
posed, or  hereafter  to  be  conferred  or  imposed  upon  towns,  shall  be 
and  they  are  imposed  and  conferred,  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of 
New  London,  upon  said  city,  and  upon  the  officers  chosen  by  it  for 
school  purposes. 

§  49  The  school  visitors  of  said  city  shall  continue  to  be  such 
school  officers,  and  shall  be  charged  with  and  perform  all  the  duties 
of  a  school  committee,  and  shall  have  all  its  powers,  and  shall  act  in 
the  place  and  stead  of  such  committee  in  all  things;  and  the  city  of 
New  London  shall  be  substituted  for  and  take  the  place  of  the  town 
of  New  London  in  all  matters  concerning  education,  and  shall  act 
instead  of  said  town  in  all  of  the  same. 

§  50  All  the  powers,  obligatory  duties,  rights,  and  property  of 
said  city  of  New  London,  whether  as  such  city,  or  as  a  union  school 
district,  in  respect  to  education  and  schools,  shall  be  vested  in  and 
belong  to  said  city  of  New  London,  which  shall  be  and  act,  for  all 
intents  and  purposes,  as  such  union  school  district,  and  all  such  powers 
and  duties  of  said  city  shall  be  exercised  and  performed  by  said 
board  of  school  visitors,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  said  city. 


New  London 
Teachers'  retirement  fund,  page  584 

§  1  There  shall  be  a  fund  known  as  the  "  Teachers'  Retirement 
Fund "  for  the  benefit  of  teachers  and  superintendents  of  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  London  Union  School  District,  which  shall 
consist  of  moneys  received  from  the  following  sources:  (1)  All  appro- 
priations, gifts,  or  bequests  made  to  the  fund  from  public  or  private 
sources,  for  the  purposes  for  which  said  retirement  fund  is  estab- 
lished. (2)  Five  per  centum  of  excise  moneys  or  license  fees  col- 
lected on  account  of  licenses  issued  for  the  sale  of  spirituous  and 
intoxicating  liquors  within  the  city  of  New  London.  (3)  An  assess- 
ment of  one  per  centum  of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  and 
superintendents  the  same  to  be  retained  from  the  salaries  of  such 
teachers  and  superintendents  in  equal  monthly  amounts.  (4)  An 
appropriation  to  said  retirement  fund  by  the  city  of  New  London  of 
an  amount  equal  to  the  difference  between  three  per  centum  of  the 
total  of  said  salary  list  and  five  per  centum  of  the  excise  money  re- 
ceived for  said  fund,  plus  the  assessment  of  one  per  centum  per  annum 
on  said  salaries;  and  (5)  all  other  legal  methods  for  the  increase  of 
said   fund. 


i5i 

§  2  The  city  treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  The  board 
of  school  visitors  of  the  city  of  New  London  shall  be  trustee  of  said 
retirement  fund  and  may  invest  and  reinvest  the  same  in  accordance 
with  the  laws  relating  to  the  investment  of  trust  funds.  All  orders 
on  said  fund  shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by 
the  president  of  the  board  of  school  visitors.  The  unexpended  yearly 
balance  of  said  fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and 
constitute  a  permanent  fund  to  be  invested,  as  aforesaid,  by  the  trustee, 
and  only  the  income  from  said  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carrying 
out  the  provisions  of  this  act;  provided,  that  when  the  permanent  fund 
amounts  to  a  sum  exceeding  fifty  thousand  dollars,  the  part  of  said 
fund  in  excess  of  said  fifty  thousand  dollars  shall  ,be  used,  from  year 
to  year,  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  thereafter  the 
annual  appropriation  made  by  the  city  of  New  London,  as  provided 
for  in  sub-division  (4)  of  section  one  shall  be  of  such  amount  only  as 
shall  be  necessary,  in  addition  to  the  excess  of  the  principal  of  said 
fund  over  fifty  thousand  dollars,  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  act. 

§  3  The  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  London,  the  president  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors,  the  superintendent  of  schools,  and  two  mem- 
bers of  the  teaching  staff,  chosen  by  the  members  of  said  teaching  staff, 
shall  constitute  a  board  of  retirement,  which  board  shall  investigate 
and  recommend  to  the  board  of  school  visitors  any  member  of  said 
teaching  or  supervising  staff  whom  it  deems  advisable  to  retire  under 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  The  two  members  of  said  board  of  retire- 
ment representing  said  teaching  staff  shall  first  be  chosen  one  for  one 
year  and  the  other  for  two  years,  and  annually  thereafter  one  such  mem- 
ber shall  be  chosen  for  two  years.  The  first  election  for  the  choice 
of  said  members  shall  be  conducted  by  said  board  of  school  visitors, 
and  all  subsequent  elections  shall  be  conducted  by  a  committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  board  of  retirement,  under  such  rules  and  regulations 
as  said  committee  shall  determine.  Said  committee  shall  have  power 
to  conduct  a  special  election  to  fill  any  vacancy  occurring  in  the  rep- 
resentation of  such  teachers  on  said  board  of  retirement. 

§  4  Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  board  of  retirement,  said 
board  of  school  visitors,  by  a  majority  vote,  may  retire  any  member 
of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  who  has  been  connected  with 
the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period  of  not 
less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  period  at  least  fifteen  years  of  such 
service  shall  have  been  in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New 
London,  or  who  has  been  connected  with  the  teaching  or  supervising 
staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  years, 
of  which  period  at  least  fifteen  years  of  such  service  shall  have  been 
in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New  London,  and  who  because 
of  mental  or  physical  disability  is  no  longer  able  to  continue  in  such 
service,  and  such  teacher  or  supervisor  so  retired  shall  be  paid  an- 
nually from  said  fund,  during  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life,  an 
amount  equal  to  one-half  of  his  or  her  average  annual  salary  during 
the  last  five  years  of  his  or  her  connection  with  the  public  schools  of 
New  London.    Any  member  of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  who 


152 

has  reached  the  age  of  sixty-five  years  and  who  has  been  connected 
with  the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period 
of  not  less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  at  least  fifteen  years  shall 
have  been  in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New  London,  or 
any  member  of  said  teaching  or  supervising  staff  who  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  the  public  schools  of 
New  London  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  thirty-five  years,  shall  have 
the  right,  upon  application  to  the  board  of  retirement,  to  be  retired 
and  to  receive,  annually,  from  said  fund,  for  the  remainder  of  his  or 
her  life,  an  amount  equal  to  one-half  of  his  or  her  average  annual 
salary  for  the  last  five  years  previous  to  the  date  of  such  application 
for  retirement.  Said  annuity  shall  be  payable  to  said  teacher  in  monthly 
installments  during  the  school  year. 

§  5  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  preventing  said  board 
of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  teacher  or 
supervisor  at  the  end  of  his  or  her  contract  of  employment,  or  from 
discharging  any  teacher  during  the  term  of  his  or  her  employment, 
and  any  sum  which  may  have  been  deducted  from  the  salary  of  such 
teacher  or  supervisor  and  paid  into  the  retirement  fund,  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act,  shall  be  and  remain  a  part  of  said  retirement  fund, 
free  from  any  claim  thereon  of  such  teacher;  nor  shall  anything  herein 
contained  be  construed  as  creating  any  contract  right  in  any  member 
of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  to  receive  the  pension  provided 
for  in  section  five  of  this  act  until  retired  from  service  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  said  section.  The  acceptance  of  employment  as 
a  teacher  or  supervisor  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  London 
Union  School  District,  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  shall  be  con- 
sidered as  being  made  subject  to  the  terms  and  provisions  of  this  act. 
and  as  authorizing  the  deduction  of  the  one  per  centum,  provided  for 
in  section  one  hereof,  from  the  salary  of  such  teacher.  No  teacher  or 
supervisor  who  shall  leave  the  employment  of  the  New  London  Union 
School  District,  unless  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section 
five  of  this  act,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  from  said  retirement  fund, 
or  otherwise,  any  moneys  that  may  have  been  deducted  from  the 
salary  of  such  teacher  or  supervisor  and  paid  into  such  retirement 
fund  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 


Incorporating  Thames  College 
Special   acts   191 1,  page   101 

§  1  That  Oliver  Gildersleeve  of  Gildersleeve,  Frances  S.  Williams 
of  Glastonbury,  Mary  C.  Mitchell,  Mary  M.  Partridge,  and  Edward  L. 
Smith,  of  Hartford,  Elizabeth  C.  Wright  of  West  Hartford,  Elizabeth 
C.  B.  Buell  of  Litchfield,  Colin  S.  Buell,  A.  LI.  Chappell,  and  Bryan  F. 
Mahan,  of  New  London,  H.  H.  Bridgman  of  Norfolk,  and  Edward  D. 
Robbins  of  New  Haven,  and  such  other  persons  as  they  may  associate 
with  them,  are  hereby  constituted  a  body  corporate  and  politic  forever, 
by  the  name  of  "Thames  College";  said  college  to  be  located  in  the 


153 

city  of  New  London,  and  by  that  name  it  shall  have  perpetual  succes- 
sion, with  power  to  contract,  to  sue  and  be  sued  and  plead  and  be  im- 
pleaded, to  have  and  use  a  common  seal,  to  hold  and  use  any  estate, 
real  or  personal,  and  the  same  to  lease,  sell,  and  convey. 

§  2  The  sole  and  exclusive  purpose  of  said  corporation  shall  be  to 
establish,  organize,  maintain,  and  conduct  an  institution  for  the  higher 
education  of  women,  and  said  corporation  shall  have  all  lawful  powers 
proper  for  the  execution  of  such  purpose. 

§  3  The  care,  control,  and  disposition  of  the  property  and  funds 
of  said  corporation  and  the  general  management  of  its  affairs  shall  be 
vested  in  a  board  of  trustees.  Said  corporation  shall  have  power  to 
adopt  by-laws  for  the  government  of  its  affairs,  which  by-laws  shall 
prescribe  the  number  of  the  trustees,  which  shall  not  exceed  twenty- 
four,  their  terms  of  office,  and  the  manner  of  their  election.  By-laws 
may  be  adopted  and  repealed  or  amended  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  all 
trustees  at  any  meeting  of  the  trustees  duly  held  upon  proper  notice; 
provided,  that  the  notice  of  such  meeting  shall  set  forth  the  terms  of 
the  action  with  regard  to  the  by-laws  to  be  taken  at  such  meeting. 

§  4  Said  corporation  shall  be  organized  by  the  action  of  the  in- 
corporators in  adopting  by-laws  and  electing  a  board  of  trustees,  any 
of  whom  may  be  chosen  from  among  the  incorporators.  Meetings  of 
the  incorporators  for  the  purpose  of  organization  may  be  called  by 
Colin  S.  Buell,  Elizabeth  C.  Wright,  and  Edward  D.  Robbins,  by 
written  notice  mailed  to  all  of  the  incorporators,  stating  the  time  and 
place  of  meeting. 

§  5  Said  college  shall  have  power,  in  accordance  with  its  by-laws, 
to  confer  degrees  and  grant  diplomas. 

§  6  The  property  of  said  corporation  shall  enjoy  the  exemption 
from  taxation,  and  all  other  privileges  and  exemptions,  now  enjoyed 
by  or  hereafter  granted  to  Yale  University. 


Changing  the  name  of  Thames  college  to  Connecticut  college  for 

women 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  291 
That  the  name  of  the  corporation  created  by  resolution  incorporating 
Thames  College,  approved  April  4,  191 1,  is  hereby  changed  to  "Con- 
necticut College  for  Women  ",  and  said  resolution  and  the  title  thereof 
is  hereby  amended  in  accordance  herewith. 


Amending  the  charter  of  the  Connecticut  college  for  women 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  385 
Whereas,  the  higher  education  of  the  women  of  this  state  is  a  mat- 
ter of  great  public  concern,  and 

Whereas,  the  Connecticut  College  for  Women  has  been  incorporated 
at  this  session  of  the  general  assembly  for  the  purpose  of  providing 


154 

such  education  through  voluntary  contributions,  without  the  necessity 
of  levying  taxes  for  the  support  thereof,  and 

Whereas,  it  is  a  matter  of  public  concern  that  a  suitable  site  should 
be  provided  for  the  purposes  of  said  Connecticut  College  for  Women, 
therefore 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  in  General 
Asembly  convened: 

The  Connecticut  College  for  Women  shall  have  power  to  take 
such  real  estate  in  the  towns  of  New  London  and  Waterford  as  its 
trustees  shall  find  to  be  necessary  for  the  purposes  of  said  educational 
corporation,  upon  payment  of  just  compensation  therefor,  and  if  said 
Connecticut  College  for  Women  cannot  agree  with  any  owner  upon 
the  amount  to  be  paid  him  for  any  real  estate  thus  taken,  it  may  pro- 
ceed in  the  manner  provided  by  sections  4106,  4107,  and  4108  of  the 
general  statutes  respecting  the  condemnation  of  land  for  the  site  of 
county  buildings. 

Norwalk 

Special  acts  of  1901  page  685 

§  1  The  organization  and  formation  of  the  high  schools  now  exist- 
ing and  being  conducted  in  the  town  of  Norwalk,  and  all  acts  hitherto 
performed  in  the  management  and  conduct  of  said  schools,  are  hereby 
validated  and  confirmed;  but  said  schools  shall  hereafter  be  conducted 
under  the  head  or  title  of  the  Norwalk  High  School,  with  one  or  more 
departments  and  courses  of  study;  and  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining 
such  high  school,  the  town  of  Norwalk  may  purchase,  receive,  hold, 
and  convey  any  property,  build  and  repair  schoolhouses,  lay  taxes,  and 
make  contracts  and  adopt  regulations  for  the  management  of  such 
school. 

Special  acts,  1909,  page  670 

§  1  So  much  of  section  one  of  an  act  concerning  "the  Norwalk 
High  School,  approved  April  11,  1901,  as  place  the  Norwalk  High 
School  under  control  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  is  hereby  re- 
pealed, to  take  effect  upon  the  organization  of  the  committee  provided 
for  in  section  two  of  this  act. 

§  2  At  the  annual  town  meeting  for  the  election  of  town  officers 
in  the  town  of  Norwalk,  to  be  held  on  the  first  Monday  in  October, 
1909,  and  annually  thereafter,  there  shall  be  elected  a  committee  of 
five  persons,  to  be  known  as  The  Norwalk  High  School  Committee, 
who  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  duties  of  high  school  committees 
under  existing  statutes. 

§  3  No  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  three  members  of  this 
committee,  and  the  five  persons  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes 
shall  be  declared  elected. 

Special  acts,  1909,  pages  629-631 ;   Sections  3,  4,  5,  6 

Creates  a  board  of  estimate  and  prescribes  duties  of  board  of 
school   visitors   and  high   school  committee. 


155 

Amending  an  act  creating  a  board  of  estimate  and  taxation  in  the 
city  of  Norwalk 

Special  acts  1911,  page  337 

North  Stonington 

Exempting   from   taxation   the   property   of   the  Wheeler    school   and 

library. 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  299 

Norwich 

Annexing  a  portion  of  the  town  of  Norwich  to  the  Central  school 
district  of  Norwich 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  137 

That  all  that  part  of  the  town  of  Norwich  bounded  northerly  by 
the  southerly  line  of  the  Central  school  district,  easterly  and  southerly 
by  the  boundary  line  of  the  town  of  Preston,  and  westerly  by  the 
Thames  river,  which  described  territory,  with  part  of  the  town  of 
Preston,  formed  the  Brewster's  Neck  school  district  number  six,  prior 
to  the  taking  effect  of  chapter  146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909,  be  and 
hereby  is,  with  the  inhabitants  residing  within  the  limits  of  said  de- 
scribed territory,  annexed  to  and  made  a  part  of  the  Central  school 
district  in  said  town  of  Norwich. 

Orange 

Special  acts  of  1899,  page  269 

Union  school  district  of  Orange 

§  1  The  Union  school  district  of  the  town  of  Orange  may,  at  its 
next  annual  meeting,  vote  upon  the  question  of  whether  or  not  said 
district  will  adopt  the  form  of  school  government  provided  for  in 
sections  2130,  2131,  2132,  2133,  and  2134  of  the  general  statutes,  and 
if  a  majority  of  the  voters  of  said  district  shall  at  said  meeting  vote 
in  favor  of  adopting  said  form  of  government,  then  the  officers  of  said 
district  elected  at  said  annual  meeting  shall  hold  office  until  the  third 
Monday  of  September,  1899. 

§  2  If  said  district  shall  vote  to  adopt  said  form  of  government, 
then  said  district  shall  hold  its  annual  meeting  on  the  third  Monday  of 
September,  1899,  and  annually  thereafter;  and  at  the  annual  meeting 
held  on  the  third  Monday  of  September,  1899,  elect  the  officers  provided 
for  in  said  section  2130  of  the  general  statutes,  and  shall  elect  two 
members  of  a  board  of  education  to  serve  for  one  year,  two  members  to 
serve  for  two  years,  and  two  members  to  serve  for  three  years,  and 
annually  thereafter  two  members  to  serve  for  three  years,  as  provided 
in  said  statutes. 


1 56 

§  3  Upon  said  district  voting  as  herein  provided,  and  upon  the 
election  of  officers  of  said  district  as  provided  in  section  two,  said  dis- 
trict and  said  officers  shall  have  all  the  powers,  rights  and  duties,  and 
be  subject  to  all  the  obligations  imposed  upon  school  districts  so 
organized  as  provided  in  sections  2130,  2131,  2132,  2133,  and  2134  of  the 
general  statutes,  and  all  other  acts  relating  to  school  districts  so  far  as 
the  same  are  applicable ;  and  in  case  of  a  vacancy  occurring  in  any  office, 
the  board  of  education  may  fill  the  same  till  the  next  annual  meeting. 

§  4  The  adoption  by  said  district  of  said  form  of  government  shall 
in  no  manner  affect  the  rights,  property,  or  obligations  of  said  school 
district,  but  the  same  shall  continue  in  the  same  manner  as  if  this  act 
had  not  been  passed,  and  shall  be  administered,  adjusted,  and  liquidated 
by  said  district  and  by  the  officers  elected  in  pursuance  of  this  act,  in 
lieu  of  the  officers  now  administering  the  same,  and  all  debts  due  said 
district  and  all  obligations  due  from  said  district  shall  be  collected  and 
paid  by  said  district  and  by  the  officers  elected)  hereunder,  to  the  same 
extent  as  if  this  act  had  not  been  passed. 

§  5  If  said  district  shall  vote  to  adopt  said  ferm  of  government, 
the  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Orange  shall  only  have  jurisdiction 
in  the  remaining  portion  of  the  town  after  the  third  Monday  of  Sep- 
tember, 1899. 

§  6    This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 


Orange 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  386 

Amending  a  resolution  authorizing  the  Union  school  district  of  the 
town  of  Orange  and  the  Orange  center  school  district  of  the  town 
of  Orange  to  issue  bonds,  and  authorizing  the  northern  school 
district  to  issue  bonds. 

Special  acts  191 1,  pages  304-313 

An  Act  creating  a  board  of  finance  for  the  town  of  Orange,  increasing 

the  powers  of  the  selectmen,  and  repealing  the  charter  of 

the  borough  of  West  Haven 

Saybrook 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  16 

That,  whenever  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall 
have  filed  with  the  comptroller  a  certificate  showing  the  amount  that 
should  be  paid  to  the  town  of  Saybrook,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of 
chapter  102  of  the  public  acts  of  1903  as  amended  by  chapters  135  and 
216  of  the  public  acts  of  1907,  as  being  due  to  said  town  on  account 
of  said  grant,  for  the  support  of  public  schools  for  the  year  ending 


157 

July  14,  1909,  and  which  is  heretofore  unpaid,  the  comptroller  shall 
draw  his  order  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  said  town  of  Saybrook 
for  the  amount  which  may  be  found  to  be  due  to  said  town  as  herein- 
before provided. 

South  Windsor 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  121 

That  the  resolution  incorporating  the  Wapping  School  Society  of 
South  Windsor  approved  March  8,  1887,  is  hereby  repealed. 

Public  acts  191 1,  chapter  200 

Concerning  the  management  of  public  schools  in  the  town  of  South 

Windsor 

§  1  The  provisions  of  chapter  146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909  shall 
apply  to  the  town  of  South  Windsor  in  all  respects  as  if  the  districts 
within  its  limits,  organized  under  special  act  of  the  general  assembly, 
had  been  abolished  prior  to  the  passage  of  said  act. 

§  2     This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

Stamford 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  205 
Authorizing  the  town  of  Stamford  to  issue  bonds  for  schools 

VOLUNTOWN 

Public  acts  191 1,  chapter  71 

§  1  The  town  of  Voluntown  shall  have  jurisdiction  of  the  schools 
which,  prior  to  the  passage  of  chapter  146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909, 
were  maintained  in  the  joint  district  known  as  the  fourth  school  district 
of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  and  the  towns  of  Voluntown  and  Griswold 
shall  apportion  the  cost  of  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  in  said 
district  under  the  provisions  of  section  2276  of  the  general  statutes  in 
the  same  manner  as  before  the  passage  of  said  chapter  146  of  the 
public  acts  of  1009. 

§  2  The  inhabitants  of  that  portion  of  the  territory,  formerly  in- 
cluded in  said  fourth  school  district,  which  is  situated  in  said  town  of 
Griswold  shall  have  power  to  levy  and  collect  taxes  on  the  property 
located  therein  for  the  support  of  said  schools  and  for  the  erection, 
maintenance,  repair,  equipment,  and  furnishings  of  the  school  building, 
to  supply  said  building  with  fuel,  and  to  purchase  school  apparatus,  and 
shall  also  have  power  to  borrow  money  for  the  foregoing  purposes. 

Public  Acts  191 1,  Chapter  223 
Section  two  of  chapter  71    of  the   public  acts   of   191 1    is  hereby 


I5» 

amended  to  read  as  follows:  The  inhabitants  of  that  portion  of  the 
territory,  formerly  included  in  said  fourth  school  district,  which  is 
situated  in  said  town  of  Griswold,  shall  have  the  right  to  a  voice  and 
vote,  equally  with  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  in  all 
matters  pertaining  to  the  maintenance  and  equipment  of  schools  in 
said  former  fourth  school  district,  and  the  selectmen  of  the  town  of 
Voluntown  shall  include  the  inhabitants  of  said  territory  in  all  warn- 
ings of  school  meetings  at  which  matters  pertaining  to  said  schools  are 
to  be  acted  upon,  and  the  inhabitants  of  said  territory,  with  the  inhabit- 
ants of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  in  such  meetings  assembled,  shall  have 
power  to  levy  and  collect  taxes  on  the  property  located  in  said  terri- 
tory as  well  as  in  the  town  of  Voluntown  for  the  support  of  said 
schools  and  for  the  erection,  maintenance,  repair,  equipment,  and  fur- 
nishings of  the  school  building,  to  supply  said  building  with  fuel,  and 
to  purchase  school  apparatus,  and  shall  also  have  power  to  borrow 
money  for  said  purposes,  and  the  persons  chosen  to  collect  school  taxes 
in  said  town  of  Voluntown  shall  have  authority  to  collect  school  taxes 
in  said  territory. 

Waterbury 

Special  Acts  of   1899,  page  498 

§  1  The  territorial  limits  of  the  body  politic  and  corporate  existing 
under  the  name  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  shall  hereafter  include  all 
land  and  territory  situated  within  the  limits  of  the  Center  school  dis- 
trict of  Waterbury  as  now  or  hereafter  defined. 

§  2  There  shall  be  in  the  city  of  Waterbury  a  department  of  educa- 
tion which  shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  all  the  property  and 
affairs  of  the  Center  school  district  of  Waterbury.  After  this  act  shall 
take  effect  no  meeting  of  said  Center  school  district  shall  be  held  for 
any  purpose  whatever. 

§  3  Said  department  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the  board  of 
education,  consisting  of  the  mayor,  who  shall  be  ex  officio  chairman,  and 
seven  members,  who  shall  be  elected  biennially  at  the  meetings  of  said 
city  for  the  election  of  officers;  and  for  this  purpose  separate  ballots 
shall  be  provided  in  the  several  voting  places  in  said  city.  The  terms 
of  office  of  said  members  shall  begin  on  the  first  Monday  of  January 
next  following  their  election,  and  the  provisions  of  the  charter  of  said 
city  in  relation  to  the  powers  and  duties  of  city  officers  shall  apply  to 
said  members. 

§  4  No  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  four  members  of  the  board 
of  education.  If  any  ballot  found  in  said  boxes  shall  have  the  names 
of  more  than  four  persons  for  members  of  said  board,  the  first  four 
names  only  shall  be  counted,  and  the  seven  persons  of  the  whole  number 
voted  for  and  counted  as  aforesaid  having  the  highest  number  of  votes 
shall  be  declared  elected  members  of  the  board  of  education  of  said 
city.  In  case  a  vacancy  shall  occur  in  said  board  by  reason  of  a  tie 
vote,  or  death,  resignation,  or  removal,  or  any  other  cause,  such  vacancy 
may  be  filled  in  the  manner  now  provided  for  filling  vacancies  in  other 
city  offices. 


159 

§  5  The  members  of  said  board  of  education  shall  receive  such 
compensation  for  their  services  as  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  board  of 
aldermen. 

§  6  Said  board  shall  hold  regular  meetings  every  month,  and 
special  meetings  at  such  times  as  it  may  appoint  or  the  mayor  may  call. 
Except  in  case  of  a  tie,  the  mayor  shall  have  no  vote  in  any  meeting. 

§  7  The  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools,  and  shall  decide  the  number  of  principals,  assistants,  and  teach- 
ers to  be  employed.  It  may  appoint  or  employ  a  clerk,  an  inspector  of 
buildings,  and  such  other  officers  and  employees  as  may  be  necessary 
for  the  proper  conduct  of  its  business.  It  shall  fix  their  salaries,  sub- 
ject to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  finance,  and  prescribe  their  terms 
of  office,  and  their  duties,  in  each  case,  except  as  hereinafter  provided. 
The  officers  and  employees  of  the  Center  school  district,  at  the  time 
when  this  act  shall  take  effect,  shall  retain  their  respective  offices  until 
their  successors  shall  be  chosen  and  duly  qualified,  and  the  rules  and 
regulations  of  the  board  of  education  and  district  committee  then  in 
existence,  not  inconsistent  with  this  act,  shall  remain  in  full  force  until 
repealed.  The  board  of  education  herein  provided  for  shall  have  the 
entire  charge  and  direction  of  all  the  public  schools  of  said  district, 
and  of  the  expenditure  of  all  moneys  appropriated  for  the  support  of 
the  same,  and  shall  have  power  to  construct,  manage,  and  repair  all 
school  buildings,  and  shall  possess  all  other  powers  and  be  subject  to 
all  of  the  general  duties  of  boards  of  education,  school  committees, 
and  school  visitors  in  this  state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with 
the  terms  of  this  act.  It  shall  make  its  own  by-laws,  keep  a  journal  of 
its  proceedings,  define  the  duties  of  its  officers  and  committees,  and  pre- 
scribe such  rules  and  regulations  for  discipline  in  the  said  public  schools 
as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  the  state. 

§  8  The  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be  appointed  for  the  term 
of  two  years,  and  his  salary  shall  not  be  increased  or  decreased  during 
any  term  except  in  the  manner  provided  by  the  charter  of  said  city. 
He  shall  not  be  removed  during  said  term  except  by  the  vote  of  five 
members  of  the  board  of  education.  He  shall  appoint  from  those 
eligible  under  the  rules  of  the  board  all  principals,  assistants,  and 
teachers  necessary  to  fill  positions  authorized  by  the  board.  He  shall 
assign  all  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers  to  their  respective  posi- 
tions, and  reassign  them  or  dismiss  them  from  office  at  his  discretion. 
He  shall  report  at  each  meeting  of  the  board  all  appointments,  reassign- 
ments,  and  dismissals,  made  by  him  since  the  previous  meeting.  Any 
appointment  by  the  superintendent  may  be  rejected  by  a  vote  of  the 
majority  of  the  board.  Any  dismissal  by  the  superintendent  shall  be 
final  unless  reversed  by  a  vote  of  a  majority  of  the  board  at  the  meeting 
when  such  dismissal  is  reported.  Notice  of  dismissal  on  the  part  of 
the  superintendent  shall  be  given  to  the  principal,  assistant,  or  teacher 
by  the  superintendent  in  writing  at  least  one  week  before  the  meeting 
of  the  board  when  the  superintendent  reports  such  dismissal.  He  shall, 
with  the  approval  of  the  board  of  education,  prescribe  the  course  of 
study  in  all  the  schools,  but  the  text-books  to  be  used  in  said  courses 


i6o 

shall  be  designated  by  the  board.  The  superintendent  shall  annually, 
at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the  board,  submit  to  the  board  a  full  report  of 
the  work  and  condition  of  the  schools  during  the  previous  year,  with 
recommendations  for  the  ensuing  year,  which  report,  when  accepted  by 
the  board,  shall  form  part  of  its  report  to  the  mayor.  He  shall  also 
report,  each  month  during  the  school  year,  to  the  board  in  writing,  any 
changes  made  in  the  course  of  study,  and  what  principals,  assistants, 
and  teachers  he  has  assigned,  reassigned,  or  dismissed,  and  shall 
furnish  such  additional  information  regarding  the  condition  of  the 
schools  and  the  efficiency  of  the  teaching  force  as  may  be  required  by 
the  board.  Said  monthly  reports  shall  be  entered  in  a  suitable  book 
provided  for  that  purpose,  and  shall  be  kept  as  part  of  the  records  of 
the  department. 

§  9  The  treasurer  of  the  city  shall  receive  the  amount  of  school 
money  to  which  the  district  is  entitled  from  the  school  moneys  of  the 
state,  from  the  town  of  Waterbury,  from  state  appropriations  for  school 
purposes,  from  gifts,  and  from  the  tax  laid  within  the  district  for  school 
purposes,  which  moneys  shall  be  subject  to  the  order  of  the  board  of 
education  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  board  of  finance  may 
from  time  to  time  establish. 

§  10  The  board  of  education  shall  submit  to  the  board  of  finance 
of  the  city,  at  the  time  fixed  by  law  for  the  submission  of  the  estimates 
of  the  other  departments  of  said  city,  a  detailed  estimate  of  its  ex- 
penses for  the  next  year  for  which  the  appropriations  for  city  purposes 
are  by  law  required  to  be  made,  specifying  separately  the  sums  needed 
for  current  and  special  expenses. 

§  ii  The  provisions  of  sections  92  and  93  of  the  charter  of  the  city 
of  Waterbury  shall  apply  to  such  estimates,  and  to  all  taxes  and  appro- 
priations based  thereon;  but  no  tax  shall  be  laid  upon  any  property 
lying  outside  of  the  present  limits  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  and  within 
the  limits  of  said  city  as  hereby  established  at  a  rate  exceeding  one-half 
of  the  rate  of  taxation  upon  property  lying  within  the  present  limits 
of  said  city. 

§  12  The  board  of  education  shall  annually,  at  a  date  fixed  by  the 
mayor,  transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during 
the  previous  year,  together  with  a  statement  of  its  receipts  and  ex- 
penditures, specifying  those  on  account  of  current  expenses  and  special 
expenses  for  land  and  buildings  respectively,  with  such  other  details  as 
the  mayor  may  from  time  to  time  require. 

§  13  Said  board  shall  have  power  to  divide  the  school  district  into 
as  many  sub-districts  as  it  may  deem  advisable,  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  limits  within  which  children  may  attend  each  school. 

§  14  The  city  of  Waterbury,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
board  of  education,  shall  have  power  to  take  sites  for  schoolhouses,  or 
for  the  enlargement  of  sites  already  acquired,  in  the  manner  provided 
by  law  for  taking  of  land  for  public  parks. 

§  15  The  title  to  all  property,  legal  or  equitable,  owned  by  said 
district,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  acquired  for  school  purposes  in 
said  district,  is  hereby  vested  in  the  board  of  education,  as  trustee  for 
said  Center  school  district. 


i6i 

§  1 6  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  restrict  the  right  of 
any  woman  to  vote  at  any  meeting  held  for  the  purpose  of  choosing 
any  officer  of  schools,  or  for  any  educational  purpose  under  the  general 
or  special  laws  of  this  state,  and  nothing  herein  shall  confer  upon  any 
woman  the  right  to  vote  for  the  mayor  of  said  city  of  Waterbury  or  for 
any  other  city  officer. 

Amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  and  consolidating  the 
governments  of  the  town  and  city  of  Waterbury 

Special  acts  of  1901,  page  858 

§  10  All  liabilities,  debts,  and  obligations  owing  on  said  first 
Monday  of  January,  1902,  from  or  by  the  city  or  Center  school  district 
of  Waterbury,  shall  remain  a  liability,  debt,  and  obligation  upon  the 
persons  and  property  within  the  second  district  hereinbefore  described, 
and  any  indebtedness,  bonded  or  otherwise,  thereafter  incurred  for  any 
purposes  within  said  second  district  not  in  this  act  provided  to  be  paid 
by  said  first  district,  including  disposal  of  sewage,  shall  be  assumed 
solely  by  the  said  second  district. 

§  11  The  several  school  districts  of  the  town  of  Waterbury,  out- 
side of  said  second  district,  shall  continue  to  remain  as  school  districts 
with  the  same  territorial  limits,  rights,  powers,  and  obligations  as  now 
existing  with  the  exception  as  set  forth  in  section  seven  of  this  act,  and 
the  obligations  now  imposed  upon  the  town  of  Waterbury,  with  respect 
to  the  support  of  schools  outside  of  said  second  district,  are  hereby 
imposed  upon  said  city  of  Waterbury  and  shall  be  an  expense  incurred 
by  and  chargeable  to  the  first  district  hereinbefore  described. 

§  12  Whenever  twenty-five  electors  residing  in  any  one  of  said 
school  districts  shall  petition  the  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  that 
the  school  district  within  which  they  reside  may  be  brought  under  the 
full  jurisdiction  of  the  second  district  heretofore  described,  so  that  the 
persons  and  property  within  said  school  district  may  secure  from  the 
government  of  said  city  the  same  benefits  and  be  subject  to  the  same 
obligations  as  persons  and  property  within  said  second  district,  said 
board  of  aldermen,  after  due  hearing,  shall  fix  a  day  on  which  all  legal 
voters  residing  within  the  limits  of  said  school  district  may  vote  upon 
the  question  whether  they  are  in  favor  of  or  opposed  to  said  petition. 
And  if  on  said  day  a  majority  of  the  votes  cast  within  said  school 
district  shall  be  found  in  favor  of  having  said  petition  granted,  said 
board  of  aldermen  shall  grant  the  same  and  make  an  order  that  the 
said  school  district,  together  with  its  inhabitants  and  property,  shall 
thereafter  be  and  remain  under  the  full  jurisdiction  of  the  said  second 
district,  and  such  order  shall  have  the  same  force  and  effect  as  if  it 
formed  a  part  of  this  act,  and  said  school  district  shall  then  be  deemed 
to  have  been  abolished  as  a  school  district. 

§  13  The  board  of  education  of  said  city  shall,  on  and  after  the 
first  Monday  of  January,  1902,  have  and  possess  all  of  the  powers  and 
duties  vested  in  town  school  visitors  by  the  general  statutes.  Said 
board  shall  have  the  power,  at  its  discretion,  of  admitting  any  child 


l62 

resident  in  any  of  the  several  school  districts  outside  of  said  second 
taxation  district  to  any  graded  school  within  said  second  district,  and 
shall  admit  any  such  child  to  the  high  school  within  said  district,  if 
such  child  shall  be  qualified  for  admission  thereto,  upon  payment  of 
such  annual  fee  as  may  be  determined  upon  by  said  board  of  education. 
Such  fee  shall  be  paid  by  said  city  and  be  an  expense  of  and  chargeable 
to  the  said  first  taxation  district,  provided,  that  not  more  than  thirty 
dollars  shall  be  paid  for  each  scholar  attending  such  schools  from  any 
of  said  several  school  districts. 

Amending  a   resolution   authorizing  the   city  of   Waterbury   to   issue 
school  bonds  and  improvement  bonds 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  10 

Westville 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  118 

Authorizing  the  Westville  school  district  to  issue  bonds 

Weston 
Public  acts  191 1,  page  1623 

§  1  The  first  selectman  of  the  town  of  Weston  shall,  until  the 
annual  town  meeting,  in  1914,  of  the  town  of  Weston,  be  ex  officio,  a 
member  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  said  town,  with  power, 
however,  to  vote  on  any  question  pending  before  said  board  of  school 
visitors  only  in  case  of  a  tie. . 

§  2    This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

Joint  school  district  in  the  towns  of  Wilton,  Redding,  and  Weston 
Special  acts  191 1,  page  143 

§  1  The  territory  heretofore  included  within  the  limits  of  school 
district  number  ten  of  the  town  of  Wilton,  formed  from  parts  of  the 
towns  of  Wilton,  Redding,  and  Weston,  and  all  the  inhabitants  within 
said  territory,  be  and  they  are  hereby  made  and  constituted  a  body 
politic  and  corporate  under  the  name  of  District  No.  10  of  the  Town 
of  Wilton,  with  all  the  powers  given  to  school  districts  by  chapters 
135  and  137  of  the  general  statutes  and  amendments  thereof. 

§  2  All  moneys  expended  by  the  town  of  Wilton  for  the  main- 
tenance of  a  public  school  in  said  district  shall  be  paid  by  said  towns  on 
the  basis  of  the  school  enumeration  of  children  in  said  district,  to  be 
determined  as  follows:  the  whole  number  of  children  enumerated  in 
the  district  shall  be  taken  as  the  common  denominator,  and  the  num- 
ber of  children  so  enumerated  residing  in  each  town  in  said  district 
shall  be  taken  as  the  numerator,  to  determine  the  fractional  part  of 


1 63 

such  tax  or  sum  of  money  expended  which  each  of  said  towns  shall  be 
required  to  pay. 

§  3  Said  school  district  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  supervision 
by  the  state  board  of  education  as  said  board  now  exercises  over  other 
public  schools.  The  school  committee  of  the  town  of  Wilton  shall 
exercise  the  powers  and  perform  the  duties  in  said  district  provided  for 
school  visitors  in  chapter  134  of  the  general  statutes  and  amendments 
thereof,  and  said  district  shall  receive  the  same  benefits  from  the  state 
school  fund,  through  the  town  of  Wilton,  that  other  school  districts 
receive. 

§  4  Said  district  shall  be  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  chapter  146 
of  the  public  acts  of  1909,  and  from  the  provisions  of  any  other  statute, 
so  far  as  such  provisions  are  inconsistent  herewith. 

WOODBRIDGE 

Special  acts  191 1,  page  94 

Authorizing  the  town  of  Woodbridge  to  issue  bonds  for  school  building 

purposes 


11 


INDEX 


Abolition  of  school  districts,  .  • 

vote  how  taken, 
repeal  of  vote, 
Academy,  endowed  or  incorporated,  .... 

State  board  of  education  may  examine, 

may  approve  for  high  school 
scholars, 
Accommodations  must  be  furnished, 
Accounts,  of  State  board  of  education, 
agents,  . 
normal  schools, 
State  aid  to  libraries,  . 
Acting  school  visitor,  appointment  of, 

not  necessarily  a  member  of  the  Board 
compensation, 
duties, 

in  districts  having  board  of  education 

to  certify  schools  kept  according  to  law, 

to  certify  attendance  in  non-local  high 

schools    to    State    board    of 

education, 
names  of    children    for    con- 
veyance grant,       .    . 
to  purchase  text-books  for  children  when 

parents  are  unable, 
to  certify  cost  of  text  books  to  selectmen 
or  town  school  committee, 

town  treasurer  to  pay  bill,     . 
Age,  of  school  attendance,    . 
employment, 
enumeration, 
leaving  school, 

penalty  for  false  statement  concerning, 
State  board  of  education,  to  secure  observance  of  laws 

relating  to  instruction  of 
children,    . 
Agents  to  enforce  provisions  relating  to  employment  of  chil- 
dren, term  of  office, 
remuneration, 
accounts  audited  by 
Comptroller, 
165 


Agent, 


Section 

199,  200 

200 

201 


75 


66 


5o,  52 
9 
7 

15 
8 
120 
121 
1,  122 
120 
121 
258 


74 

78 

49 

49 

49 

18,  40 

24,  25 

241 

20 

23 


7,  29 
7,  29 

7,  29 


school 


1 66 


Agents  enforce  attendance  laws, 
enforce  employment  law, 
issue  certificates  of  age, 
act  as  superintendents, 
request  hearing  if  school  accommodations  not  furnished, 
Agents,  inspect  private  school  registers,     . 
investigate  age  of  children, 
act  as  supervisors,   . 
issue  leaving  certificates,    . 
issue  age  certificates, 

to  test  literacy,    . 
Alcohol,  effects  of  taught,     . 

in  normal  schools 
examination  in,  . 
Almshouse,  not  exempt  from  taxation, 
Ansonia,  special  act  relating  to  schools, 
Apparatus,  state  grant  for,  . 

to  be  approved  by  school  visitors  or  town 

committee, 
districts  may  purchase, 
to  temporary  homes,     , 
Appeal  to  Superior  Court,  in  proceedings  for  taking  land  for 

schoolhouse  site,   . 
to  alter  school  districts, 
to  define  boundary,  . 
to  divide  district  property, 
Appointment  of  town  school  officers, 
Appraisement  of  district  property  at  time  of  consolidation 
Apportionment  of  money  to  districts, 

lying  in  two  or  more 
Appropriation,  for  normal  schools,  . 
public  schools,    . 
trained  teachers, 
school  libraries, 
public  libraries, 
teachers'  meetings, 
evening  schools, 
deficiencies, 
state  distribution  of, 
educational  purposes,    , 
Arbor  and  Bird  Day,  to  be  observed  by  schools, 
Arrest  of  truant  boys, 
girls, 
Assessment  of  property  by  school  districts, 
Attendance,  age  of,   . 

certificates  of,    . 
evidence  of,       . 
at  private  schools, 
possible, 


Section 

7,  29 

7,  29 

25 

140 

50.  52 

21 

26 

140 

20 

25 

25 

45 

45 

123,  233 

189 

page  118 

239 

126,  239 

147 

95 


185,  186 

151 

149 

209 

101 

207,  20S,  209,227 

256 

128,  265 

12 

1,127,  246 

page  118 

239 

page  118 

2 

80 

page  117 

127,  246 

page  117 

55 

33 

38 

188-194 

18 

25 

25 

21 

40 


towns 


\6y 


Attendance,  excuses  for  non-attendance,  . 
failure,  penalty,  . 

complaint,  all  offenses  in  same, 
suspension  of  sentence, 
penalty,  not  incurred  when — 

child  lacks  clothing, 
child's  mental  or  physical 
condition  renders  at- 
tendance inexpedient, 
when  compulsory  for  children  between  14  and  16, 
at  evening  schools, 
Average  attendance,  grant,  ..... 

to  be  reported  to  State  board  of  education 
condition  of,    . 
method  of  payment,   . 


Note 


Ballot-box,  vote  on  consolidation,   . 

Biennial  election,       .....  page  66, 

Bird  day,         ...... 

Blanks,  form  prescribed  by  State  board  of  education, 
Board,  of  education  in  districts  formerly  school  societies, 

may  admit  to  school  children  over  four, 

may  appoint  superintendent, 
fix  salary, 

may  organize  supervision  district,  . 

may  require  children  to  be  vaccinated, 

shall  preserve  books  and  documents, 

may  administer  oath, 

powers  and  duties,     . 

shall  report  to  State  board  of  education, 

shall  send  returns  and  certificates  to  Comp- 
troller,      ..... 

may  purchase  and  loan  text-books  to  pupils 

may  appoint  acting  visitor,  not  of  their 
own  number,         .... 

may  examine  teachers, 

shall  hear  parents  when  school  accommo- 
dations not  furnished, 

must  certify  average  number  attending 
evening  schools  to  Comptroller, 

must  report  to  State  board  of  education 
concerning  evening  schools, 

may  petition  for  superintendent,    . 

may  prescribe  supplementary  books, 

two-thirds  vote  of,  to  change  text-books,  . 

may  superintend  evening  schools,  . 

may  grant  certificates  to  teachers, 

may  revoke  teachers'  certificates,    . 

may  sign  teachers'  certificates, 


Section 

18,  19 

19 

19 

19 

19 


19 
18,  20 

82 
247 
249 
248 
249 

200 

note  1 

55 

page  7 

64 

40 

134 

134 

135 

131 

132 

133 
66 
66 


66 

48 

121 
123 

50,  52 

83 

83 
140 
130 
130 

81 
123 
123 
233 


i68 


Board  of  education  may  appoint  school  physician, 

may   appoint    acting  visitor  (see   Acting 

Visitors),      .... 
may  employ  teachers  when  authorized, 

of  music, 
secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  superin- 
tendent to  State  board  of  education, 
State,  constitution  of, 

appointment,  .... 

vacancies,        .... 

how  filled,       .... 

expenses  of ,     . 

quorum,  .... 

may  appoint  secretary, 

may  hire  clerks, 

duties  and  powers, 

superintend  normal  schools, 

enforce    laws    relating   to    attendance   at 

school,  .... 

enforce  laws  relating  to  employment   of 

children,       .... 
examine  and  grant  certificates  to  teachers, 
examine    teachers    for  schools  in  county 

homes,         ..... 
expend    sum    appropriated    for     normal 

schools,         ..... 
appoint  acting  visitor  or  visitors  for  county 

homes,  ..... 

keep  account  of  State  aid  to  libraries,     . 
appoint  a  public  library  committee, 
make  annual  report,  .... 
order  sanitary  changes  in  schoolhouses, 
relieve  towns  from  maintaining  evening 

schools,         ..... 
render  accounts  to  comptroller, 
control  educational  interests  of  state, 
direct  books  to  be  used, 
prescribe  form  of  registers,  . 
expend  necessary  sum  to  perform  duties,   . 
prepare  outline  of  citizenship, 
determine    number    of   pupils  in    normal 

schools,         ..... 
apply  for  high  school  grant, 
State,  apply  for  high  school  conveyance  grant 
apply  for  average  attendance  grant, 
appoint  agents,  .... 

establish  model  schools  at  Normal  Schools, 
hold  teachers'  meetings, 
approve  high  schools, 


Section 
294 

120 

24,  236 
44 


2 
12 

7.  29 

7.  29 
4 

94 

15 

94 
8 

285 
2 

305 

85 
8,9 
2 
2 
2 
9 
3,  43 

13 

74 

78 

249 

6,  7 

16 

2 

72 


169 

Board  of  education,  make  rules  for  county  homes, 

to  be  furnished  with  number  and  names  of 

pupils  attending  high   schools  in  towns 

other  than  those  in  which  they  reside 

test  eyesight,  . 

appoint  an  acting  visitor  at  County  Home 

schools, 
appoint  agents  to  be  superintendents, 
salary 
approve  supervisors, 
Board  of  Relief,  how  constituted,     . 

school  visitors  (see  visitors). 
Bonds,  to  be  given  by  treasurer  and  collector  of  district 
Books  and  apparatus — 

shall  be  approved  by  town  school  committee 
by  school  visitors, 
Boundary  lines  of  districts,  . 

settlement  of,  . 
record  of, 
Boys,  Connecticut  school  for, 
Branches  taught  in  public  schools,  . 
evening  schools, 
in  which  teachers  must  be  examined, 
Bridgeport,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,  .  .       page 

Buildings,  injuries  to, 

Care  and  reformation  of  children,    . 
for  what  children  intended, 
commitment  of  children  to  homes, 
boys,  Connecticut  school  for,  . 

when  boy  is  under  ten  years  of  age, 
United  States  court  may  commit  boys, 
boys  to  remain  at  school  how  long, 
girls,  Connecticut  industrial  school  for, 
appeals, 

fees,      .... 

costs,    .... 

reformatory,  .... 

Certificates,  age,         .... 

penalty  for  false,    . 

who  may  issue, 

must  be  kept  on  file  by  employer, 
state  board  of  education  may  issue, 
parent  shall  exhibit  evidence, 
legal  protection  to  employer, 
Certificates,   teachers, 

given  by  school  visitors, 

by  State  board  of  education, 

must  be  accepted  by  school  officers, 


Section 
94 


74 

5 

94 

140 

140 

137,  133 

191 

176 

126 
126 

148,  149 
149 
149 

325-328 

40 

80 

123 

121-124 
355 

323,  336 

323 

324 

325-328 

326 

327 

328 

329.  332 

333 

334 

335 

337 

25 

23 

25 

25 

26 

26 

27 

4 

123,  233 

4»  234 

4.  234 


170 


Certificates,  teachers,  may  be  revoked,        .  .  71,123, 

of  high  schools, 
must  be  obtained  by  teacher 
Children,  care  and  reformation  of,  . 
instruction  of , 

to  be  educated,  at  home  or  at  school,    . 
to  attend  school  regularly  and  constantly  when  not 

employed, 
under  fourteen,  employment  of, 
under  fourteen,  not  to  be  employed  in  factories  and 
stores,     ...... 

certificate  of  age  of ,  . 

enumeration  of ,     . 

temporarily  residing  in  district,  . 
in  temporary  homes, 
admission  of  non-resident  to  district  schools,    . 
in  districts  where  there  is  no  school,  provision  for, 
dependent  and  neglected,  provision  for, 
imbecile,  provision  for,    .... 

not  to  be  employed  in  exhibitions,  etc., 
not  allowed  in  pool  rooms, 
City  district,  tax  in,   . 
Citizenship,  duties  of,  taught,  .... 

outline  to  be  prepared  by  State  board  of  education 
Classification  of  school  visitors,       .... 

town  school  committee,    . 
Clerk  of  school  district,  compensation, 

election  of ,  .  .  . 

term  of  office, 

must  be  sworn, 

duties  of,   .  .  .  .162 

to  determine  place  of  meeting  when  no 

committee, 
to  give  notice  of  meeting  when  no  com- 
mittee, ..... 

to  enumerate  children  if  committee  fail, 
to  report  names  of  school  officers  to 

school  visitors, 
if  district  is  in  two  towns  notice  must  be 
sent  to  both  secretaries, 

penalty  for  failure  to  comply, 
to  furnish  access  to  records, 
Clothing,  lack  of,  excuse  for  non-attendance, 
Collector,  election,      .... 

duties  of ,    . 
to  give  bonds, 
term  of  office, 
Committee,  high  school,  see  high  schools. 


Section 

233.  234 

71 

235 

323-336 

18 

18 

18 

22 

24 

25 

24I,  242 

24I 

241 
182 
262 
323 
336 

353 

362 

260 

3.  43 

3,43 

no 

203 

168 

170 

170 

170 

165,  173 

161 

162 
241 

173 

173 
173 
177 
19 
170 

175 
176 
170 


171 


Section 


Committee,  town,  see  school  committee. 

district,  see  district  committee. 

in  con  solidated  districts ,  see  town  school  committee,  202 

library,   .......  126 

supervision  district,  see  Supervision. 

Complaints,  non-attendance,             .            .            .            .            .  19 

Comptroller,  to  audit  expenses  of  state  board  of  education,      .  9 

accounts  of  state  library  money,   .  8 

accounts  of  normal  schools,            .            .  15 

accounts  of  agents,              ...  29 

accounts  of  public  libraries,            .            .  292 
to  draw  orders  in  favor  of  districts  having  a  board 

of  education,      .....  67 

to  distribute  income  of  school  fund  and  annual 

state  appropriation,       ....  246 

to  draw  orders  in  favor  of  town  supporting  evening 

schools,    ......  83 

to  draw  order  for  high  school  tuition  fees,  .            .  74 

to  draw  order  for  conveyance  grant,            .            .  78 

to  withhold  school  dividend  if  hygiene  not  taught,  46 

may  make  deduction  from  public  money,   .            .  250 

sue  for  misapplied  money,         .            .            .  251 

deduct  forfeiture,            .            .            .            .  119 

returns  to,        .  .  .  .  .        127,  243,  246 

Compulsory  education,          .            .            .            .            .            .  18 

Condemnation  of  land  for  school  purposes,  .  220  (see  184-186) 

Consolidation  of  districts,     .            .            .            .            .            .  199 

towns  may  vote,            .            .            .  199 

by  ballot,       .            .  200 

at  annual  meeting,  200 

form  of  ballot,          .  200 

method  of  procedure,  200 
vote  takes  effect  when,         201 

pay  expenses  of  schools,          .  212 


committee,  first, 

subsequent, 
election, 
qualifications,    . 
minority  representation, 
term  of  office,    . 
committee,  number,  how  determined 
classification, 
powers  and  duties,       205 
adjustment  of  property  and  debts, 
appraisement,    . 
payment, 
permanent  funds,  management  of, 
joint  districts,  notice  of  abolition  of, 
mode  of  paying  debts, 


202 
203 
202 
202 
203 
203 
202 
203 
and  note. 
206 
206 
208 
210 
213 
215 


172 


Section 

Consolidation  of  districts,  joint,  mode  of  collecting  taxes, 

216 

libraries,  school,        .... 

211 

expenses,  how  paid, 

212 

abandonment  after  five  years, 

201 

when  takes  effect,     . 

217 

districts,  reimbursement  of  town  for  expenses, 

218 

town  committee  becomes  Board  of 

School  Visitors,     . 

219 

effect  of  vote  to  reestablish, 

217 

condemnation  of  land  for  school  purposes, 

220  (see 

184-186) 

Constables,  special,  to  arrest  for  truancy, 

39 

appointed  by  selectmen,          .... 

39 

nominated  by  school  visitors, 

39 

may  arrest  for  disturbance  of  schools, 

39 

for  disturbance  of  school  meetings, 

39 

for  damage  to  school  property,  . 

39 

County  Homes,  schools  in,   .            .            ..          .            .          V 

90-100 

Conveyance  (see  Transportation). 

Crimes,            ........ 

353-363 

offenses  against  the  person,  ..... 

353 

public  property,  .... 

355,  356 

public  peace  and  safety, 

357,  358 

public  policy,       .... 

359-363 

Darien,            ........ 

page  126 

Damages,  assessment  of,  when  taking  land  for  site  of  school- 

house,       ........ 

185,  186 

Danbury,  special  act  relating  to  schools,    . 

page  124 

Dependent  and  neglected  children,  homes,  how  provided, 

323 

Deposit  fund,  town,  ....... 

269-278 

income  of  paid  to  town  treasury,  .... 

252 

Derby  School  District,  special  act  relating  to  schools,     .      pages  127-132 

Distribution  of  public  money,          ..... 

246 

Districts,  duties  and  powers, 

147 

how  formed, 

1            .            .            .            . 

145 

united, 

.                         . 

145 

altered, 

. 

145 

dissolved, 

145 

divided, 

. 

146 

are  corporations,    . 

. 

147 

powers,  maybe  sued, 

. 

147 

hold  real  estate, 

.... 

147 

hold  personal  property,   .... 

147 

build  schoolhouses,           .... 

147 

establish  schools,             .... 

147 

purchase  school  apparatus, 

147 

maintain  school  library,  .... 

147 

employ  teachers, 

147 

173 


istricts,  power,  pay  wages,            .... 

147 

lay  taxes,  ..... 

147 

conduct  schools,    .... 

1        147 

boundary  lines,       ..... 

148 

record  of, 

148 

settlement  of ,    . 

149 

alteration  or  abolition  of, 

145 

parts  of  districts, 

145 

disposition  of  funds, 

153 

notice, 

150 

consolidation  of ,    . 

153 

division  of,              ..... 

146 

lying  in  two  or  more  towns, 

146 

settlement  of  proportions  of  indebtedness  of 

154 

power  of  Superior  Court  in  premises, 

155 

employment  and  payment  of  teachers  by, 

147 

enumeration  in, 

197,  241 

expenses  to  be  paid  by  town,       . 

256,  258 

first  meeting,  how  called, 

54 

formation,  alteration,  and  dissolution,   . 

145 

notice  of, 

150 

formation,  alteration,  and  dissolution,  appeal  to  Supe 

rior  Court, 

151 

procedure,    . 

152 

funds  and  property  on  consolidation  or  division, 

153 

jurisdiction  over,  if  lying  in  several  towns, 

157 

may  establish  kindergarten  schools, 

41 

may  take  land  for  site  of  schoolhouse,    . 

184 

may  require  bond  of  treasurer  and  collector,     . 

176 

may  establish  kindergarten, 

41 

meetings,     ...... 

160,  196 

when  held, 

160 

where  held,        .... 

161 

notice  of,            ...            . 

162 

what  to  specify, 

162 

check  list  for  voting  in, 

166 

legal  voters  in,  . 

163 

penalty  for  illegal  vote, 

169 

inmates  of  almshouse  cannot  vote,    . 

164 

conduct  of,        .            .            .            .       • 

165 

adjournment,    .... 

166 

registry  list,       . 

165 

vote  by  ballot,  how  ordered  and  taken, 

166 

•   meetings,  special,  to  vote  by  ballot, 

167 

may  choose  own  moderator,. 

169 

annual,  for  election  of  officers, 

170 

neglect  to  maintain  school, 

178 

receive  no  State  aid  in  such  case, 

178 

officers,        ...... 

170 

174 


Districts,  officers,  names  to  be  reported  by  clerk  to  school  visitors 
records  of ,  . 

penalty  for  refusing  access  to, 
boundary  lines, 
situated  in  different  towns,  money  how  distributed 
committee  shall  employ  teachers  when  authorized, 
may  appoint  school  physician, 
schoolhouse  must  be  satisfactory  to  board  of  school 
visitors,     .... 

schoolhouse  plan  must  be  approved  by  board  of  school 
visitors,     .... 

site,  how  changed,    . 
may  be  used  for  other  purposes  than  school 
non-resident  pupils  in, 
extra  expenses,  incurred  by, 
formed  from  school  society, 
registry  list, 

school  in,  not  kept  according  to  law, 
tax  in  city,  ...... 

time  of  payment  to, 
voters  in,     . 

warnings,  power  of  Superior  Court, 
to  receive  no  State  or  town  money  unless  report  made 
to  school  visitors,    .... 

nor  unless  a  suitable  schoolhouse  provided, 
under  act  of  1841,  ..... 

joint,  situated  in  different  towns, 

provision  to  be  made  for  scholars  when  no  school, 

union  of  small,       ..... 

District  committee,  election  of, 

must  have  a  majority, 
duties  of ,         . 
enumeration  of  children  by, 

to  be  reported  to  school  visitors 
limitation  of  power,    . 
must  be  resident  of  district, 
names  to  be  reported  to  State  board  of  edu 
cation,      .... 

in  large  districts,  number  of, 

how  chosen, 
penalty  for  failure  to  call  district  meeting 
term  of  office, 

in  larger  districts, 
visitation  of  schools  by, 
vacancies  filled  by  school  visitors,  . 
may  call  special   meetings    of    abolished 
districts,    .... 

agent  ex  officio  of  district,     . 


Section 
173 
148 

1/7 

148 

265,  266 

124,  236 

294 

179 

180 
1S1 
183 
182 
266 
64 
165 
250 
260 
258 
163,  164 
151 

264 
179 
156 
157 
262 
262 
170 
172 
196,  197 
241 

197 
198 
170 

129 
171 
171 
196 
170 
171 
196 
174 

214 

144,  195 


175 


District  committee,  powers  and  duties  : 

give  notice  of  meetings, 

special, 
provide  school  rooms, 
visit  schools,    . 
provide  text-books,    . 
suspend  incorrigible  pupils,  . 
report  to  the  board  of  school  visitors, 
limitation  of  power  to  make  contracts 
may  employ  teacher, 
shall  not  employ  teacher  beyond  term  of 

office, 

majority  required  to  elect,     . 
vacancies  in  large  districts,  how  filled, 

Ecclesiastical  society,  land  of,  not  to  be  taken  for  site  of  school 

house,        .... 
Elections,  city  and  town,  how  contested, 
Election  of  district  officers,  failure,  . 

school  officers,         .... 

Employer  must  obtain  certificate  for  children  over  fourteen  and 

under  sixteen, 

keep  on  file  certificate  of  age,     . 

show  certificate  to  the  secretary  or  agent  of  the  State 

board  of  education, 

penalty  for  failure  to  have  age  certificate, 

Employment  of    children  under  fourteen,    forbidden    during 

school  hours, 

penalty,  .... 

prohibited  in  certain  establishments, 

Employment  of  children  in  non-lawful  occupations, 

Enumeration  of  children,  by  district  committee, 

in  joint  districts, 

by  school  visitor  or  person  appointed 

by  school  visitors, 
by  town  school  committee, 
fees  for,  .... 
form  of  return  to  school  visitors 
correction  of  return,     . 
certificate    to  Comptroller  by  school 

visitors, 
penalty  for  refusing  to  give  age  of 

child, 
in  county  homes, 
Estimate,  of  cost  of  schools  for  each  year  by  school  visitors  and 

selectmen,  .... 

Evening  schools,  towns  may  establish, 

towns  having  ten  thousand  or  more  inhabitants 
must  establish,  . 


Section 

162,  196 
196 
196 
196 
196 
196 

197,  264 
198 


22 

22 
24 

359 
IQ7>  241 


256 

80,  84 

80 


176 


Evening  schools,  attendance  compulsory  at, 
law  as  to,  how  enforced, 
all  three  school  visitors  shall  supervise, 
returns  to  Comptroller,   . 
branches,  ..... 
petition  for  high  school  branches, 
duties  of  school  officers,  . 
state  grant  to, 

state  grant  to,  method  of  obtaining,     . 
number  of  sessions, 
towns   may  be   relieved    from    establishing 

when,     ..... 
report  of  to  state  board  of  education,  . 
Examination,  of  teachers  by  school  visitors, 

State  board  of  education,    . 
town  school  committee, 
board  of  education, 
Excuses,  legal,  for  non-attendance,  lack  of  clothing, 

mental  or  physical  disability 
Exits  from  public  buildings,  .... 

Expenses,  of  teachers'  meetings,     .... 
schools  in  consolidated  districts, 

under  town  management,    . 
in  city  school  districts,     . 
of  maintaining  schools,    . 
estimates  of, 

in  excess  of  appropriation, 
Expulsion  of  pupils,  . 

Eyesight,  tests  prepared  by  state  board  of  education, 
used  by  teachers  when, 
may  be  examined  by  school  physician, 


Section 
62 
82 
81 

83 
80 
80 
81 

83 
83 
83 

85 

83 

123 

4 

205 

123 

29 

19 

315,  3i8 

2 

212 

230 

259 

260,  258 

256 

258 

196 

5 

5 

297 


Factories,  inspection  of  by  school  visitors  or  school  committee 
Fees,  of  assessors  of  taxes,  .... 
magistrates  on  prosecution  of  vagrants,  . 
school  visitors,  for  enumeration  of  children, 
officers,  for  arresting  truants, 
Fire  escapes,  .... 
Flag,  exercises  to  be  held,    . 
Flags,  to  be  provided  by  selectmen, 
penalty  for  not  furnishing,   . 
foreign  not  to  be  displayed, . 

penalty 
Forfeitures,  for  delay  in  making  returns, 

for  making  fraudulent  certificate, 
misapplication  of  school  moneys 
neglect  to  support  schools, 
of  clerk  to  furnish  access  to  records,  penalty 


30 
191 

36 
241 

35 

316 

56 

57 

58 

363 

363 

118,  119 

268 

251 
261 
171 


177 

Forfeitures,  of  clerk  to  report  names  of  district  officers  to  school 
visitors,  penalty, 
by  selectmen  for  failure  to  provide  flags, 
if  schools  not  kept  according  to  law, 
remitted  by  secretary  of  State  board  of  education 
Form,  of  return  of  enumeration  by  a  committee,  . 

school  visitor, 
certificate  of  school  visitors  to  comptroller, 
Fraudulent  certificates,  ..... 

Funds,  school,  disposition  of  on  alteration  of  districts,     . 
disposition  of  on  abolition  of  districts, 

repeal  of  vote  of  abolition, 
income  of  society  or  district, 
town  deposit  fund, 
permanent,  treasurer  to  be  elected, 


Section 


173 
58 
10 

267 
242 

243 

246 

268 
153 

210 

217 
253 
271 

59 


252, 


Girls'  Connecticut  Industrial  School  (see  Connecticut  Industrial 

School  for  Girls), 

vagrant,  committed  to  Connecticut  Industrial  School  at 

request  of  parent  or  guardian, 

procedure  (see  Truants). 

Governor  shall  designate  arbor,  bird,  and  flag  day, 

Graded  schools,  may  be  established,  .  .  .         147 

Grant,  high  school,    . 

amount  of, 

procedure  for  obtaining, 

conveyance, 

amount, 

procedure  for  obtaining 
library,  school, 
public, 
evening  school, 
enumeration, 
average  attendance,  . 

method  of  payment, 
supervision,  .  .  .  .  .136 

trained  teacher, 
Greenwich,     .  .  . 

Groton,  .... 

Hartford,         .... 
Health,  .... 

officer,  county,  powers  and  duties 

town, 
examination  of  children  as  to, 
school  physician, 
High  school,  subjects  may  be  taught  in  evening  schools 
town  may  establish,   . 


329-332 


332 


55,  56 

,  205 

224 

72 

73 

74 

76 

77 

78 

239 

290, 

291 

83 

246 

247 

249 

.  139, 

141 

17 

page 

132 

page 

132 

page  132 

293- 

-307 

301, 

303 

298 

296 

294-299 

80 

69 

i78 


High  school,  committee  of ,  . 

elected  by  ballot, 
number, 
tie, 

vacancies,  how  filled, 
may  employ  teachers  when  author 
ized, 
duties  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee 
powers  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee 
over, 

shall  superintend, 

examine  teachers 
give  certificates, 
visit  schools, 
revoke  certificates 
state  aid  for  library,  . 
support  of ,        . 
town    not    maintaining    high     school    may    pay 
tuition  fees  of  children  in  non-local  school,  when, 
tuition  fees,        ..... 

paid  by  town  treasurer,  . 
cost  of  conveyance  to,  . 

approved  by  state  board  of 
education  for  conveyance 
grant, 
endowed,  state  board  of  education  may  examine, 
state  board  of  education  may  approve, 
incorporated,  state  board  of  education  may  ex 
amine, 
state  board  of  education  may  ap 
prove, 
Huntington,      ..... 
Hygiene,  examination  in,       . 
must  be  taught, 

must  be  taught  in  normal  schools, 
not  to  be  taught  in  high  schools, 
penalty  for  failure  to  teach, 

Imbeciles,  school  for,  .... 
Improvements,  towns  must  be  reimbursed  for, 
Incidentals,      ..... 

money  raised  to  secure  state  aid  for  library, 

expended  for  books  for  indigent  pupil 
Industrial  School  for  Girls,  who  may  be  sent  to,     . 

what  authority  may  commit, 
Instruction  of  children,  .... 

agent  to  secure, 
Irregularity  of  attendance,     .... 


Section 
70 
70 
70 
70 
71 

123 
116 

71 
71 
71 
71 
71 
71 
239 
69 

72 
72 
72 
74 


74 
73 
73 

73 

73 

page  137 

123 

45 

45 
45 
46 

336 

217 

256,  258 

239 

196 

33.  332 

332 

18 

6 

18 


1/9 

Janitors,  may  be  appointed  constables  by  selectmen, 
Joint  board  of  school  visitors  and  selectmen: 

action  if  expenditure  exceeds  appropriation, 

action  if  expenses  unnecessary  and  extravagant, 

meeting  of , 

notify  committees  of  estimated  cost, 

fix  wages  of  teachers,     . 
incidental  expenses,  . 

notify  districts  of  estimates, 

records  of,  ... 

appropriation  by  to  joint  districts,. 
Justice  of  the  peace,  prosecution  of  truants  before, 

Kindergarten  schools,  may  be  established,  . 
who  may  attend, 


Section 
39 

258 
263 
254 
254 
259 
256 

254 
257 
266 

34 


41 
41 


Labor,  child,  see  employment. 

Law,  school  kept  according  to,  .  .  .  .       128, 

to  be  maintained,  required  by, 
of  higher  order  than  is  required  by 
Leaving  certificates,    .... 

granted  by  school  officers,  . 
Libraries,  penalties  for  injuries  to  books,    . 
school,  account  of  state  aid  to,     . 
committee, 

duties, 
establishment  of,  . 
expenses  incurred  by  districts  reckoned  among 

incidental  expenses, 
selection  of  books  for, 
state  aid  to, 

based  upon  actual  attendance 
in  consolidated  districts,  . 
supervision    of,   by   school  visitors,   or  town 
school  committee,  .  .  .116 

joint  board  may  appropriate  money, 
town  school  committee  may  appropriate  money 
appropriation  expended  by  committee, 
books  and  apparatus  property  of  town, 
public, 

establishment, 
appropriation  to,    . 
gifts  to,       . 
directors,     . 
directors,  election  of, 

women  eligible  to  board 
state  grant  to,        . 


250,  258 

256 

263 

20 

20 

356 

8 

126 

126 

H7 

239 
239 
239 
239 
211 

239,  240 
240 
240 
240 
227,  240 
279.  290 
290 
280 
282 
283 
2S4 
288 
290 


i8o 


Library  committee,  Connecticut  public,  constitution  of, 

expenses  of, 
duties, 

women  eligible  to, 
reports  to, 
expenditure  for  free  public  libra- 
ries,   . 
shall  report  to  the  governor, 
state  treasurer  shall  pay  bills  of, 


2S6 


Section 
285 
285 
287 
288 
2S9 

291 
286 
292 


Matron,  may  be  appointed,  .... 

Maintenance  of  public  schools  in  consolidated  towns, 
Majority  required  to  elect  district  officers,  . 
Manchester,  ninth  district,  special  act  relating  to  schools, 
Manufactories,  inspection  of,  by  school  officers, 
Meetings,  district  (see  district  meetings). 

penalty  for  disturbing,      .... 
Minors,  not  to  loiter  or  play  in  billiard  or  pool  rooms, 
Model  primary  schools,  at  normal  schools,  . 
Moderator,  chosen  in  district  meetings, 

powers  of,  ..... 

penalty  for  neglect  to  make  return, 

Music,  towns  may  direct  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee 

to  employ  teacher  of,  ...  . 

salary  of  teachers,       ..... 

towns  shall  pay  salary,  .... 


299 

212 

172 

page  137 

30 

358 

362 

16 

169 

34i 
166 

44 
44 
44 


Narcotics,  effects  of,  taught,  .... 

examination  in  effects  of, 
Naugatuck,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  . 
New  Britain,  special  act  relating  to  schools, 
New  Canaan,   ...... 

New  Haven,  special  acts  relating  to  schools, 
New  London,  special  acts  relating  to  schools, 

Thames  College,         .... 

Normal  School,  annual  appropriation, 

state  board  of  education  shall  maintain, 
maintenance,  .... 

training  schools,  condition  concerning,    . 

agreement    to    establish    au 
thorized, 
number  of  pupils,  rules  concerning  admission, 
tuition  gratuitous,  .... 

persons  admitted  must  declare  intention  to  teach 
in  state,     ..... 

town  school  officers  send  names  of  suitable  can 

didates, 
funds  expended  by  state  board  of  education, 


45 

123 

page  138 

page  139 

page  140 

page  141-149 

page  149-154 

page  152 

12 

12 

12 

12 


12 
13 
13 

13 

14 
15 


i8i 


Normal  School,  appointment  of  teachers, 

account  filed  semiannually  with  comptroller, 

report  to  the  governor  annually, 

model  schools  established  by  state  board  of  edu 

cation, 
must  teach  hygiene, 

one  student  from  each  town  maintained  therein 
Norwalk,  special  act  relating  to  schools,      . 
Norwich,  Central  district,  special  act  relating  to  schools, 
North  Stonington, 
Notice,  of  district  meeting,     . 

proposition  to  form,  alter,  or  unite  school  districts, 
abolition  of  district,  .... 

Nurse,  may  be  appointed, 


Section 
15 
15 
15 

16 

45 

17 

page  154 

Page  155 

Page  155 

162 

150 

213 

299 


Oath,  of  clerk,  ..... 

person  enumerating  children, 
school  visitors  to  returns,     .... 
may  be  administered  by  school  visitors, 
Offenses,  against  public  property,     .... 
policy,         .... 
peace  and  safety,  . 
the  person,  .... 

health  and  safety, 
Orange,  Union  school  district  of,  special  act  relating  to  schools 

Parents,  must  cause  children  to  attend,       .  ... 

must  cause  children  to  be  instructed  in  certain  subjects, 
must  cause   children  over    fourteen  to   attend  when 

notified  by  town  school  officers, 
notice  of  infectious  disease  to  be  given  to, 
shall  make  oath  td  age  of  child,     .... 

shall  supply  evidence  of  age,  .... 

penalties  for  failure  to  instruct  children,  . 

false  statement  concerning  age  of  child,   . 
to  be  notified  of  hearing  in  truancy  cases, 
Paupers,  what  may  vote  in  district  meeting, 
Penalties,  for  not  instructing  children  under  one's  care,   . 

employment  of  children  under  fourteen  during  school 
hours,       ....... 

employment  of  children  under  fourteen  in  factories 
and  stores,  ...... 

failure  to  have  age  certificates  of  children  under  16, 
illegal  employment  of  children,    .... 

false  statement  as  to  age  of  children  by  parents, 

refusal  to  give  name  and  age  of  child,    . 

delay  in  making  returns,  ..... 

illegal  voting  at  district  meetings, 

refusing  to  accept  school  office  or  perform  its  duties, 


170  note 
242 
243 
133 

.  355,  356 

•  359-362 

•  357,  358 

•  346,  354 
.    317-322 

page  155 

18 
18 

20 
298 
25 
25 
19 
23 
36 
164 
19 

22 

25 

25 

27 

23 

245 

118 

169 

170 


182 


Section 

173 

177 

196 

261,  264 


Penalties,  failure  to     report  names  of    district    committees   to 
school  visitors,     ...... 

refusing  access  to  school  records, 

failure  to  call  district  meeting,     .... 

failure  to  support  schools, 
fraudulent  certificate  by  a  school  visitor  or  town  school 

committee,           ......  26S 

for  selectmen's  neglecting  to  provide  flag,          .            .  58 
for  false  testimony  by  women  as  to  qualifications  for 

voting,      .......  345 

injuries  to  schoolhouse,     .            .            .            .            .  355 

employing  children  in  exhibitions,  etc.,              .            .  353 

permitting  minors  in  pool  room,              .            .            .  362 
interrupting  schools,          .            .            .            .            -357 

Physicians,  school  appointment  of,  ...       293,  294,  295 

duties,       .......  295 

children  to  be  referred  to  for  examination,      .            .  296 

Physiology  and  Hygiene,  text-books,           ....  45 

instruction  in,      .            .            .            .  45 

teachers  must  pass  examination  in,     .  123 

penalty  if  not  taught,     ...  46 

Plurality  elects  town  officers,             .....  102 

does  not  elect  district  committee,              .            .            .  172 

Police,  may  arrest  truants,     .."....  33 

Police  Court,  prosecution  of  truants  before,             ...  32 

Pool-rooms,  minors  not  permitted  in,            .            .            .             .  362 

Private  schools,  attendance  at,          .            .            .            .            .  21 

must  keep  registers,            .            .            .            .  21 

prescribed  by  state  board  of  educa- 
tion,   .            .            .            .            .  21 

subject    to    inspection    by  agent   of 

state  board  of  education,    .            .  21 

must  make  reports  and  returns,    .♦          .            .  21 

no  financial  report,      .            .            .  21 

Privies  required,           .......  307 

construction,  .......  307 

Probate   Courts,   may  commit  girls  to   Connecticut  industrial 

school,    ......  332 

Public  money,  how  drawn,    .            .            .            .             .            ,  128 

annual  appropriation  and  distribution,       .            .  246 

how  paid  when  districts  lie  in  several  towns,        .  265 

withheld  if  district  has  no  schoolhouse,      .            .  179 

district  committee  fail  to  re- 

9     port  to  school  visitors,          .  264 

misapplication  of ,  penalty  for,         .            .            .  251 

Pupils,  how  admitted  to  normal  schools,      .            .            .            .  13,  14 

disobedient  may  be  suspended  or  expelled,             .            .  196 

poor  may  have  books  provided,        ....  196 

non-resident,  may  be  admitted  to  school  when,     .            .  182 


1 83 

Records,  of  districts  to  be  opened  to  inspection, 

pertaining  to  schools,   to    be    preserved    and    trans- 
mitted,      .... 

of  town,  to  contain  district  bounds, 

district  bounds,   . 
town  school  committee, 
board  of  school  visitors, 
Reform  school,  who  may  be  sent  to, 

what  authority  may  commit, 
Reformation,  of  children, 
Reformatory,    ..... 

Registers,    for  schools,  form  of,  prescribed  by  state  board  of 
education, 
kept  by  teachers, 
returned  by  teachers, 
supplied  to  private  schools, 
Registry  lists,  how  prepared, 

compensation  for  preparing, 
Report,  to  Governor  by  state  board  of  education 

Secretary  of  state  board  of  education,  by  agent 

school  visitors, 
by  town  school  committee, 
board  of  education, 
school  visitors,  by  acting  visitors, 

district  committees, 
towns,  by  secretary  of  board  of  visitors  or  town  school 
committee,  .  .  .  .  .  .118 

towns,  by  school  committees,      ....  205,  224 

school  visitors  and  selectmen,  .  .  256 

districts  by  board  of  education,  ....  64 

libraries,  to  Connecticut  public  library  committee,     .  389 

normal  school  to  Governor,         .  .  .  .  15 

on  oath  before  school  officers,     .  .  .  .133 

Returns  (see  Blanks). 

to  comptroller  by  district  boards  of  education,    .  .  66 

school  visitors,  .  .  .    83,  127 

form  of,  ...  243,  246 

to  be  lodged  with  town  treas- 
urers, .  .  .  243 
school  visitors  by  district  committee,        .            .            .  197 

correction  of,        .  241 

what  included  in,  127 

public  money  withheld'  if  returns  not  made,        .  .  264 

Revocation  of  teachers'  certificates,  .  .  .  .  12, 


Safety,  public, 

Salary  of  superintendent, 


.      134 

part  to  be  paid  by  supervision  district 


Section 

177 

132 

54 

148 

118 

118 

325-327 

325-327 

323,  324 

337 

2 

238 

238 

21 

165,  166 

168 

2 

6 

118 

118 

66 

120 

197 


293-307 

138,  140 

136 


1 84 

Section 
Salary  of  teachers,  when  to  be  paid,  .  .  .  .  258 

Sanitation,      ........     293-307 

of  schoolhouses,  .....  305 

penalty  if  inadequate,  .....  306 

Saybrook,        .......  page  156 

Scholars,  admission  of  nonresident,  ....  182 

indigent,  may  be  furnished  with  books,  .  .      49,  196 

returns  of,  between  certain  ages,  .  .  .  127 

suspension  or  expulsion  of,  ...  .  198 

Schools,  branches  taught  in,  .  .  .  .  .  40 

must  be  maintained,  .....  40 

how  long  annually,  .  .  40 

open  to  children  over  five,  ....  40 

over  four  in  certain  cases,        .  .  40 

neglect  of  district  to  keep,  .  .  .  .     178,  261 

union  of  small,        ......  262 

penalty  for  disturbing,       .  .  .  .  .  357 

when  discontinued,  provision  for  the  children,  .  .  262 

visitation  of,  .  .  .  .  .  .  120 

by  committee,  .  .  .  .  196 

kindergarten,  .  .  .  .  .  .  41 

evening,       .  .  .  .  .  .  .        80,  84 

trade,  .......        86-89 

for  boys,  truants  may  be  committed  to,  .  .  .  34 

School  books  (see  Text-Books). 
School  committees,  town,     ......    205,  223 

meetings  of,  how  called,  .  .  117 

secretary,  duties  of,      .  .        118,  224,  230 

appoint  acting  visitor,  .         120,121,224 

examine  teachers,         ...  123 

cannot  be  employed  as  teacher,  .  125 

approve  library  books  and  apparatus,  126 

make  returns  of  persons  over  four  and 

under  sixteen, 
return   to   State  board  of  education 
the  names  and  addresses  of  teachers 
hear  parents  when  school  accommoda 

tions  not  furnished,   . 
select  books  for  libraries, 
make  rules  for  management  of  books 
shall  superintend  high  schools, 

evening  schools, 
inspect  factories, 
may  consent  to  attendance  in  non-local 

high  schools,  . 
may  consent  to  conveyance,    . 
may  appoint  superintendent,  .        134 

may  fix  salary,    . 
may  organize  supervision  district, 


127 

12,  129 

50,  52 

239 

239 

7i 

81 

30 

72 

76 

138,  224 

134,  138 

135 


i85 


School  committees,  town,  may  admit  to  school  children  over 
four,     ..... 
may  purchase  and  loan  text-books  to 
pupils, 
may  make  regulations, 
may  prescribe  studies, 
must  choose  officers,     . 
must  prescribe  rules,    . 
must  prescribe  text-books, 
must  superintend  school  libraries, 
must  approve  plans  for  schoolhouses 
must  superintend   high  and  graded 

schools, 

must  certify  average  number  attend 

ing  evening  schools  to  comptroller 

must     certify    to    comptroller    that 

schools  have  been  kept  according 

to  law, 

must  report  to  State  board  of  educa 

tion  concerning  evening  schools, 
must  report  to  town,     . 
secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  super 
intendent  to  State    board  of  edu 
cation, 
may  petition  for  superintendent, 
may  prescribe  supplementary  books, 
may  require  children  to  be  vaccinated 
shall  preserve  books  and  documents 
may  administer  oath,    . 
may  appoint  school  physicians, 
two-thirds  vote  of  to  change  text-books 
officers,  .... 
School  fund,  distribution  of  income  of ,       . 

to  districts  lying  in  two 

or  more  towns, 
to  towns  forming  single 
districts 

distribution  of  income  of,  to  districts  formed  from 
societies 
Schoolhouse,  authority  of  districts  as  to,  . 
construction  of, 
is  a  public  building,    . 
change  of  site  of, 
fixing  site  for, 

must  be  kept  to  satisfaction  of  school  visitors, 
penalty  for  injuring,  .... 
plans  must  be  approved  by  school  visitors, 
support  withdrawn  from  districts  having  none, 


Seotion 


40 


67 
147 
308-313 
306 
181 
181 
179 
355 
180 

179 


1 86 


Schoolhouse,  taking  land  for  site,   .  .  .  .184, 

land  of  ecclesiastical  society  not  to  be  taken, 

use  of,  out  of  school  hours  decided  by  district, 

to  be  provided  with  safe  exits, 

to  be  kept  clean  and  wholesome, 

to  be  well  ventilated,  .... 

Schoolhouses,  licenses  to  sell  intoxicating  liquors  within  two 

hundred  feet  of,  not  to  be  granted, 
School  money,  misapplication  of ,    . 
School  societies  (see  Societies,  school). 
School  visitors  (see  Visitors,  school). 
School  year,  begins  July  15,  ends  July  14, 

length  of  term  in  weeks, 
Secretary  of  the  board  of  visitors,      .... 

state  board  of  education,  how  appointed, 

may  remit  forfeitures  in  certain  cases, 
report  to  Comptroller  list  of  delinquent  towns 
draw  orders  for  library  money, 
furnish  blanks  and  registers  to  private  schools, 
may  inspect  registers  of  private  schools, 
Selectmen,  duties  and  powers,  ...  54,  note 

to  draw  order  on  treasurer  for  payment  of  bills  for 
text-books  bought  by  acting  visitor  for  indigent 
children,         ..... 

hear  appeal  from  town  school  officers, 
may  require  school  officers  to  make  legal  arrange 
ments,     ...... 

shall  manage  town  property  pertaining  to  schools, 
cause  boundary  lines  of  districts  to  be  recorded 
call  first  meeting  in  new  district, 
must  approve  commitment  of  truants,  . 
may  allow  fees  for  arresting  truants,    . 
may  appoint  special  constables  to  arrest  truants, 
must  leave  warning  of  town  meeting  with  town  clerk 
determine  number  of  town  school  committee, 
to  furnish  flag,      .... 

duties  in  connection  with  debts  of  district, 
joint  board  with  school  visitors, 
Sentence,  suspension  of , 
Sheriffs,  may  arrest  truants,  .... 

Site  for  schoolhouse,  fixing,   .... 

appeal  to  superior  court, 

taking  land  for, 

land   of    ecclesiastical    society    not    to  be 

taken  for,      . 

Small  schools,  discontinuance  of ,      . 

Societies,  ecclesiastical,  land  of,   may  not  be  taken  for  site  of 

schoolhouse,       .... 

school,  transfer  of  property  and  obligations, 


Section 
185,  186 
187 
183 
315-318 
304 
304 

314 
251 


255 
40 

I 

10 
II,  119 

239 
21 
21 

page  35 


49 
5i 

51 
54 
54 
54 
34 
35 
39 
60 

202 
57 

215 

254 
19 
33 

181 
185,  186 
184,  220 

187 
262 

187 
61 


i87 


Societies,  school,  records  of,  ... 

property  of , 
debts  and  obligations, 
organized  under  the  act  of  1855,  become  school 
districts,  .... 

choose  board  of  education, 
duties  and  powers  of  districts  so  organized 
apportionment  of  public  money  to, 
board  of  education  of ,     . 
South  Windsor,         ...  ... 

Special  acts  relating  to  towns,  Ansonia,     . 

Bridgeport, 

Danbury,     . 

Darien, 

Derby, 

Greenwich , 

Groton, 

Hartford,     . 

Huntington, 

Manchester,  Ninth  district, 

Naugatuck, 

New  Britain, 

New  Canaan, 

New  Haven, 

New  London, 

Thames  College, 

Norwalk,     . 

North  Stonington, 

Norwich,  Central  district, 

Orange,  Union  school  district  of 

Saybrook,    ... 

South  Windsor, 

Voluntown, 

Waterbury, 

Westville,   . 

Weston, 

Wilton,  Weston  and  Redding, 

Woodbridge, 

Spitting,  ..••••• 

Statistics,  town  school  committee,  . 
board  of  school  visitors,  . 
Studies,  to  be  taught  in  public  schools, 
Superintendent  of  schools,    . 

how  appointed,  . 

duties,  •    . 

compensation,  fixed  by  the  town, 


Section 

62 

63,65 


64 

64 

64 

67 

66 

page  157 

118 

121 

124 

126 

127 

132 

132 

132 

137 

137 

138 

139 
140 
141 

149 
152 
154 
155 
155 
155 
156 
157 
157 
158 
162 
162 
162 
163 
320-322 
118 


134. 

134: 


118 
40 

138 

138 


salary  of, 
duties  of, 


134 


121, 

121, 

121,  134,  I38 
121,  122,  I34, 
I38,   I40 

136,   138,  I40 

134.   138,  HO 


i88 


Superintendent  of  schools,  majority  vote  to  elect, 

134 

Superintendent,  employed  by  supervision  committee, 

135 

salary,         .... 

136 

eligibility,  .... 

137 

Supervising  agent,     ..... 

140 

Supervision  district,  how  organized, 

135 

of  schools,          .... 

134-143 

Supplementary  reading  prescribed, 

130 

Supplies,  free,            ..... 

47 

Superior  Court,  appeal  to,  from  proceedings  relating  to 

forma- 

tion,  etc.,  of  school  districts,    . 

149 

proceedings  to  take  land  for  sites   of 

school- 

houses,    .... 

185 

proceedings  in  case  of  consolidation  c 

)f   joint 

districts,    .... 

220 

Support  of  schools,     ..... 

241 

-249 

high  schools,     . 

69 

Support  of  schools,  tax  under  average  attendance  law, 

248 

forfeiture  for  neglect  by  town, 

261 

Suspension  from  school,        .... 

196 

Taxes,  collectors  of,  .            .            .            ... 

170, 

174 

,  175 

districts  may  levy,     .... 

147 

by  city  districts,        .... 

260 

assessors,        ..... 

190 

.  194 

school  districts,          .... 

146 

on  what  assessment  list  laid, 

194,  note  1 

school  district,  mode  of  assessment, 

188 

,  194 

of  real  estat 

e  lying 

partly  in  a 

nd  part- 

ly  out  of  a 

iistrict, 

190 

omission  from  town  list,    . 

192 

clerical  omissions  corrected, 

193 

owned  by  town, 

189 

board  of  relief, 

191 

deductions  for  indebtedness, 

191 

change  of  title  after  completion  o 

f  grand 

list, 

193 

abolished  districts,    .... 

215 

selectmen  shall  collect, 

216 

town  for  high  schools, 

69 

equalization  in  consolidated  districts, 

206 

under  town  management, 

227 

for  support  of  schools,          . 

247 

Teachers,  certificates  of,       . 

233 

necessaa|r  to  employment, 

235 

revocation, 

233 

duty  to  keep  registers,     .            .            .            . 

238 

duty  to  keep  registers,  if  not  kept,  cannot 

receive 

wages, 

. 

238 

205 


64, 


1 89 

Teachers,  duty  to  obtain  certificates, 

employment  of  by  school  visitors, 

district  committees,  . 
districts, 

board  of  education,    . 
town  committee, 
high  school  committee, 
dismissal  of,  by  town  committee, 
wages  of,  how  paid  in  districts, 

when  to  be  paid, 
examination  of, 

State  Board  of  Education, 
school  visitors,     . 
boards  of  education, 
town  committee, 
high  schools,  examination  of, 
certificates  of, 
Term  of  office,  of  district  committees, 
Term  of  office,  of  district  committees,  in  larger  districts 
town  committees,     . 
members  of  State  Board  of  Education, 
school  visitors, 
Term  of  school,  children  must  attend  during, 
Text-books,  free,        ..... 

State  Board  of  Education  may  direct  what  shall  be 

used  in  State, 
change  of,  ...  . 

on  physiology  and  hygiene,     . 
towns  may  purchase  for  free  distribution, 
committee  must  supply  indigent  scholars, 
supplementary  reading  may  be  prescribed, 
purchased  by  the  town, 
to  be  furnished  to  indigent    children  by 
visitor,  .... 

Tie  in  election  of  school  visitors, 

Tobacco,  sale  of  to  minors,  .... 

use  by  minors,        .... 

Town  clerk,  to  certify  election  of  school  visitors  to  Secretary  of 
State,      ..... 

Teachers  may  issue  certificate  of  age, 

cannot  be  school  visitor  or  member  of  town 
committee,         .... 

of  music,    ..... 

in  County  Homes,  how  examined  and  appointed, 
Teachers'  meetings,    ...... 

Temporary  homes,  schools  in, 

county  commissioners  may  establish, 
county  commissioners  may  employ  and  pay 

teachers, 
expense  of  paid  by  county, 


acting 


school 


Section 

215 

42,  123 


64,  236 

224,  236 

70,  236 

205 

258 

258,  259 

123,  205 

4 


104, 


94 
90,91 


190 


Temporary  homes,  children,  how  enumerated, 
schools  open  as  in  districts, 
employment  and  payment  of  teachers, 
books  and  apparatus,     . 
examination  of  teachers, 
certificates  for  teachers, 
acting  visitor,     .... 
apportionment  of  expense  between  town  and 
county  in  certain  cases, 
Temporary  homes,  expense  when  town  maintains  school, 
Town  management,  act  of  1909,      .... 
town  becomes  school  district, 
school  business  transacted  in  town  meeting 
election  of  officers, 

classification, 
vacancies, 
duties  of  school  committee,  . 
records,  .... 

property,  .... 

equalization,    .... 
fractional  districts,     . 
disposition  of  debts, 
expenses,         .... 
Towns,  must  furnish  school  accommodations, 

by  transportation  or  otherwise, 
procedure  when  town  refuses  or  neglects 
hearing  by  school  visitors,     . 
appeal,  .... 

consolidation  of  districts  of,  ... 

districts  lying  in  different,  jurisdiction  over, 

expenses  of, 
may  abolish  school  districts, 

vote  how  taken, 
direct  that  teachers  may  be  employed  by  school 

visitors,  ..... 

direct  that  teachers  of  music  be  employed  by  school 

visitors  or  town  school  committee,  . 
establish  high  schools, 

and  choose  committee  therefor, 
establish  evening  schools, 

form,  alter,  unite,  and  dissolve  school  districts, 
make  regulations  concerning  truants, 
appoint  truant  officers, 
take  land  for  school  purposes, 
elect  treasurer  of  permanent  school  funds,  . 
must  maintain  schools  36  weeks, 
Towns  must  maintain  schools  36  weeks  unless  average  attend 

ance  be  eight  or  less 
pay  expenses  of  district  schools, 

exception  if  city  in 
town  limits,  , 


Section 
92 
93 
94.  95 
94 
94 
94 
94 

97 

98 

221-232 

221 

222 

223 

223 

223 

224 

226 

227 

227 

22S,  232 

229 

230 

50,  52 

50,  52 

50,  52 

50,  52 

5i,  53 

199 

157 
265 
199 
200 

42 


44 

69 

70 

80,  84 

145 

3i 

32 

220 

59 
40 

40 
40,  258 

260 


191 

Section 

Towns  must  pay  high  school  tuition  fee,  when,            .            .  72 
be  reimbursed   by  State  in   part  for  high  school 

tuition  fee,      ......  73 

pay  transportation  in  certain  cases,    ...  76 

may  receive  high  school  conveyance  grant,             .            .  77 

establish  kindergarten,  .....  41 

vote  free  text-books,       .....  47 

Town  clerk  under  town  management,        ....  225 

Town  school  officers: 

eligibility,  sex  no  disqualification  for  school 

office,             .....  107 

vacancies,  how  filled,  .            .            .            .  108 

selectmen    may  fill  vacancies    in 

certain  cases,        .            .            .  108 

elected  by  ballot,          ....  101 

when  appointed,           ....  101 

number  of,         ....            .  101 

change  of  number  of,  ....    ioi,  112 

plurality  shall  elect  except  when  otherwise 

provided,        .....  102 

return  of  election,        .            .            .            .  103 

official  term,      .....  104 

penalty  for  refusing  to  accept  or  perform 

duties,           .....  105 

Training  department  of  normal  schools,     .            .            .            .  12 

Transportation  of  children,  .....  50,  52,  262 

high  school,  paid  by  town,/  .  .  .76,  79 

Treasurer,  school  district,  election  of ,        ....  170 

to  give  bonds,     ......  176 

term  of  office,     .            .            .            .        *  .            .  170 

Treasurer,  duties  of,              .            .            .            .            .            .  175 

town  school  funds,         .....  59 

Truants,  towns  may  make  by-laws  concerning,    .            .            .  31 

impose  penalties,       .            .            .            .  31 

may  be  arrested  without  warrant,           ...  33 

committed  to  Connecticut  School  for  Boys,      .  34 

prosecution  of ......  34-38 

fees  for  arresting,  .            .            .            .            .            .  35 

may  be  arrested  by  special  constables,  ...  39 

warrant  and  hearing,         .....  36 

judgment  may  be  suspended,       .            .            .            .  37 

parent  or  guardian  to  be  notified,            .            .            ,  36 

Truant  officers,           .......  32 

town  and  city  officers  may  appoint  under  by-law,  32 

Truant  officers  must  present  written  statement  of  arrest,            .  35 

Tuition  at  normal  school  gratuitous,            .            .            .            .  13 

fees,  high  school,     ....••  72 

to  meet  extra  expenses  of  high  or  graded  schools,  263 


192 

Section 

Union  districts,  under  act  of  1 841,  .....  156 

of  small  districts,        ......  262 

scholars  to  be  provided  for,        .            .  262 

Vacancies,  in  State  board  of  education,      ....  1 

district  committees,        .            .            .            .            .  174 

boards  of  school  visitors,            .             .            .            .  no 

in  town  school  committee,          .  205,  223 

Vaccination  of  school  children,         .....  293 

may  be  paid  for  by  the  town  in  some  cases,             .  131 

Vagrant  girls,             .            .            .            .            .            .            .  38 

arrest  of,        ......  38 

Vagrants,  regulations  and  by-laws  concerning,     .            .            .  31 

Ventilation  of  schoolhouse,  ......  304,  305 

Visitors,  school,  officers,        .            .            .            .            .            .  116 

compensation,       .            .            .            .            .  122 

classes,        .            .            .            .            .            .  no 

election,      ......  101 

manner  of  election,            .            .            .            .  115 

election  to  be  certified  to  Secretary  of  State,    .  103 

number,      .            .            .            .            .            .  no 

meetings,  how  called,       .            .            .            .  117 

organization,         .            .            .            .            .  115 

secretary,  duties  of,          .            .            .            .  118 

duty  to  give  certificate  to   Comptroller    that 
schools  have  been  kept  according  to 

law,         .....  246 

certify  to   Comptroller  concerning  even- 
ing schools,        .            .            .            .  83 

give  certificate  to  selectmen  that  schools 

have  been  kept  according  to  law,      .  128,  258 
Visitors,  school,  duty,  report  names  of    teachers  and  district 
committees  to  State  board  of  edu- 
cation, .....  129 

make    estimate     to    towns    of    cost    of 

schools,             ....  254,  256 

make  complaint  to  board  of  health  when 
sanitary  condition  of  schoolhouse  is 

unsatisfactory,  ....  305 

to  regulate  libraries,  .  .         116,239,240 

superintend  high  schools,  .            .            .  71,116 
may  appoint  acting  visitor  not  of  their 

number,             ....  121 

may  give  written  consent  to  attendance 

in  non-local  high  school,          .            .  72 

joint  duties  with  selectmen,        .             240,  254,  256,  265 

penalty  for  fraudulent  certificate  of,      .            .  268 

power  to  administer  oath,            .            .            .  133 

admit  nonresident  pupils,        .            .  182 


*93 

Section 
Visitors,  school,  power  to  change  sites  of  schoolhouses  in  certain 

cases,  .....  1S1 

open  schools  in  districts  neglecting  to 

keep  one,         .  .  .  .  178 

duty  to  require  vaccination  of  children,  .  131 

change  text-books,  .  .  •.  130 

prescribe  supplementary  reading,        .  130 

powers  superseded  in  districts  having  board  of 

education,  .... 

school  committee  to  be  board  of  visitors  if  union 

system  is  abandoned,    . 
duties  and  powers,   :         .  .  .116, 

to  approve  plans  for  schoolhouses, 
examine  teachers, 

of  high  schools, 
sign  teachers'  certificates, 
give  certificates  to  teachers, 

of  high  schools, 
revoke  teachers'  certificates, 

of  high  schools 
inspect  factories, 

employ  teachers  when  authorized,      42 
of  music, 
duty  to  make  arrangements  for  children  to  at 
tend  school  when  there  is  no  school 
in  their  district, 
to  superintend  evening  schools, 

report  concerning 
approve  of  the  union  of  small  schools,  , 
make  returns  of  enumeration  to  Comp 

troller,  .... 
report  to  town, 
purchase  text-books  for  free  distribu 

tion  if  so  directed, 
may  admit  to  school  children  under  five 
may  appoint  school  physician,   . 
appoint  acting  visitor  (see  acting  visi 
tors),      ..... 
appoint  superintendent,  .  .        134, 

•may  fix  salary,  134, 
organize  supervision  district, 
consent  to  conveyance  grant,     . 
prescribe  studies, 
hear  parents  when  school  accommoda 

tions  not  furnished, 
report  to  State  Board  of  Education  con 

cerning  evening  schools, 
examine  teachers,  .  . 

cannot  be  employed  as  teachers, 
approve  library  books  and  apparatus,  .  126 


66 

219 

123,  124 
116 
123 

7i 
233 
123 

7i 
123 

71 
30 

124,  236 

44 


262 

81 

83 
262 

127 
118 

47 

40 

294 

120 

138,  140 

136,  138 

135 

76 

40 

50,  52 

83 
123 

125,  237 


Year,  school, 


length  of, 


Section 

136 
116 
116 
116 
140 
126 

7i 
132 


194 

Visitors,  school,  duty  to  secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  superin- 
tendent to  State  board  of  education, 
superintend  high  and  graded  schools,    . 
prescribe  rules,     .... 

prescribe  text-books, 
petition  for  superintendent, 
approve  books  and  apparatus,    . 
appoint  high  school  committee, 
preserve  books  and  documents, 
nominate  special  constables  to  arrest 

truants,             ....  39 

select  books  for  libraries,            .            .  239 

make  rules  for  management  of  books,  .  239 
secretary  of,  duties  in  relation  to  state 

grant,    .....  249 

vacancies,  how  filled,       .            .            .  m 

Visitation  of  schools,             .            .            .            .            .            .  120 

schoolhouse  to  be  visited,     .            .            .  120 

register  to  be  inspected,       .            .            .  120 

library  examined,      .            .            .            .  120 

studies  investigated,             .            .            .  120 

by  district  committee,          .            .            .  196 

Voluntown,  ......  page  157 

Voters,  legal,  in  district  meetings,  .            ....  163,164 

list  of,  how  made  out,            .            .            .            .  165 

Wages  of  teachers,  paid  by  districts,          ....  147 

when  payable,  .            ....  258,259 

certificate  necessary  to,  235 

Warnings  of  town,  city,  borough,  and  other  meetings,     .            .  60 

district  meetings,  how  given,             .            .            .  162 

what  to  specify,    .            .            .  162 

Waterbury,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  .  .  .  page  158 

Weeks  of  school,  number  of,             ....            .  40 

Westville,        .......  page  162 

Weston,  .......  page  162 

Wilton,  Redding  and  Weston,         ....  page  162 

Woodbridge,  ......  page  163 

Women,  are  eligible  to  certain  offices,        ....  288 

may  vote  for  school  officers,         ....  342 ,  344 

registration  of,        .....            .  343 

Women,  separate  voting  lists,          .....  346 

names  to  be  put  on  list  "  to  be  made,"    .            .            .  343 

to  qualify  in  same  manner  as  men,          .            .            .  345 

penalty  for  false  testimony,          ....  345 

Wire,  barbed,  prohibited  near  schoolhouse,           .            .            .  319 


255 

40 


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